|
|
Biblical Grounds for Ethically Responsible Approach to the Acceptance of Strangers
Štica, Petr ; Rethmann, Albert-Peter (referee) ; Ryšková, Mireia (referee)
7 Summary The submitted rigorous thesis (Biblical Grounds for Ethically Responsible Approach to Acceptance of Strangers) describes biblical view on the question of receiving strangers. The text·is constituted by the presentation of basic biblical texts to the given topic, including their brief exegesis and interpretation, by the synthesis of fundamental biblical theological views and conclusions, and introduction of relevant biblical anthropological topics related to biblical theology of creation (above all the human dignity and the idea of "totus orbis" - i. e. the universalist idea of humankind unity). Since the presented reflection can be used in the theological ethical reflection of the phenomenon, the introducing chapter submits basic methodological notes related to the nexus ofbiblical hermeneutics and Christian social ethics. Key words: stranger alien foreigner Bible acceptance of strangers ethics 106
|
|
|
"'The Love of God is the Beginning of All True Virtues." The Verification of the Concept of Autonomous Morality in Augustin Zippe's Moral-theological Writing
Lorman, Jaroslav ; Rethmann, Albert-Peter (referee) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
Resumé Die vorliegende Arbeit setzt sich als Ziel die Überprüfung des Konzeptes der autonomen Moral im Kontext des christlichen Glaubens, wie es von Alfons Auer vorgestellt wurde, auf dem Entwurf der Moraltheologie Augustin Zippes (1746/7-1816), eines der vornehmsten Protagonisten des Josephinismus in der Donaumonarchie. Den Korpus der analysierten Texte bilden zwei moraltheologische Abhandlungen (Anleitung in die Sittenlehre der Vernunft und der Offenbarung, Prag 1778, ev. Wien 1789; Von der moralischen Bildung angehender Geistlichen im Generalseminario in Prag, Prag 1784), sieben Predigten und ein Traktat über die Geschichte der christlichen Nächstenliebe. Überprüft werden die Grundpostulate der autonomen Moral, d.h. ihre Autonomie (welche jeden Eudämonismus und Voluntarismus ausschaltet), weiter den rationalen Zugang zu ihrer Erkenntnis und ihre Unbedingtheit im Sinne der prinzipiellen Freiheit der moralischen Handlung menschlicher Personen. Verifiziert werden die zwei Hauptteile der autonomen christlichen Moral, nämlich das sog. Weltethos und das sog. Heilsethos, wie sie zu den zwei Quellen Zippes Moral, der Moral der Vernunft und der Offenbarung, äquivalent seien. Die Arbeit wird in fünf Hauptabteile gegliedert. Der erste Teil thematisiert die methodologische Grundlegung der vorgelegten...
|
|
|
Donations of organs - duty, donation or oportunity?
Uher, Martin ; Rethmann, Albert-Peter (advisor) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
Martin Uher DAROVÁNÍ ORGÁNŮ - POVINNOST, DAR NEBO ŠANCE? Bakalářská práce Resumé Práce se snaží podat stručný přehled problematiky odběru a transplantace orgánů z medicínského i etického hlediska. V první části, po úvodu a krátkém historickém přehledu, se autor věnuje vymezení pojmů z oblasti transplantologie a toho, jaké druhy transplantace známe. Potom následuje kapitola o mozkové smrti jako smrti jedince. Popisuje postupy, jak k diagnóze mozkové smrti dospět. Důležitost důkazu smrti jedince je založena na zásadě, že není možný odběr orgánu z mrtvého. V následujících dvou kapitolách se práce věnuje jak dárcovi tak i potencionálnímu příjemci orgánů - jaké "podmínky" musí splňovat a jaké orgány může darovat, resp. přijmout. V 6. kapitole autor popisuje vlastní výkon transplantace a 7. kapitolu věnuje velmi aktuálnímu problému - transplantaci od žijícího dárce. Další, 8. kapitola se specifickými problémy týkajícími se transplantací - jako jsou např. dárci s nebijícím srdcem, děti a anencefaličtí novorozenci - uzavírá "medicínskou" část práce. Autor se dále věnuje etickým aspektům transplantace - od diskusních rovin přes etické principy až po problém obchodu s orgány a etické problémy darování orgánů od žijících dárců. V roce 2002 přijal Parlament České republiky nový transplantační zákon. Právě jemu je...
|
|
|
Migration, Work Migration and Related Problems of Ethics
Kasal, Jan ; Rethmann, Albert-Peter (advisor) ; Štica, Petr (referee)
SYNOPSIS Author's surname and name: KASAL, Jan Thesis title: Migration, work migration and coherent ethics problems The thesis brings information regarding current situation of migration and work migration in the Czech republic. A more detailed effort is dedicated to limitation of illegal migration either via EU guidelines application or Assistance Centers aid. The thesis sums up and puts in line latest data that are at disposal at the Czech Bureau of Statistics, Ministry of Inferior, Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs and tries to define common questions (problems) related with migration and implies some possible solutions. It calls attention to some ethic problems (brain drain, illegal migration, migrants exploitation). It describes current official position of the Czech republic concerning problems with migration. Key words: legal milieu migration work migration ethics demographic development
|
|
|
The fight against terrorism in the light of so called "just war"
Holub, Tomáš ; Rethmann, Albert-Peter (advisor) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee) ; Trojan, Jakub (referee)
NĚMECKÁ ANOTACE Der Kampf gegen den Terrorismus im Licht der Lehre über den sogenannten "gerechten Krieg" Vorschlag einer Kriteriologie Die Arbeit versucht, die Lehre über den gerechten Krieg, wie sie im Katechismus der Katholischen Kirche in Artikel 2309 eingeführt ist, für die Situation des asymmetrischen Krieges gegen den Terrorismus zu konkretisieren. Das erste Kapitel beschäftigt sich zunächst mit den fundamental-ethischen Ausgangspunkten für die vorgelegte Arbeit. Zuerst wird die allgemeine Situation der christlichen Ethik nach dem II. Vatikanum beschrieben. In einem zweiten Schritt wird als methodologisch maßgebender Ansatz für die Arbeit derjenige von Eberhard Schockenhoff ausgewählt. Dies wird mit der besonderen Offenheit der Methode Schockenhoffs für außer- christliche und rationale Diskussion begründet. Im zweiten Teil des ersten Kapitels wird die Eingliederung des Themas in den Rahmen der Friedensethik definiert und erklärt. Im zweiten Kapitel der Arbeit wird die geschichtliche Entwicklung der Friedenslehre seit Thukydides über die Antike, die alt- und neutestamentlichen Hintergründe, die frühkirchliche Zeit, die Positionen von Augustinus, Thomas von Aquin, Francisco de Vitoria und Grotius bis zur Entstehung der UNO-Charta im Jahre 1945 skizziert. Das dritte Kapitel beschreibt die heutige...
|
|
|
The Principle of Human Dignity in the Czech Prisons
Prajka, Petr ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Rethmann, Albert-Peter (referee)
The Principal of Human Dignity in the Czech Prison Summary The thesis concentrates on a set of findings concerning the matter of human rights and their abidance in prisons in the Czech Republic. These findings are based on evaluation reports of The Czech Prison Direction and The Czech Humane Committee. It also includes the evaluation of findings obtained in a sociological research among the prisoners who were confronted with the results of above mentioned organizations. The purpose of this thesis was to learn the historical background of the creation of The Declaration of Basic Human Rights, their abidance and fulfillment, as results from the title of this thesis. Another purpose is to evaluate a historical development not only in the light of the world as such - so secular, but also in the light of faith; of the approach of Catholic Church and Christianity. It is possible to say that the modern approach of thoughts stressed the ability and demand of human intelligence on a moral autonomy concerning social institutions and the social form. Especially the originality, form elaboration, bibliographical citations, analytical- systematical preparation of data etc. are the benefits. Impulses included in this thesis are designated mainly to those who are interested in fulfilling the human rights. The idea of...
|
|
|
A Child as a Saleable Commodity in Prostitution. Perspectives of a Theological-ethical Reflection
Milfait, René ; Rethmann, Albert-Peter (advisor) ; Vaníčková, Eva (referee) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
DÍTĚ JAKO ZBOŽÍ V PROSTITUCI. PERSPEKTIVY TEOLOGICKO-ETICKÉ REFLEXE Summary The submitted thesis discusses child prostitution as a form of commercial sexual exploitation of children within the framework of theological ethics. It uses the method of three stages - seeing, judging and acting. The author examines the meaning and manifestations of the highest ethical principle and the paradigm of human dignity as a legal system in this bitter, serious and socially dangerous domain. He explains the perception of a child and its sexuality in context of these socially undesirable, obscene and criminal practices. The multidisciplinary nature of the problem is considered in relation to various aspects and actors, utilizing the knowledge and experience from relevant domains and their representatives. The main actors are children as victims on one side and the offenders on the other. While outlining the relevant criminal provisions as well as the concept of vice crimes, the author reflects how terms like moral, decency and ethics are defined and used. In the second part of the thesis, the author provides the perspectives of theological-ethical reflection. He compares his own perception of moral, decency and ethics with the concept of these terms from the point of criminal law. He also discusses the relation between law...
|
|
|
The Suicide - A Moral Evaluation
Krajíc, Pavel ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Rethmann, Albert-Peter (referee)
Author: Pavel Krajíc Theme: Self-murder - moral evaluation Human being is put up before number of problems that he or she has to solve. Many times he or she is impeded by the situation of despair, feelings of absence of any sense or even by the lack of attentive care from man's surrounding. So the only solution how to get rid of that despair is seen in liquidation of the human itself. To avoid this risk, it depends not only on the person itself but also on the help from its surrounding. In case of incurable the palliative care is the pivotal help for the sick. What is especially important is that the person that is intended to end his or her life, or even tried to do it, mustn't be alone. In terms of moral evaluation it is important to consider the situation that contributed to suicide. Key words: value of human life, self-murder, the Bible, history, Canon Law, empirical sciences (sociology, medical science, psychology), educational authority of the church, help, assisted suicidium, euthanasia, palliative care.
|
|
|
Theology and spirituality of priestly celibacy
Brhel, Miloslav ; Kohut, Pavel Vojtěch (advisor) ; Rethmann, Albert-Peter (referee)
Anglická anotace Theology and Spirituality of Priestly Celibacy The aim of this diploma work is to show the basis of priestly celibacy and to draw conclusions for priests' daily life. At the beginning the autor speaks about biblical roots of celibacy and works out a brief history of priestly celibacy praxis. The main part focuses on recent theological debate on priestly celibacy and then introduces its own definition of theological basis of priestly celibacy. Last part shows some practical outcomes for spirituality of priestly celibacy. Keywords: priesthood, celibacy, continence, cleric, spirituality.
|
|
|
The fairness of tax system
Marková, Dagmar ; Rethmann, Albert-Peter (advisor) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
ANGLICKÁ ANOTACE The Fairness of Tax System This paper deals with the fairness of tax system. After introductory chapter the history of taxes is summarized and the basic functions of taxes are described followed by mentioning the requirements of good tax system. One of the main requirements is the fairness of the system. In the third part, paper discusses the role of justice. Three types of justice and several concepts of fairness will be introduced. I chose two concepts for further explanation. The first theory introduces utilitarianism; the second one is based on the opinions of John Rawls. According to the principle of Christian ethics I debate them. The next section evaluates taxes and kinds of tax systems on the basis of fairness theories. Examples from Czech tax system are included in the discussion. The reform of public finance is prepared in our country, thus at the end the implementation of flat tax and ecological tax reform is discussed. The last chapter concludes. Key words: tax, tax system, fairness, utilitarianism, Rawls.
|
guest ::
