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The second life of Zdeněk Nejedlý in Czech historiography and culture
Nájemník, Václav ; Čornejová, Ivana (advisor) ; Křesťan, Jiří (referee) ; Galandauer, Jan (referee)
Title: The second life of Zdeněk Nejedlý in Czech historiography and culture Author: Mgr. Václav Nájemník Supervisor: doc. PhDr. Ivana Čornejová, Csc. Department: The History and History Didactics Department Keywords: Zdeněk Nejedlý, second life, methodology, reception, historiography, culture, communism, totalitarianism, literature, art, Bedřich Smetana, Alois Jirásek Abstract: The following dissertation deals with the "second life" of Czech historian, musicologist, reviewer and politician Zdeněk Nejedlý (1878-1962). Its aim is not to elaborate a new biography, but to describe and analyse the influence of this personality on Czech historiography and culture during the communist totalitarian system. His influence is usually perceived as very strong, but seems to have changed over time, and moreover weakened. An important topic will also be the development of the attitude of historians, writers and other cultural personalities to the personality and work of Zdeněk Nejedlý in the context of Czech history in the second half of the twentieth century. The purpose of the work is to show that the personality of Zdeněk Nejedlý is not the only negative factor that worked for society, but that he himself participated actively in the creation of this image. Finally, it also appears that the "second life" of some of...
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Ladislav Štoll'Participation on the Shaping of the Czechoslovak Culture
Čurda, Vojtěch ; Čornejová, Ivana (advisor) ; Mervart, Jan (referee) ; Křesťan, Jiří (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to describe how a literary critic and an ideologist of the Communist Party Ladislav Štoll influenced the making of the Czechoslovak culture in the 20th century. At the same time we try to capture Ladislav Štoll's life in the form of a political biography, which describes his activity in connection to the discussions, polemics and the political development of the Czechoslovak cultural left wing. As a part of the thesis we describe the activity and opinions of Ladislav Štoll in the interwar republic, his attempts to write his own fiction and broadly also his participation in the discussions amongst left-wing intellectuals (so called generational discussion, the controversy around André Gide, polemics about the Moscow Trials). Also his relationship with the thinking of Zdeněk Nejedlý, the heritage of F. X. Šalda and Štoll's opinions before the outbreak of the Second World War is analysed in the thesis. We try to capture Štoll's activity during the Second World War, including the problem of his involvement with the anti-Nazi resistance. The main focus of the thesis is Štoll's activity after the war. We analyse his place in the polemics about socialism and the cultural orientation of Czechoslovakia. We also look at Štoll's influence on the universities including his lecturing at...
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The Knights of the Cross with the Red Star in Hradiště of St. Hippolytus at Znojmo in the 19th century
Burdová, Věra ; Čornejová, Ivana (advisor) ; Pokorný, Jiří (referee) ; Marečková, Marie (referee)
The subject of the thesis "The Knights of the Cross with the Red Star in Hradiště of St. Hippolytus at Znojmo in the 19th century" is the history of the Provostship in Hradiště of St. Hippolytus and the villages which it administered in the 19th century. The Knights of the Cross with the Red Star is the only Church Order founded in Bohemia. The Order was established by St. Agnes of Bohemia in the 13th century. Hradiště of St. Hippolytus has belonged to the Order since 1240. The objective of this thesis was drafting the history of Hradiště of St. Hippolytus in Moravia in the 19th century and in its context. The history of the Provostship went parallel to the Church history. The historical development in Hradiště was also influenced by the events in the Habsburg Monarchy and in the town of Znojmo. The processing of the historical development of Hradiště of St. Hippolytus was based on the sources from the 19th century. The methods included analysing not only the archive sources from the 19th century, but also literature of this period. The results of this thesis is the writing of important events in Hradiště of St. Hippolytus in the 19th century and their setting into the historical context. The causes and results of the evens which happened on the Provostship are also analysed. It is not possible to...
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The French Pox in the 16th Century Medical Consilia
Divišová, Bohdana ; Černý, Karel (advisor) ; Žalud, Zdeněk (referee) ; Čornejová, Ivana (referee)
Summary: Consilia played an important role in medieval but also early modern professional health literature. Literary "consilium" contained a written statement of one particular case, the patient's condition and disease as well as advice on a medical procedure where a doctor in accordance with the contemporary discourse analyzed symptoms, determined the diagnosis, prognosis and recommended its pharmacological treatment including possible technical interventions (venesection etc.). In the 16th century, the Consilia Literature was a common part of many eminent physicians' practice whereas nowadays it is unjustly neglected source of history of medicine, pharmacology, dietetics and so on. The first part of the dissertation is devoted to the definition of genre, the initial stages of its development and description of the specifics of the Middle Ages. However the results of fifteen eminent physicians of Italy (B. Vettori, G. B. Da Monte, V. Trincavelli, A. M. Venusti, G. Capodivaccio, C. Guarinoni), France (J. Fernel, G. de Baillou) and of the German-speaking areas of Central Europe (J. Crato, R. Solenander, L. Scholz, D. Cornarius, J. Wittich, T. Mermann, J. Matthaeus), became the main theme of work of early modern consultative collections. On examination of nearly seven thousand consilia from twenty two...
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Historical Origins, Evolution, and Afterlife of the Bohemian Tale of Dalibor of Kozojedy
Kales, Josef ; Hnilica, Jiří (advisor) ; Čornejová, Ivana (referee)
The present thesis focuses on both the actual and the posthumous life of the late 15th c. esquire Dalibor of Kozojedy, beheaded in 1498 by verdict of the Superior Land Court of the Kingdom of Bohemia for capital felony of hostile takeover of a manor house of Ploskovice in the Litoměřice region, including the pertaining peasantry. The text analyses the motives leading to the act and extracts diplomatical, narrative, and literary sources in order to portray the evolution of the tale of Dalibor in the course of 16th through 19th century. The 'áfterlife' of the myth is rooted in the period of Czech National Revival and literary Romanticism, which foreshadows the gradual reshaping process of the then Bohemian mythological heritage as commonly shared by the Czechs and Germans into an instument promoting the Czech national historical tradition, used for defending the Czech culture's milieu against the German one. The thesis explores the aforementioned process as a background for textual instances of the mythical Dalibor's engagement in both society and literature.
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Parish clergy and religious change in Prague's diocese from Council of Trient till the end of the 17 th century
Richard, Nicolas ; Nejedlý, Martin (advisor) ; Čornejová, Ivana (referee) ; Koller, Alexander (referee)
Parish clergy and religious change in Prague's diocese from Council of Trent till the end of the 17th century The religious change that happens in Bohemia in the 17th century has no equivalent in the Europe at this time: the whole country, where Catholics were in a very minority, comes back to the roman Church. This evolution is here seen from a very prosaic point of view: how lay people live this change, and so how acts the parish clergy in this matter. Conversion's strategy, at the end of the Council of Trent, was to permit the use of the chalice to the laity. The consequence of this permission was a very hazy situation in the parishes, but Holy See did nothing before the battle of White Mountain, and after the battle, he suppressed chalice, mainly for pastoral reasons. During the Thirty years War, the kingdom is the place of a general reform, which has its origins in the catholic missionary movement of the beginning of the century and in the political theories of this time. Bohemia is strongly marked by the war that acts as a catalyst; at the same time political and religious authorities were lacking. The inhabitants, usually just formal Catholics at the beginning, convert themselves more and more deeply during the 17th century. The eldest, who remembered the non-Catholics services, died during the...
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Women in Reformation
Hanušová, Barbora ; Vlnas, Vít (advisor) ; Čornejová, Ivana (referee)
Women in Reformation The position of women developed throughout history. Religious reformation, which took place in the early 16th century in the German speaking countries and hundred years earlier in the Czech Kingdom, was one of the movements which changed radically the position of women in the society. First, the religious leaders beginning with Martin Luther changed the clerical view which saw women as incompetent, incomplete and sinful beings into one of respect to the gender and its specifics and to the biological role played by women - motherhood. As a result, women were respected in the society as wives and mothers; nobody wrote preaching about them being danger to men anymore. But with the attack on the monasteries women were deprived of the only way for higher education and independence offered to them in these institutions. The Czech reformation never fully changed its view on marriage. Celibacy and virginity were still considered better ways to salvation then marriage and especially its consummation. In the end both Utraquists and the Unity of Brethren accepted Luther's view on marriage, especially the marriage of priests, but never fully. They tended to see celibacy as the better although for most people impossible way. But the position of women in these branches of Czech reformation was...
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Musical-liturgical life of the Jesuit college at Klatovy in the 18th century
Aschenbrenner, Vít ; Černý, Jaromír (advisor) ; Čornejová, Ivana (referee) ; Slavický, Tomáš (referee)
The Jesuit College in Klatovy and the adjoining St. Joseph Seminary represented an important phenomenon of the local cultural, religious and musical life of 17th and 18th centuries. By gradual building of the monastery complex Jesuits were a major influence on the town's character and their activities in the field of spiritual and cultural life did not fall behind their architectonic ones. In the town Jesuit religious fraternities were working, the town people could watch the school play performances and, last but not least, took part in numerous religious feasts organized by the order. In all these occasions especially figural music played an important role. The era of the order's activity in the town (16361773) was part of the period in which the order tolerated such music performances, however the contemporary sources show that there was strict differences were made between the repertoir played on purpose of the outer representation of the order and accompaniment of internal divine service. Basic institutional platform of the musical life was St. Joseph Seminary, operating within the college since its very foundation. Although compared to other similar order seminaries elsewhere it did not dispose of large musical endowments, it could supply accomodation, food, clothing and musical tuition to as many as...
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Václav Chaloupecký Czechoslovak historian and archivist (1882-1951)
Ducháček, Milan ; Čornejová, Ivana (advisor) ; Kvaček, Robert (referee) ; Mervart, Jan (referee)
The aim of the presented PhD thesis is to deal with the historiographical legacy of Czech historian Václav Chaloupecký (1882-1951), the pupil of Josef Pekař and Jaroslav Goll. During the First Czechoslovak republic Chaloupecký kept the professorship of Czechoslovak history at the newly established Comenius University in Bratislava. His historiographical work has its basis in mediaevistic studies yet it also deals with the questions of contemporary history. The roots of his creativity, however, lie in poetry. Chaloupecký's work is often marked as "czechoslovakist" and positivist and due to this fact usually viewed as methodologically and ideologically obsolete. The aim of this thesis is to rethink Chaloupecký's historiographical legacy from the non-nationalistic and ideologically open minded point of view. The core of this critical approach is to show the stereotypes bound with Chaloupecký's name and last but not least to reveal the specific ideological background of Chaloupecký's work, its roots based in his individual experience with the Czech and Slovak cultural horizon and mainly in the marriage with the Slovak modernist poet Ľudmila Groeblová. The result should show a picture of life and work of a historian which was interrupted due to three breaks - The Great War, Second World War and the...
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