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Decision-making practice of the Court of Appeal and the Constitutio Criminalis Josephina (1687-1727)
Vacek, Josef ; Starý, Marek (advisor) ; Kindl, Vladimír (referee) ; Knoll, Vilém (referee)
ROZHODOVACÍ PRAXE APELAČNÍHO SOUDU A CONSTITUTIO CRIMINALIS JOSEPHINA (1687-1727) Disertační práce JUDr. Josef Vacek Keywords: court of appeal; legal history; 17th century; criminal law; decision-making practice; sources of law; early modern period Abstract This thesis deals with the change in the decision-making practice of the Prague Court of Appeal in criminal cases in connection with the new criminal code Constitutio Criminalis Josephina of 1707. The thesis first analyses the current state of research, followed by an analysis of the internal structure of the court, including the mechanisms of selection and recruitment of new councillors. Significant space is also devoted to the relevant legislation for the work of the Court of Appeal and for criminal law in general in the period from the late 16th century, when the Koldin's Municipal Code was published, to the early 18th century, when Josephina was published. The focus of the work is an analysis of the thousands of decisions handed down by the Court of Appeal in criminal cases, in three areas: offences against life, property crime and sexual offences. The basic source were the orthels bücher, books kept at the Court of Appeal, from which decisions (sentences) were recorded, especially in criminal cases - thousands of entries in Czech, German and...
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The Development of the Cult of St. John of Nepomuk to Canonization
Herold, Miroslav ; Petráček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Mikulec, Jiří (referee) ; Royt, Jan (referee)
The cult of St. John of Nepomuk was one of the characteristic features of life in the Habsburg Empire and other European catholic countries in the early modern period. The origins of veneration for the medieval martyr were tied to Prague, to his tomb in the cathedral, to the Metropolitan Chapter. The saint became famous above all for the conviction that he gave his life for the preservation of the confessional secret. With his death he preserved the good name of the Czech Queen Joan, who confessed to him; on the other hand, he is said to have punished those who were disrespectful of his own posthumous reputation and grave. He therefore became an immensely popular defender of honour and reputation, values highly valued in the early modern society. Under the influence of the Prague Chapter, St. John's veneration was taken up by the Habsburgs, the Catholic rulers who ascended the throne of John's torturer, Wenceslaus IV, and John's spiritual daughter, Joan. They venerated the saint as one of the patron saints of the Bohemian kingdom, which they ruled. The recatholicization of this kingdom and its associated countries enabled the growth of St John's veneration, which by the end of the 17th century had already begun to spread vigorously beyond their borders. At the beginning of the 18th century, this...
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Tombstones in the church of St. Jakub in Jihlava
VENCELIDES, Jan
The provided bachelor thesis examines the identification and delineation of the life stories of individuals commemorated at the end of the 18th century by gravestones located within the flooring of the parish church of St. James the Greater in Jihlava. The initial chapter provides a concise overview of the historical context of the royal upper town of Jihlava until the first half of the 18th century. This overview encompasses not only the political history of the town but also delves into aspects of administration and religious development. Subsequently, the thesis explores the history of the parish church of St. James the Greater in Jihlava, addressing both its external and internal features, furnishings, and significant events witnessed by St. James Church throughout its existence. The central segment of the thesis, drawing from the manuscript of Jan Jindřich Marzy, supplementary sources, and specialized literature, endeavors to reconstruct the life trajectories of 22 prominent Jihlava burgher families and other individuals associated with the sepulchral monuments within the interior of St. James Church.
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The Image of Jan Hus in the Early Modern Czech Literature
Hejdová, Tereza ; Andrlová Fidlerová, Alena (advisor) ; Škarpová, Marie (referee)
The work The Image of Jan Hus in the Early Modern Czech Literature tries to map different ways of description of this Czech preacher in selected literary texts from 15th to 18th century, to capture the changes which his image underwent. The chosen authors come from different countries and use different languages, represent different environments, social classes and opinion groups, they also have different education and religion. Individual literary works were assessedby means of comparing the key episodes that are either repeated in the texts, or the author intentionally did not use them. To understand the image of Jan Hus as a whole, also contemporary iconography was taken into account , which in some cases has been taken from other literary texts than those which were compared, so that the image of Hus whereas complete as possible. The comparison of the texts and iconography showed, how accurate the observation of the described scheme was and how the image of Jan Hus was gradually changing. The combination of written and iconographic material from specific time intervals allowed us to observe the gradual change of conceptions of the personality of Jan Hus and events connected with him, because the authors represent the opinion of their ethnic group and time. The image of Jan Hus is therefore very...
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Caves in Bohemia et Moravia Subterranea by Mauritius Vogt (1669–1730)
Rychnová, L. ; Vokurka, Michal
The Manuscript Bohemia et Moravia Subterranea (1729) by Mauritius Vogt reflects the subterranean landscapes and underground spaces based on Athanasius Kircher’s theories. The paper analyses the application of Kirchers’s terminology to the natural phenomena from Bohemia and Moravia. Further, we focused on how Vogt worked with his sources – how far he relied on literature, correspondence, or personal experience.
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Estate members of the Bohemian Land Diets in the years between 1606 and 1610
ZIMOLA, Josef
This master's thesis deals with the noble estate members of the Bohemian Land Diets in the years between 1606 and 1610 and develops the bachelor's thesis. The first part focuses on a brief summary of knowledge about the institutions of the diets and their role in the political system of the time preceding the Battle of White Mountain. The second chapter describes the political background of the years in which the examined diets took place. Parliamentary resolutions emerged directories of the present estate members, which are the key to the most important part of the work - specially the analysis of the composition of the present nobility at the session of the Diets. Data about the present nobles were obtained mainly using the available literature and sources. To the fundamental characteristics of those people belong the estate integration, regional pertinence, wealth, religious orientation, some cultural activities, and mutual relative marriages. The final part of the thesis contains an attempt to define the core of the parliament and compares the results of the research with the findings of the bachelor's thesis. The main goal of the work is mainly to deepen the existing knowledge about persons who defended the interests of the estates on those meetings at the beginning of the 17th century.
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