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Depiction of Plants in Spanish and Czech Phraselogy and Idiomatics
Fučíková, Kateřina ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
The topic of this bachelor's thesis is Spanish phrasemes and idioms which contain a designation of plants, and also their equivalents in the Czech language. The theoretical part is dedicated to delimitation of crucial concepts from the field of phraseology and idiomatics, and comparison of their conception in the Spanish and Czech linguistic theory. The practical part consists of forming a collection of Spanish phrasemes and idioms containing the designation of plants and their following subjection to a semantic and syntactic analysis. The practical part is followed by a case study which, with the help of a corpus, investigates the frequency of the researched phrasemes and idioms and their Czech equivalents.
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Superlative Prefixes in Contemporary Spanish
Trousilová, Adéla ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
(in English): The objective of this paper is to present the superlative prefixes in contemporary Spanish, which form a very productive part of Spanish word-formation. In my thesis, I address five prefixes in particular: super-, ultra-, archi-, hiper-, requete-. In the theoretical part, the basic terms and conceptual starting points are defined, the superlative prefixes are classified into the typology of Spanish prefixes and the potential Czech equivalents are mentioned there as well. The practical part consists of two studies of superlative prefixes in language corpora. The first study was executed in the Aranea comparable web corpus where I observed the frequency of the prefixes as well as the type of word they attach to. In the second study, executed in the InterCorp parallel corpus, I focused on the most frequent way the superlative prefixes are being translated into Czech.
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Spanish Prepositions Por, Para and Their Czech Equivalents
Šímová, Natálie ; Kratochvílová, Dana (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
The present work deals with the spanish prepositions por and para. Subject of our research is to define cases in which it is possible to use the prepositions and determine the difference between their meanings. By means of analysis of language corpus, we observe which meanings do the prepositions have and how are they translated into Czech. We investigate if there exist their specific Czech equivalents and whether it is possible to distinguish the meaning of por and para in Czech language.
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Names of Musical Instruments in Spanish from a Synchronous and Diachronic Perspective
Kachlová, Tereza ; Krinková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
in English This thesis deals with names of the musical instrument in the Spanish language from a synchronic and diachronic perspective. Taking into consideration the great variety of all existing musical instruments, the specified lexicon for this work will be based on the Sachs-Hornbostel classification of musical instruments and, with a few exceptions, its occurrence in standard European form of the symphonic orchestra. I will present the phoneme changes, using the words from musical terminology, in connection with the historical evolution of the music on Iberian Peninsula. Using NDHE dictionary and diachronic corpus CDH and CORDE I will analyse the origin of the names and then the preferred usage in the actual language via corpus CORPES XXI and CREA. Key words: musical instruments, Spanish, diachronic perspective, synchronic perspective, word loans, lexicology, etymology
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Acquisition of Spanish by Czech Speakers: Selected Problem Causing Phonetic Phenomena
Kostelecká, Viktorie ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
The presented bachelor thesis Acquisition of Spanish by Czech speakers: selected phonetic phenomena causing problems is focused on sound system of Spanish and correct pronunciation of selected sounds. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is theoretical and devote second language acquisition (SLA) in general but also deal with sound acquisition, describes in detail phonetic systems of both languages and compares them. The second part is practical. There are analyzed and afterwards compared audio recordings of Czech and Spanish speakers. The acquired data are processed, and it is evaluated which phenomena and in which position are causing the most problems to Czech speakers.
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Use of Paradigms HABLARÍA and HABRÍA HABLADO in Contemporary Spanish and Their Equivalents in Czech
Rapáňová, Lenka ; Kratochvílová, Dana (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
The objective of this thesis is to point out the asymmetry between the form and function of the paradigms HABLARÍA and HABRÍA HABLADO. In the introductory chapters, we describe topics and terms related to the issue and then we focus on the description of the individual functions of the paradigms. Each function is defined with the help of secondary literature, which we supplement with practical examples of texts obtained from the language corpora CORPES XXI and InterCorp. Based on acquired knowledge, we proved that studied paradigms are widely used in the Spanish language and are applied not only in the temporal meaning but also in various modal meanings. Subsequently, we analyze the Czech translations of the paradigm HABRÍA HABLADO in the function condicional compuesto, which expresses hypothetical situations in the past. The results confirmed that the past conditional is no longer used in the Czech language and is usually replaced by the present conditional. Key words conditional, Czech, corpus, verbal paradigm, Spanish
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Spanish relational adjectives derived from nouns
Jarůšková, Lucie ; Krinková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
This thesis is dedicated to the area of relational adjectives derived from nouns and the comparation between Czech and Spanish language. The relational adjectives in Spanish are mainly derived from Latin and appear in the specialized texts or in the literary texts as figurative sense. Common speaker prefers using prepositional phrase with a noun. The thesis aim is to investigate the difference in the use of desubstantive adjetives and prepositional phrase, define their semantic contexts, compare to the use of qualifying adjectives and verify the Czech translation. The practical part is based on the work with corpus, the analysis of choosen Czech adjectives and their semantic equivalents in Spanish. The research may contribute to the better understanding of difference in the expressing of relative adjectives in both languages.
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Arabic element in the dialect of Granada
Feltová, Veronika ; Krinková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to describe the Arabic element in the dialect of Granada. The thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. The theoretical part focuses on the historical and cultural context of Arabic presence on the Iberian Peninsula, the influence of Arabic on Spanish and also the dialect of Eastern Andalusia, especially Granada. The practical part is then dedicated to the research of selected vocabulary of Arabic origin and its knowledge among people in the region of Granada. Key words Spanish, Arabic, Arabisms, loanwords from Arabic, Arabs, dialect, Andalusia, Andalusian dialect, Granada, vocabulary, questionnaire research, language contact
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The variation of the Andalusian dialect in Granada
Hartmanová, Michaela ; Krinková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
Andalusian represents a wide range of the Autonomous Community of Andalusia regional linguistic varieties, from which I focused on the speech in the Granada province. Having first introduced the very definition of the term "Andalusian", I subsequently clarified the notional linguistic divison of Andalusia into the western and eastern region represented by Granada. In the context of Andalusian, my aim was to characterize the Granada variety of Spanish from three points of view - phonetic-phonological, lexical and morphosyntactic, placing the greatest emphasis on the first two aspects, for the uniqueness of the variant lies primarily in its sound and vocabulary. Regarding specific linguistic phenomena of the phonetic level, this study deals with the vocal system (openness of vocals), a much-discussed topic throughout the Spanish-speaking world - ceceo, seseo and yeísmo, as well as various types of aspirations, neutralization of the -l/-r consonants, loss of the -d-, -g-, -r- intervocalic consonants and fricative pronunciation of the - ch palatal consonant. As for the vocabulary, a result of diverse cultures in Andalusia proliferating, it was elaborated on according to its division into several following categories: Occidentalisms, Orientalisms, archaisms, Arabisms, Gitanisms and diminutives. In contrast to...
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Linguistic Analysis of Newspaper Headlines in Spanish
Šťastná, Anna ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Krinková, Zuzana (referee)
This thesis focuses on describing characteristic linguistic features of newspaper headlines in Spanish. After introducing the area of study, the theoretical part explains key concepts such as journalism, news and opinion journalism, language and style of media and sums up differences between traditional and digital journalism. The third chapter is dedicated to the topic of newspaper headlines, the chapter presents their brief history, possible classifications and points out the importance of the visual form of newspapers. The crucial part deals with the issue of characteristic morphosyntactic, lexical and punctuation features of newspaper headlines. The fourth chapter describes the quality press El País, the digital version of this daily was used for the formation of corpus for the analysis of language material. The analysis derives from theoretical foundations and is the content of the sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth chapter. Results of partial analyses are generalized in the conclusion of the thesis, which describes specifics of language used in newspaper headlines and determines main differences between headlining of articles in various sections of the newspaper.
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