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Design of Infant Incubator
Brávková, Markéta ; Tvarůžek, Martin (referee) ; Křenek, Ladislav (advisor)
The topic of this master’s thesis is design of infant incubator. The thesis concerns own design of infant incubator that meet the basic technical, ergonomical and social requirements and also brings a new look and shape as solution to the main topic. The infant incubator is designed in regard to modern materials and technologies.
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Awareness of mothers about the care of premature baby
Budková, Eliška ; Tomová, Šárka (advisor) ; Nikodemová, Hana (referee)
The bachelor's thesis "Mothers' awareness of premature newborn's care" is focused on evaluating the effectiveness of informing new mothers by medical staff. The essay consists of a theoretical and a practical part. In the theoretical part I first describe the classification of newborns, the differences between a term and preterm newborn. Afterwards the focus is shifted to the description of individual procedures in the care for the preterm infant which includes the delivery room, the ward, physical therapy, hygienic care and nutrition. Information about sudden infant death syndrome is also included In the empirical part, an analysis of a questionnaire survey of 90 respondents from maternity wards was conducted. I was mainly interested in maternal awareness of preterm infants' care. Research shows that mothers are well informed about care. Nurses need to teach mothers more about the risk of developing SIDS.
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Approaches of healthcare professionals toward the ethical aspects of extremely preterm infants' treatment
Šimečková, Barbora ; Růžička, Michal (advisor) ; Povolná, Pavla (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the attitudes of neonatologists and nurses to the ethical aspects of the treatment of extremely immature infants. The aim was to capture and interpret the attitudes of health professionals to the ethical issues of intensive neonatal care and their role in the decision-making process. The data were gathered through qualitative methodology using semi-structured and informal interviews with five neonatologists and five nurses. Data analysis was performed using open coding and data categorization. The results of the research are presented in individual categorical units by interpreting and retelling the received information. In conclusion, the attitudes of health professionals to selected ethical problems and the roles of individual members of the multidisciplinary team in decision-making about treatment procedures are discussed separately. The evaluation of results leads to the formulated recommendations for practice, which include several proposed solutions to the interpersonal problems associated with ethical issues of care for immature infants. Key words: immature infant, medical ethics, ethical decision making, perinatology, nursing, qualitative approach, interviews
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Changes in Bone and Mineral Metabolism and the Role of Vitamin D in Very Low Birth Weight Infants
Matějek, Tomáš ; Skálová, Sylva (advisor) ; Šumník, Zdeněk (referee) ; Kutílek, Štěpán (referee)
Changes in bone and mineral metabolism and the role of vitamin D in very low birth weight infants. Firstly, the aim of dissertation work was to estimate physiological parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels and their relationship with bone metabolism parameters in otherwise healthy preterm newborns with birth weight 1000-1500 g. Secondly, to evaluate vitamin D status in mothers and their very low birth weight infants (VLBW) at birth and at discharge with currently recommended supplementation of vitamin D. Thirdly, to compare clinical outcomes of VLBW infants with 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels ≤ and > 25 nmol/l in umbilical cord blood and finally to evaluate umbilical cord vitamin D as a risk factor for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants. It is a set of prospective observational studies involving immature newborns with birth weight below 1500 g. The parameters of mineral and bone metabolism were analysed in umbilical cord blood and newborn serum and urine during hospitalisation (PTH, 25-hydroxy vitamin D, S-Ca, S-P, ALP, U-Ca, U-P) and in pregnant women before delivery (25-hydroxy vitamin D). Bone mineralization was evaluated by bone densitometry. In a pilot study, from the total 134 examined serum samples for PTH levels the estimated reference range was 1.6 - 9.3 pmol/l. From the...
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The issue of breastfeeding on newborn intensive care unit.
Skuhrová, Kateřina ; Kulhavá, Miluše (advisor) ; Heczková, Jana (referee)
v anglickém jazyce This bachelor thesis examines the topic of breastfeeding in newborn intensive care units (ICUs). Breastfeeding and feeding babies with mother's milk is one of the best and the most natural ways of nutrition after birth. It is irreplaceable and, at the same time, very convenient for the baby and the mother. The thesis focuses on the problem of separating mothers from their babies after birth when the newborns are hospitalized in an ICU. The newborns therefore cannot be in constant contact with their mothers and thus cannot be regularly breastfed. The thesis comprises a theoretical and an empirical part. In the first chapter of the theoretical part of the thesis, I describe the anatomy of the mammary gland, lactation physiology and the composition of mother's milk. The next chapter pays a great deal of attention to the issues related to newborn ICUs where not only prematurely born children are placed, but also children with worsened afterbirth adaptation, hypoxia, infections, various genetic defects and children of drug-addicted mothers. The last chapter is dedicated to the significance and benefits of breastfeeding, pumping and storing mother's milk, and alternative ways of feeding newborns in ICUs. The last part of this chapter addresses the Lactation League, lactation...
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Design of Infant Incubator
Brávková, Markéta ; Tvarůžek, Martin (referee) ; Křenek, Ladislav (advisor)
The topic of this master’s thesis is design of infant incubator. The thesis concerns own design of infant incubator that meet the basic technical, ergonomical and social requirements and also brings a new look and shape as solution to the main topic. The infant incubator is designed in regard to modern materials and technologies.
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Nurse´s Contribution to Trophotherapy of Preterm Newborns in Intensive Care.
KRČMOVÁ, Pavla
The thesis is focused on nutrition of a preterm infant at an intensive care unit from the point of view of nursing activities. A nurse is faced to problems resulting from prematurity state like insufficient sucking, poor coordination of sucking and swallowing, she enters into interaction with parents who are afraid of the life and subsequently of the future of their beloved child. Natural nutrition, preferably with breast milk is irreplaceable in spite of the high development of initial formulas. This is why the mother of the child, who is vital for the newborn?s nutrition, has to be invited into the team. A hundred per cent enteral nutrition is not always possible, parenteral method has to be applied as well. Provision, evaluation and optimization of infant?s nutrition are results of activities of the whole team, i.e. of a nurse as well. The theoretical part of the thesis contains the findings of trophotherapy of a preterm newborn. It deals with parenteral as well as enteral alimentation, its composition and administration techniques. The empiric part lists and evaluates the research results that led to replies to research questions related to nurse?s contribution to trophotherapy of a preterm newborn, to the influence of permanent nasogastric tube on breathing and mucus congestion of the nose as well as to the awareness of nutrition problems among mothers of preterm infants. Measures resulting from the research results and recommendation for further examination are proposed at the end of the thesis. A brochure Preterm Baby Nutrition designed for distribution among mothers at neonatology and perinatology departments and Recommendations for Gastric Tube Introduction belong to the outputs. We should mention that the latter is based on procedures already presented. It was extended by recommendation of the place of introduction with regard to further intention of enteral nutrition administration.
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