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Analysis of water requirements of the field crops in areas with frequent occurrence of drought.
Zábranský, Petr ; Soukup, Josef (advisor) ; Jan, Jan (referee)
Summary
Water resources are an important part of ecosystems. In the water balance of the landscape, the variability of climate, soil factors, as well as high diversity of vegetation play an important role. Evapotranspiration represents a major passive component in the water balance of the basin. Unlike forests, where the water balance is particularly predictable due to the long-term development of the stands, regular crop rotation in agricultural systems and agricultural practices may cause rapid changes in water balance during much shorter time. It may sometimes result in irreversible changes in ecosystems with impact on landscape biodiversity. An understanding of the limiting environmental factors and exact determination of the water demands of plants makepossible not only an improvement of yield parameters, but it is also condition for understanding of the agroecosystems sustainability in the cultural landscape.
Field measurements of actual evapotranspiration were carried out in the period 2007 to 2015 in Velvary (Budihostice) in the Central Bohemia region, 210 m above sea level in the rain shadow area around Slaný territory. In terms of the average annual water balance (CHMI, 2014), the locality is regarded as the area with the difference between the average annual precipitation and annual potential evapotranspiration totals in amount of -200 mm, so the potential evapotranspiration slightly exceeds precipitation. Field measurements were conducted on commonly managed areas with a minimum size of the experimental plots of 1 ha.
The measurements confirmed differences between the crop water demands during the growing season. Different values of the actual evapotranspiration as well as the Bowen ratio values were estimated for the observed crops depending on the growth stage of crops. The lowest values of actual evapotranspiration were detected for Zea mays and Sorghum bicolor. Higher water demands were shown by Triticum aestivum and Hordeum vulgare. On the contrary, the highest values of actual evapotranspiration were found in stands of Beta vulgaris and Medicago sativa. According to the values obtained for crop coefficients (Kc), the crops of Z. mays, S. bicolor and T. aestivum had about a quarter lower values of Kc compared with M. sativa and B. vulgaris crops in the main growing season. In this work, the daily values of Kc, which are the basic characteristics of moisture requirements for individual crop were determined and can be used modelling of hydrological processes in agro-phytocoenoses. The evaluation of moisture requirement of crops by the water flow in plants (determined by the sap flow method) showed the expected differences between S. bicolor and Z. mays plants. Water use efficiency (WUE) was significantly higher in plants of C4 type (Z. mays and S. bicolor) compared with the rest of observed plants of C3 type (T. aestivum and H. vulgare).
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Methodics of horizontal movements determination of height objetcs by the radar interferometric technology
Antoš, Filip ; Talich, Milan ; Glöckner, M. ; Böhm, O. ; Soukup, Lubomír ; Havrlant, Jan ; Závrská, M. ; Šolc, Jakub
The Methodics provides a user with an instruction for horizontal movements determination of height objetcs by the radar interferometric technology. The horizontal movements of height objetcs are roused by the weather conditions or by the object fundament instability or by influence of intrinsic forces caused by a mechanic component attached to the object. The movements of the height objetcs are measured simultaneously in the whole length of the monitored object. The measurement is continuous with high frequency (up to 200 Hz) and very precise (up to 0,01 mm). It is possible to measure remotely, without need of accesss to the object, when natural reflectors of radar signal are parts of the object's surface. If the body of the object, resp. attached metal parts have poor reflection, metal corner reflectors have to be attached to suitable places on the object. Interferometric radar IBIS-S of Italian production is supposed to be used. Nevertheless, the general recomendations and conclusions are valid for any other radar device of this kind.
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Evaluation of cardiac output by bioimpedance method with patients with pacemaker
Soukup, Ladislav ; Cimbálník, Jan (referee) ; Vondra, Vlastimil (advisor)
This thesis deals with the possibility of using impedance cardiography for calculating cardiac output. Kubicek’s, Sramek‘s and Sramek-Bernstein‘s methods are discussed here. These methods were applied to a data set, obtained by measuring on subjects with implanted cardiostimulators. The subjects’ heart rate was being changed by the programing of cardiostimulators. Thanks to this procedure the measured data were not affected by artifacts, connected with the heart rate change caused by a body stress, or other influences. An influence of heart rate on a cardiac output value based on the statistical processing of the data set was studied.
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High pressure hydraulics in agricultural machinery
Pavlík, Václav ; Kárník, Jan (referee) ; Soukup, Lubomír (advisor)
This bachelor thesis provides an overview of the most used ways of converting kinetic energy into pressure energy and the other way around by using hydrostatic converters. It is focused on the issue of high-pressure hydraulic mechanisms in agricultural machinery. In the next section I focused on getting an overview of the function of sophisticated hydraulic systems in current tractors and calculation of heat losses of lifting weight by front three-point hitch. For solving was used Bernoulli equation for real flow in pipes.
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Business models on deep web
Soukup, Jan ; Šebesta, Michal (advisor) ; Bruckner, Tomáš (referee)
This diploma thesis analyzes the deep web environment with the use of business models from the surface web. In the indroduction part of the thesis summarize terms web, deep web and dark web, these terms are intermingle the entire thesis, also brings the concept on Onion routing with use of Tor software. An inseparable part is the comparsion of tools which can be used for access to the dark web. The main part of the thesis analyzes most used business models on the surface web including their methods of monetization and after that author tries to apply these models in the dark web environment. An importat part of this work is the analysis a type of services occuring on the dark web and mutual comparison of several sub-criteria of each service. In the final part the thesis presents project Turris on which is applied to create a relay node for the Tor network.
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Automation of a data mining process in the road accidents data from London by the LISp-Miner system
Soukup, Tomáš ; Rauch, Jan (advisor) ; Vojíř, Stanislav (referee)
This thesis is focused on the area of automated data mining and to describe steps associated with solving analytical questions using the LISp-Miner system in the data with road accident records. Analytical tasks were primarily created based on domene knowledge from road accidents statistics in Great Britain and from previous analysis in my semestral project. The aim of this thesis is creation of an automated data mining process for analyze the input data by applying 4ft-Miner, Ac4ft-Miner a SD4ft-Miner procedures, and looking for a new knowledge for every single year of the analyzed period. The implementation language is the LMCL language that enables usage of the LISp-Miner system's functionality in an automated way. These created scripts could be used for analyses of another dataset with the same structure or with some manual changes in initial parameters for the quite different data.
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Czechoslovak Arms Industry During the Normalization Period and the Influence of Cold War
Stibor, Jan ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
The main subject of this diploma thesis is analysis of the czechoslovak arms industry during the normalization period. The study gives complete information about the facts, that had most vital influence on the main goals setting , giving arm industry its course and all the consequences of the economic development in the seventies - eighties. It is dedicated mainly to the management system, structure and dynamics of armaments, depending on the cold war development. As Czechoslovakia was included to the soviet sphere of influence, part of the thesis is dedicated to the integration into coalition economic and military political structures. Arms material export to the developed countries is represented by the analysis of international relations with Libia.
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