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Comparing Machine Translation Output (and the Way it Changes over Time)
Kyselová, Soňa ; Svoboda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kuboň, Vladislav (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on machine translation (MT), which has been studied for a relatively long time in linguistics (and later also in translation studies) and which in recent years is at the forefront of the broader public as well. This thesis aims to explore the quality of machine translation outputs and the way it changes over time. The theoretical part first deals with the machine translation in general, namely basic definitions, brief history and approaches to machine translation, then describes online machine translation systems and evaluation methods. Finally, this part provides a methodological model for the empirical part. Using a set of texts translated with MT, the empirical part seeks to check how online machine translation systems deal with translation of different text-types and whether there is improvement of the quality of MT outputs over time. In order to do so, an analysis of text-type, semantics, lexicology, stylistics and pragmatics is carried out as well as a rating of the general applicability of the translation. The final part of this thesis compares and concludes the results of the analysis. With regard to this comparation, conclusions are made and general tendencies stated that have emerged from the empirical part of the thesis.
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Film Adaptation of a Literary Work as a Form of Intersemiotic Translation
Klofáč, Jan ; Špirk, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Svoboda, Tomáš (referee)
This interdisciplinary work which draws on translation studies, semiotics, aesthetics, literary and film science deals with intersemiotic translation. The thesis will attempt to describe, explain and classify this kind of translation within the current translation theory and apply this knowledge to a specific translational situation. This situation is a comparison of an interlingual translation from English into Czech and an intersemiotic translation, which is the film adaptation of the novel. The theoretical starting point of this work is in particular the work of Anton Popovič, followed by Roman Jakobson, Jan Mukařovský, Jiří Levý and Patrick Cattrysse (see bibliography).According to Anton Popovič's theory, literary work and film adaptation can be described as two types of metatext. Semiotically, these metatexts consist of content (story) and form (expression). In the product of translation, shifts can be found at both of these levels and they serve as a source for an in-depth analysis. This thesis does not aim to evaluate but to describe the shifts in the intersemiotic and interlingual translation. The main hypothesis whose validity is supposed to be verified in this work is the assumption that some shifts are common to both types of transfer while others occur only within one of them....
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Heidi by Johanna Spyri and its Czech Translations
Řeřichová, Michaela ; Kloudová, Věra (advisor) ; Svoboda, Tomáš (referee)
The subject of this thesis is a two-part novel Heidi's Lehr- und Wanderjahre (1880) and Heidi kann brauchen, was es gelernt hat (1881) by Swiss author Johanna Spyri and its two Czech translations from 1933/34 and 1971. The theoretical part deals with the author's personality and her work. The original text is then put into cultural-historical and literary context of that time and is examined from literary scientific and linguistic points of view. Subsequently, the thesis describes translation norms of the given time periods, personalities of both translators and briefly presents their translations. In connection with the latter translation, text adaptation and text manipulation issues are also discussed. Further attention is paid to the specifics of translation of children's literature and the reception of both the original text and the translations. The empirical part of the thesis provides a translation analysis of selected parts of the original and the translations and concludes with a comparison of both Czech versions.
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German and Czech Translations of Roy Jacobsen's Novel De usynlige
Krchová, Andrea ; Kloudová, Věra (advisor) ; Svoboda, Tomáš (referee)
The aim of this master's thesis is to create an analysis of the Czech and German translations of Roy Jacobsen's novel De usynlige, which was published by Cappelen Damm in 2013. The first part includes a biography of Roy Jacobsen and a literary analysis of his novel. Translators Jarka Vrbová. Gabriele Haefs and Andreas Brunstermann are introduced as well as interviewed. The mainstay of this thesis is to analyse the Czech and German translations. The analysis is focused on the lexical, syntactic and stylistic level and based on Jiří Levý's theory of a faithful and free translation. Afterwards, the translation methods in both translations are deduced and compared with each other. The thesis presents several topics in the field of publishing practices.
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Star height
Svoboda, Tomáš ; Holub, Štěpán (advisor) ; Žemlička, Jan (referee)
We present a certain family of languages and show that for those languages infinite hierarchy of star heights exists. The proof was first devised by Dejean and Schützenberger. More recently it was reformulated by Sakarovitch, who left some of the parts of the proof the the reader for more careful consideration. This thesis expands on those parts and provides more detailed proofs. We mainly focus on construction of rational expression with the star height of the given language. We also compare the star height and generalised star height and the difference in achieved results for those two similar concepts.
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Zhodnocení faktorů ovlivňujících intenzitu poškození porostů na území podniku Kolowratovy lesy
Svoboda, Tomáš
The work assesses the factors affecting the intensity of damage to vegetation Europen deer and sika deer on the holding Kolowrat forests. The study is to compare the population density of each game species, found less used method of counting dung piles on the strips transect, where the resulting states do not correspond to states of documents supplied by the owner of the hunting grounds. The observed population density is further compared with the number of trees damaged by bark consumption. The result of this comparison is the finding that the damages do not increase proportionally with the number of animals. The work concludes with a proposal of measures to reduce damage, arising out of tree species in the surveyed area.
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Biological behavior of ovarian carcinoma and its relation to therapy
Bartáková, Alena ; Bouda, Jiří (advisor) ; Špaček, Jiří (referee) ; Svoboda, Tomáš (referee)
Structured abstract Hypothesis Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are subpopulations of cells which could contribute to tumor growth, metastasis formation and chemoresistance. CSCs can be detected by surface markers assessed by immunohistochemistry methods. A typical surface marker for CSCs is CD44 (standard form). We assumed, that CD44(s) could serve as a prognostic factor and marker of chemoresistance in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. The aim of study 1. To recruit group of patients with histologically verified epithelial ovarian carcinoma. 2. To evaluate prognostic significance of known prognostic factors in our series of patients. 3. To assess the expression of CD44 in specimens of primary tumors and specimens of implantation metastasis using immnunohistochemistry and analyze their correlation. 4. To evaluate the expression of CD44 in relation to known prognostic factors. To analyze the significance of CD44 expression evaluation for overall survival, disease-free interval and chemoresistance. To find CD44 positivity cut-off by using statistical methods Materials and Methods A retrospective study was performed on 87 patients with histologically verified EOC. All patients were tested for primary tumor specimens, 48 of them were tested with regard to both specimens of primary tumor and implantation...
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Intercultural communication mediated by a PR agency
Jelínková, Petra ; Jettmarová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Svoboda, Tomáš (referee)
This diploma thesis aims to describe comprehensive processes of intercultural communication in a Czech PR agency. The agency's mediation activity is seen in a broader context - not only as the one of a mere intermediary supplying translation and interpreting services provided by local third-party subcontractors, but the one of an active element that co-creates and completes the final shape of these products and services. First of all, we are going to introduce our topic in the context of the existing research made in translation studies, media studies and marketing communications theory. The empirical part of this thesis consists of a case study of a selected Czech PR agency. We used qualitative methods in order to gain data enabling to describe communications processes heading from the client, i.e. a foreign company (seen as the author and primary contracting entity), through the agency (the manipulator) to the translator, and then back to the agency and through its mediation to the primary recipients, i.e. Czech mass media. Besides the description of these processes, subsequently summarized in several basic models, we will also focus on the form of the intercultural communications products, as well as the norms that govern their form. We will use a translation analysis to identify whether these...
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Magical realism in Bohemia and in German speaking countries: A Study to intercultural communication".
Pačisková, Barbora ; Tvrdík, Milan (advisor) ; Svoboda, Tomáš (referee)
In the presented thesis I focused on the translations (specifically between Czech and German) of a particular literary movement, that appeared in the first half of the 20th century - of magic(al) realism. As for the topic and metodological directing of the thesis, it falls within the history of translation. The main aim is to present the original literary production of magical realism in the German speaking countries and in Bohemia and to demonstrate, to what extent the both cultural areas have connected during the existence of magical realism by means of translations. The research is led especially with quantitative respect - I primarily focus on collecting of the originals and their translations (if there are any). By the existing translations I studied mainly the cultural-historical context of their origin and their eventual integration into the literary tradition of the target culture. Finding out the number of existing translations proceeded in form of extensive searches in the national libraries. It shows itself that only ca. one third of the so called magical realist titles was translated from German into Czech so far. From the Czech titles around a half came out in German. Though this thesis cannot be taken as an exhaustive summary of all topics bound with magical realism from the point of...
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