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Personality Determinants of Job Crafting
Pospíšilová, Adéla ; Šípová, Ivana (advisor) ; Zábrodská, Kateřina (referee)
The diploma thesis is focused on the relationship between big five personality traits and job crafting tendencies. The aim of the theoretical part is to introduce and explain the concept of job crafting theory and present the current knowledge from the research on big five personality traits and their relationship to job crafting tendencies. The aim of the empirical part is to examine the relationship between the personality traits of openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism, and job crafting tendencies. The theoretical part defines various theoretical perspectives on job crafting and its connection to theories of occupational health. Moreover, the individual big five personality traits and their impact on work behavior and job crafting are described. Empirical data were collected through a questionnaire survey. The results of the empirical part of the diploma thesis indicate a significant relationship between the personality traits of openness to experience, conscientiousness, and extraversion and job crafting tendencies. There was a negative correlation between neuroticism and job crafting tendencies.
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Europeans in the U.S. in light of the 1920 census
Přenosil, Adam ; Velková, Alice (advisor) ; Kulhánová, Ivana (referee)
Europeans in the U.S. in light of the 1920 census Abstract This bachelor's thesis deals with the topic of European immigrants in the United States in the early 20th century. The main objective is to analyze people born in Europe using already processed data for individual persons from the 1920 U.S. census. The population of European immigrants is first studied as a whole and then several national groups (Germans, Italians, Scandinavians, English, Irish, Jews and Poles) are defined and analyzed separately. The main object of the analysis is the sociodemographic structure of European immigrants with a primary focus on sex, age, occupation, urbanization, and literacy. The geographic distribution of European immigrants within the U.S. is also analyzed. In addition, the results of the analysis are compared with specialized literature. Keywords: U.S. census, Europeans, immigrants, immigration
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Methods of Biomedical Informatics in the study of inflammatory bowel disease in children
Čopová, Ivana ; Hradský, Ondřej (advisor) ; Ďuricová, Dana (referee) ; Krupička, Radim (referee)
METHODS OF BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS IN THE STUDY OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE IN CHILDREN Abstract Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are a group of chronic, polygenic diseases primarily affecting the gastrointestinal tract, with an increasing incidence in both adult and paediatric populations globally. These diseases include Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC) and so-called IBD unclassified (IBD-U). Faecal calprotectin (FC) is a marker of inflammation in IBD and its levels correlate with disease activity as defined by clinical parameters, endoscopic findings and histology. Current medical practice is associated with the availability of a large amount of clinical data and the desire to apply it effectively in the medical decision-making process in such a way as to achieve the maximum possible reduction in the risk of adverse disease course and the occurrence of disease- and/or treatment-associated complications. The primary goal of this dissertation is to apply biomedical informatics methods to paediatric IBD in the process of validating FC in predicting disease activity and response to treatment, searching for additional potential predictive factors, and developing prediction models for specific clinical situations. We found that the development of FC levels in the early phase of induction therapy...
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Drugs in municipal wastewaters and their removal
Weberová, Kateřina ; Načeradská, Jana (advisor) ; Kopecká, Ivana (referee)
This research bachelor's thesis focuses on the occurence of illicit drugs in municipal wastewaters and their removal in wastewater treatment plants. The thesis focuses in detail on four psychoactive substances, which are tetrahydrocannabinol, MDMA, cocaine and methamphetamine, and their most commonly monitored metabolites. The work provides an overview of their presence in the aquatic environment and in wastewaters at the influent to wastewater treatment plants. In surface water, substances are found in concentrations up to hundreds of nanograms per liter. Concentrations of drugs at the influent to wastewater treatment plants normally range from tens to hundreds of nanograms per liter, with increased consumption reaching several thousand nanograms per liter. The thesis also focuses to efficiency of removal of selected psychoactive substances and their main metabolites during different stages of wastewater treatment. The findings indicate that the primary treatment is significant for tetrahydrocannabinol, less so for other substances. Tetrahydrocannabinol and its metabolites, in contrast to the other investigated substances, are lipophilic and their sorption occurs on the solid phase of wastewater. High concentrations of cannabinoids occur in sewage sludge, where they can persist in lower...
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Immunohistochemical analysis of the effect of M1043 on endoglin expression in a mouse model of NASH
Kubíčková, Adéla ; Němečková, Ivana (advisor) ; Kudláčková, Zděnka (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department: Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Candidate: Adéla Kubíčková Supervisor of Bachelor thesis: RNDr. Ivana Němečková, Ph.D. Title of Bachelor thesis: Immunohistochemical analysis of the effect of M1043 on endoglin expression in a mouse model of NASH The morphological and functional changes of the endothelial cells of the hepatic sinusoids and endothelial dysfunction occur during nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). It has been shown that the expression of adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1) and endoglin increase in NASH. Endoglin affects the activation of hepatic stellate cells, which attenuate the process of fibrotization. The aim of this bachelor thesis was to detect the expression of endoglin and the adhesion molecule VCAM-1 in a mouse model of NASH after 8 weeks of CDAA diet (choline-deficient and L-amino acid-defined diet). Mice were divided into 2 groups (n=8). The control group was injected with rat IgG antibody (CDAA+rat IgG group) for 4 weeks and the CDAA+M1043 group had anti-endoglin antibody M1043. The analysis of selected proteins expression was performed by immunohistochemical method using avidin-biotin method. The results of this thesis show that there was not any reduction in the expression of VCAM- 1 or...
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Western blot analysis of markers of endothelial dysfunction in mice aorta following high-fat diet administration
Střelcová, Ivana ; Němečková, Ivana (advisor) ; Vitverová, Barbora (referee)
7 2. ABSTRACT Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Title of Thesis: Western blot analysis of markers of endothelial dysfunction in mice aorta following high-fat diet administration Supervisor: RNDr. Ivana Němečková, Ph.D. Author: Ivana Střelcová Background: High dietary fat intake is associated with increased risk of developing various metabolic diseases, including increased cardiovascular risk. The aim of this thesis was to investigate whether the administration of the high-fat diet containing 42 % kcal of fat affects expression of selected markers of endothelial dysfunction, the key mechanism in development of cardiovascular complications. Methods: In this thesis were evaluated changes in the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), endoglin (ENG), endothelin-1 (ET-1), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1). An experimental group of male C57BL/6J mice aged 7 months was fed the high-fat diet containing 42% kcal of fat for 12 weeks. The control group was fed a standard laboratory diet. Western blot analysis followed by detection using a chemiluminescent reagent was used to evaluate the observed markers of endothelial dysfunction Results: The results show that there were no...
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Neurobiology of food addiction
Cíbiková, Sofia Anna ; Novotný, Jiří (advisor) ; Petríková, Ivana (referee)
This work deals with food addiction, mainly its neurobiological basis. The fact that highly processed food high in calories can have effects similar to those of addictive substances has been known for decades, however with the rapidly increasing prevalence of obesity in the last few years, there is more and more research being done in this area. Food addiction very often correlates with obesity and eating disorders, such as binge eating disorder, and naturally has a negative impact on the health of an increasing number of people. Excessive consumption of highly caloric foods causes changes in the neural pathways in the brain, especially those connected to dopamine and the reward system which, similarly to substance use disorders, leads to addiction, which manifests itself in loss of control over the consumption, developed tolerance and withdrawal symptoms. Stress together with various mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety are often factors contributing to the development of addiction. Understanding the similarities between food addiction and substance use disorders can be beneficial for finding an appropriate treatment. Cognitive intervention and therapeutic methods seem to be the most effective, on the other hand strict diets and efforts to make major lifestyle changes often bring...
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