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Personal ownership in Czechoslovakian law in 1964 - 1990
Ebrahimi, Arian ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Šouša, Jiří (referee)
Personal ownership in Czechoslovakian law in 1964 - 1990 This thesis aims to comprehensively describe the regulation of personal ownership in Czechoslovakian law in the years 1964 to 1990. The thesis deals with the origin and development of this property type in Czechoslovakia, including the constitutional aspect of property law under socialism and Soviet law, which significantly influenced the Czechoslovakian law. Emphasis is placed on the description of the historical and philosophical roots of property rights with regard to Marxist-Leninist ideology. The introductory part of the thesis comprehensively discusses the regulation of ownership in key legislation before the year 1964, including both post-war Czechoslovakian constitutions and key laws such as the Civil Code of 1950 (Act No. 141/1950 Coll.) or the Economic Code (Act No. 109/1964 Coll.). The main part of the thesis focuses on the regulation of personal property in the Civil Code of 1964 (Act No. 40/1964 Coll.) as amended before 1990. The text compares the original wording of the Code with the amendment of 1982, which returned to the Code traditional Roman law institutes such as possession or easements. The analysis of key provisions in the Civil Code of 1964 is based on contemporary commentaries, legal textbooks and relevant case law,...
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Army general inspection - competences and influence of the institution in the formative period of the Czechoslovak Army (1918-1924)
Kykal, Tomáš ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Stehlík, Eduard (referee)
The thesis deals with developement of competences and influence of the General In-spection in the formative period of the Czechoslovak Army (1918-1924). First part is dedi-cated to the definition of the term inspection in the European military and focuses on inspec-torates as central supervisory authorities. A concise historical excursion maps their presence in the European military and gives two examples - the Prussian-German and the Habsburg Army General Inspection. The second part follows development of the military inspection in the Czech Legion in Russia. There are two inspectorates dealt as to their competences, their position to military administration and their share on formation of the Czech Legion. The third main part of the thesis is about creation and development of the General Inspection in the Czechoslovakia. It focuses on development of the supreme military authorities, their relations and competences and emphasizes the Josef Scheiner`s position as the Highest Ad-ministrator of The Czechoslovak Army. The following topic reveals the military-political situation, which initiated creation of the General Inspection. Josef Scheiner and then Josef Svatopluk Machar became chiefs of this institution. The conclusion of this part is dedicated to the description of its competences, position, influence...
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Activities Extraordinary People's Courts in the period 1945- 1948
Feniková, Petra ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Šouša, Jiří (referee) ; Knoll, Vilém (referee)
1 Activities Extraordinary People's Courts in the period 1945-1948 Abstract The aim of my dissertation was to evaluate the activities of extraordinary people's courts in the period 1945-1948, which were established on the basis of Decree of the President of the Republic No. 16/1945 Coll. on the punishment of Nazi criminals, traitors and their helpers and on the extraordinary people's courts of June 19, 1945, also called the Great Retribution Decree. Particular emphasis was placed on examining the substance of the defendants' procedural rights in proceedings before these courts. The work, in its first rather theoretical part, descriptively identifies and analyses the procedural rights of offenders, which were associated with proceedings before retribution courts. The large retribution decree itself referred to the application of the then valid Criminal Procedure Code, which was Act No. 119/1873 Coll., Which introduces a new code of the Criminal Court, as amended (Criminal Procedure Code). It was thus necessary to examine which other procedural rights, in addition to those set out directly in the text of the decree, were applied in the proceedings. For this purpose, in addition to legal norms, implementing regulations were used, not only at the level of decrees, but also directives, instructions or...
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JUDr. August Adolf Popelka, President Hácha's Chancellor
Piják, Martin ; Čechurová, Jana (advisor) ; Kuklík, Jan (referee)
This thesis deals with the life and work of doctor of law, JUDr. August Adolf Popelka (1887- 1951), lawyer and official working for the President of the Czechoslovak Republic in years 1919-1945. Part of this thesis is based on a relatively wide range of archive materials from The Archives of The Office of the President of the Czechoslovak Republic. Documentation relating to the chapter dealing with Popelka's trial before The National Court and with his imprisonment comes from The National Tribunal fund in the National Archives. The thesis also examines the family background of August A. Popelka, in particular his father JUDr. Augustin Popelka, head of The Supreme Court, and his mother Ludvika Rottová Popelková, member of The National Theatre in Prague. keywords: August Adolf Popelka, Emil Hácha, The Office of the President of the Czech Republic, Prague Castle, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, The National Court, collaboration
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Social legislation in Czech lands in the years 1918 - 1948
Roubíková, Petra ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Kindl, Vladimír (referee) ; Rákosník, Jakub (referee)
Social legislation in Czech lands in the years 1918 - 1948 Abstract The dissertation deals with the theme of social legislation in the period of 1918-1948. i.e. during the so called First, Second and Third Czechoslovak republic. However, the foundations of the Czechoslovak laws in this area lays in the period of Austrian laws, especially from the second half of the 19.th century. Development of social legislation was directly conected with the existence of a legal regulation of modern municipal self-government and higher levels of self-government. Two very important acts were adopted in this respect: Act No. 18/1862 The empire's code implemented on 5th March 1862 "The Act on Municipal matters" and on 3rd December 1863 Act. No. 105/1863 The empire's code "The act about Domestic rights". For poor relief the "The Poverty act" (Act No. 59/1868 The provincial code) was enacted on 3rd December 1868. Based on the social policies of "stick and carrot" of Otto von Bismarck in Germany, the Austrian Government enacted series of Acts on health and other types of social insurance systems, which were not universal, but had differences for different types of workers and employees, for example for miners, factory workers or white collars. Because the Act No. 11/ 1918 Coll. of laws transferred practically all existing...
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Hubert Ripka - biography (until 1945)
Pavlát, David ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Harna, Josef (referee)
Česká historiografie dosud nevěnovala odpovídající pozornost významnému novináři, historikovi, publicistovi a jednomu z předních představitelů národněsocialistické strany, politikovi demokratického smýšlení, Hubertu Ripkovi (1895-1958). Cílem předkládané práce se proto stalo zachycení života této významné osobnosti českých a československých dějin 20. století. Z důvodu značného rozsahu jeho novinářské a politické činnosti byl za mezník zvolen rok 1945, kdy se dne 17. května Hubert Ripka po šestiletém období exilu vrátil do osvobozeného Československa.
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The Expulsion of Germans from the Area of Šluknov in the Years 1945 - 1947
Jahoda, Štěpán ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Starý, Marek (referee)
The goal of the thesis "Transfer of Germans between years 1945-1947 in Šluknov region" is to analyze processes that started after the end of World War II in the Šluknov region and were directly related to the transfer of Germans from the territory of the Czechoslovak Republic. It closely studies the documentation of the transfer inside the Šluknov region, i.e. it is partly an analysis of the legal form, which was the basis for the transfer and mainly an analysis of the complications, which occurred during the transfer, and the practice of the administration when dealing with these complications. I am working with the documents from the local state archive in Děčín and based on these documents I am trying to closely reconstruct the process of the transfer of Germans from the Czechoslovak Republic. I have focused on trying to get a closer look at the conditions in the collecting camps, where the Germans were awaiting the transfer. I am also addressing the problem of German antifascists and their transfer. The issue of the influence of the need to retain the industrial plants in the Šluknov region in good working condition during the transfer is also examined. At the end I am trying to confront the individual transports to the American occupation zone and to the Soviet occupation zone and also find out some...
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The Trial with K. H. Frank in front of the Extraordinary People's Court
Vozdek, Jakub ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
In my Master's thesis I described in detail the historical process of war criminal Karl Hermann Frank. He was a man who had been influencing the main events in the Czech lands for many years. I divided the thesis in ten chapters. The first chapter is devoted to the personality of K. H. Frank. I tried to briefly describe all the life's milestones of a man justly sentenced to death for his crimes against the Czechoslovak state. In the second and third chapter I focused on two men who played a very important role in the process and extradition of K. H. Frank, Kamill Resler and Bohuslav Ečer. In subsequent chapters I fully dealt with the process itself, from the very start through the daily courses of the trial to the verdict. In conclusion I summarized findings from the process and answer the question about the objectivity of proceedings against the accused.
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The Supreme Administrative Court of Czechoslovakia - its formation and development
Kučera, Miroslav ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Skřejpková, Petra (referee)
This thesis deals with the formation and development of the Supreme Administrative Court of the Republic of Czechoslovakia. Given that this institution in our country was built on similar principles as the previous administrative court in Vienna, there is a part of the work given to the development of Supreme Administrative Court in Vienna and also briefly discusses the development of directions of administrative judiciary in Europe, because only in mutual relations you can understand why after an establihment of the independent Republic of Czechoslovakia, the concept of the Supreme Administrative Court in Vienna used in our conditions as well. In particular, thanks to this and the legislative framework, the Supreme Administrative Court of Republic of Czechoslovakia could be constitued in a very short time after the establishment of the Republic of Czechoslovakia. The following is gradual evolution of the court changes its powers and jurisdiction, including amendments to the Act made about him. In addition, this work also addresses the issue of the seat of the Supreme Administrative Court, staffing its decision-making.
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Legal Development of the Slovak Republic 1939-1945
Krákorová, Martina ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Kindl, Vladimír (referee)
Práce je rozdělena do pěti kapitol. První je pokusem zachytit nejvýznamnější právní momenty, které se staly v období, kdy se Slovákům naskytla možnost vymanit se ze spojení s habsburskou velmocí a zformovat se spolu s dalším slovanským národem v samostatný demokratický stát, resp. zklamání určité politicky aktivní části slovenského obyvatelstva z nenaplněných představ o státoprávním uspořádání v rámci společného československé státu. Tato kapitola pak ve své druhé polovině nabízí přehled událostí, které již bezprostředně vedly ke vzniku prvního samostatného slovenského státu. Druhá kapitola pojednává o mezinárodním postavení nově vzniklého státního celku a především se zaměřuje na poukázání na pouze teoretickou samostatnost Slovenské republiky, která se fakticky nacházela ve vazalském poměru k Hitlerovu Německu, a která si nejen kvůli této skutečnosti vysloužila označení "nacistický satelit". Kapitola třetí je studií slovenské ústavní listiny, pokusem o její charakteristiku a zhodnocení. Vývoj slovenského režimu v letech 1939 - 1945, jeho fašizaci a to "legální cestou", na podkladě celé řady právních norem, které postupně zaváděly totalitní právní pořádek, je obsahem čtvrté kapitoly. Poslední kapitola zachycuje jednu z nejsmutnějších a nejostudnějších skutečností slovenských dějin, protižidovské...
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