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The politics of Edward I. on the British isles and in France
Kovaříková, Šárka ; Drška, Václav (advisor) ; Nejedlý, Martin (referee)
King Edward I reigned in England for thirty five years. The authors of medieval chronicles speak about him as magnificent ruler, capable warrior and politician. Modern historians write about many problems and wars he had to resolve or win, mostly with success. England of Edward I had two more outer parts - Wales and Ireland. Wales was divided among powerfull barons who had to perform homagium to English kings. Between 1272 and 1307 there were three rebelions led by native princes. After last of them, in 1292, Wales was finaly conquered by English. Ireland was supposed to be firmly in English hands; Edward never visited the country nor had to send army to it. In the thirteenth century there were two kingdoms on the British Isles - England and Scotland. English kings tried to obtain influential position in the northern realm; Scottish kings had to perform homagium to them. Question is whether this was for Scotland or only for lands which Scottish kings held in England. In 1290 the dynasty of Scottish kings died out and Edward I took the opportunity. He chose new ruler and after John Balliol failed in his duties to England, Edward entered Scotland with army. The campaigns, thanks to resist in the northern part of the kingdom, continued until the end of Edward's reign. Scotland was never fully conquered. The...
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The Term "crown" in designation of The Kingdom of Aragon and The Kingdom of Bohemia in the Middle Ages
Vlková, Tereza ; Bobková, Lenka (advisor) ; Drška, Václav (referee)
The denomination corona/crown is not exceptional in the name of the medieval state. But its meaning and sense was not always the same. The comparison of the denomination the lands of the Bohemian Crown can be led to England, France or Hungary, but to Aragon as well. The comparison of the tradition of using this denomination in Aragon and Kingdom of Bohemia is the main goal of this thesis. The part of this thesis is also devoted to the territorial expanse and territorial gains of both of them. I have chosen charters of kings of Aragon and I tried to detect the meaning ant the evolution of the term corona. From the comparison of the term corona in czech and aragon charters I got number of similarities. In both Crowns the term appears in time when the territory expands. Also the term appears in incorporation charter first. Very interesting is almost similar evolution of the position of the term corona, when at the beginng it stands next to the term regnum and finally we can find it alone. Key words: Crown of Bohemia - Crown of Aragon - Crown Lands - Kingdom - John of Luxemburg (the Blind) - Charles IV - Ramon Berenguer IV. - James I. the Conqueror - Peter III. the Great - James II. the Fair - Peter IV. the Ceremonious
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The king and the presentation of king majesty in Arthurian legends
Mádlová, Karolína ; Drška, Václav (advisor) ; Suchánek, Drahomír (referee)
(in English): This thesis is dedicated to the medieval Arthurian legends and their authors, especially to Gildas, Geoffrey of Monmouth, Chrétien de Troyes and Thomas Malory. On the basis of their works is here reconstructed presentation of the king and his majesty, the phenomenon of chivalry and the role of women at the court and off the court. There is also considered the role of Christianity and paganism in legends and specific aspects related to both religions, such as Glastonbury Abbey, Holy Grail, Avalon, Merlin and many others.
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Stigmata and stigmatized persons in the Middle Age
Janatová, Nikola ; Suchánek, Drahomír (advisor) ; Drška, Václav (referee)
(in English): The diploma thesis examines phenomenon of stigmas and stigmatised persons in the Middle Ages. This diploma thesis contains of three parts. The goal of first part is description of Crucifixion symbolism from beginning of Christianity up to first stigmas about Francis of Assisi from 1224. Main part presents its own phenomenon of stigmas: their definition, base and reception in religious and expert field. Final part focuses on significant middle-aged holders of stigmas and analysis of their hagiography. Klíčová slova (anglicky): Stigmas, Jesus Christ, cross, crucifixion, bloody sweat, bloody tears, thorn crown, mysticism, self-identification.
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The Visigothic Kingdom in the Modern Literature
Svoboda, Radovan ; Drška, Václav (advisor) ; Picková, Dana (referee)
The objective of this bachelor thesis "The Visigothic Kingdom in Modern Professional Writing" is to interpret certain substantial aspects of the era of the so-called Kingdom of Toledo. The author has focused on preselected issues such as Visigothic legislation, the nature of king's power, issues of religion, the position of the church, the power of Visigothic aristocracy, living conditions of the Jew minority and the reasons for the downfall of the Kingdom of Toledo. The issues as outlined above have not been preselected at random as they constitute the background against which the key events took place in the Visigothic Kingdom. The author's conclusions are based on the results of scientific research of contemporary, mainly Spanish, but also foreign and Czech historians. Special attention is paid to the historic events towards which the historians differ in view and opinion. The aim of this thesis is to contribute to a deeper knowledge of era that was a major stage in the development of European civilization and introduced many priceless values to its culture, to which, however, Czech historiography has paid too little attention.
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Course, Causes and Consequences of non-uniform electoral Votings in the Holy Roman Empire in the High Middle Ages (1198, 1257, 1314)
Vanča, Matouš ; Drška, Václav (advisor) ; Suchánek, Drahomír (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to compare three cases of double elections, which happened in the Holy Roman Empire in the High Middle Ages. The elections in question are: the 1198 election (when Philip, the Duke of Swabia, and Otto of Brunswick were elected), the election of 1257 (when Richard of Cornwall and Alfons X, the King of Castile, were elected) and the 1314 election (when Louis IV, the Duke of Upper Bavaria, and Frederick the Handsome, the Duke of Austria, were elected). Each of these elections is represented by a case study, which analyses its course, its political background, its immediate causes and other circumstances, and which also describes its specific consequences. At the end of this thesis, there is a comparative study, which points out similarities and differences between these three cases and thus traces a fundamental advancement of the Holy Roman Empire's constitutional arrangement and its monarchs election (primarily, the progress from the elections by a wide group of the Princes of the Empire to the elections by a small ensamble of seven electors); such progress subsequently led to the issue of the Golden Bull of Charles IV. This thesis uses period sources, whether it is diplomatic documents directly connected with royal elections or works of chroniclers and annalists,...
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The Influence of William of Ockham teaching to the politics of Louis IV. of Bavaria
Vladyková, Markéta ; Drška, Václav (advisor) ; Velímský, Tomáš (referee) ; Suchánek, Drahomír (referee)
The Influence of William of Ockham teaching to the politics of Louis IV of Bavaria The aim of this work is to find out how far was the King of the Romans and Emperor Louis IV of Bavaria willing or able to use the idea fulfilled in work of the Franciscan monk William of Ockham while patterning his state policy. William of Ockham was living for many years at Louis's court and he reacted to the actual political situation in the Roman Empire by his work. Two elections took place after the death of the Roman Emperor Henry VII of Luxembourg. Louis of Bavaria and Friedrich of Habsburg became two Kings of the Romans and enemies to each other, too. This was followed by many years lasting fight for the throne which paralysed all Empire politics and was only finished when Friedrich was taken captive in the battle of Mühldorf. The new Pope John XXII was elected after two years lasting sede vacante in 1316. When Louis of Bavaria began exercise his right to the Italian part of the Empire after the battle of Mühldorf fully, he got into a disagreement with John XXII. It was ended up not only by a denial of king's right to the Northern Italy but also to Germany and Burgundy and to the start of the trial against the person of Louis IV. The king refused all Pope's demands through three appellations - of Nuremberg,...
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Latin West mirrored by the Byzantine historiography (6th-8th centuries)
Bakyta, Ján ; Drška, Václav (advisor) ; Picková, Dana (referee) ; Bednaříková, Jarmila (referee)
The basic aim of the thesis is to investigate whether the Romans of the East (Byzantines) during the 6th to the 8th centuries were interested in the Latin west and the imperial rule over it. In the first part of the work, the various discourses concerning the origins of the Justinianic conquest or reconquest of Africa and Italy articulated in the contemporary sources are identified and evaluated; the only one which cannot be shown or supposed to have been officially articulated is the discourse of a source of Pseudo-Zachariah Scholasticus which makes African and maybe also Italian exulants complaining in the imperial court about the local rulers responsible for the Vandal and Gothic wars. After some other preliminary studies (e.g. concerning the so-called problem of Theodericʼs constitutional position), it is concluded that the emperor Justinian was not interested in an ideologically founded restoration of the empire, but made the western wars because of his contacts with western aristocrats. In the second part of the thesis, the presentation of the Justinianic western wars and western events or realities in the works of the Byzantine historians from Marcellinus Comes and Procopius to Theophylactus Simocatta (the 6th to the early 7th centuries) is investigated and an attempt is made to explore...
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The Cantigas de Santa Maria as a means of self-presentation of the king Alfonso X the Wise
Jaluška, Matouš ; Drška, Václav (advisor) ; Suchánek, Drahomír (referee)
The thesis deals with a method of self-presentation employed by the king of Castile Alphonse X the Learned (†1284) as it appears in his Marian songbook Cantigas de Santa Maria, where the king proclaims himself to be a troubadour of the Virgin Mary, thus creating a double character of king-troubadour. The first part presents an analysis of the »king« aspect of this double character and the alfonsine concept of monarch as a comprehending head of the people. In the second part the troubadour persona of the king is scrutinized with special emphasis on proximity between those two concepts. It is shown along the way how the close relation with the saint enables the king to enrich his secular regal power with a touch of sanctity independent of Rome.
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