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Dentists' knowledge of temporomandibular joint problems from the point of view of physiotherapy in the Czech environment
Stupková, Petra ; Buriánková, Jitka (advisor) ; Vokounová, Šárka (referee)
Author: Bc. Petra Stupková Supervisor: Mgr. Jitka Buriánková Title: Knowledge of dentists about Temporomandibular joint dysfunction in Czech area Aims: The main aim of the thesis is to map the knowledge of dentists regarding temporomandibular joint disorders from the perspective of physiotherapy and contribute to improving interdisciplinary collaboration. Methods: The aim of the thesis is to map the awareness of dentists in the Czech Republic regarding the issues of functional disorders in the temporomandibular joint from the perspective of physiotherapy and the state of interdisciplinary cooperation. Furthermore, it seeks to enhance the awareness of interdisciplinary collaboration between these two professions. Results: A survey conducted among dentists practicing in the Czech Republic reveals that they observe a very low incidence of temporomandibular disorders among their patients. Dentists who refer their patients for physiotherapy report the treatment outcomes as unequivocally positive. The most common reason for referring patients to physiotherapy is pain in the area of the temporomandibular joint. On the other hand, the main reason why some dentists do not refer their patients for physiotherapy is the lack of availability of specialized physiotherapists. A significant majority of respondents...
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Myofunctional therapeutic concept in patients with dysfunction of orofacial area
Harudová, Kateřina ; Zahrádka Köhlerová, Michaela (advisor) ; Kejhová, Eva (referee)
BACHELOR THESIS ABSTRACT Author: Kateřina Harudová Supervisor: Mgr. Michaela Zahrádka Köhlerová Title: Myofunctional therapy in patients with orofacial disorders Abstract: This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of myofunctional disorders in the orofacial area and the possibilities of therapy. The work is a case study character and consists of theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part provides an overview of the current knowledge about myofunctional disorders and therapeutic approaches. It covers an anatomy and ontogenetic development of the orofacial area, physiology of speech development, etiology, symptomatology, diagnosis, and possibilities of prevention of myofunctional disorders. The theoretical part also includes an overview of selected therapeutic concepts and part about cooperation with pediatric patients. The practical part demonstrates the use of myofunctional therapeutic concept in the form of case studies of two pediatric patients. A partial goal of the work was create an educational brochure to facilitate self-therapy for parents and their children at home. After studying the literature and applying the concept, it was shown that myofunctional therapy improve muscle tone and motor skills of the lips and tongue, increase tongue muscles strenght, and optimizes resting position of...
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Transformation of functions and meanings of ways of the cross in Western Bohemia in 20th century
Svoboda, Aleš ; Kučera, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Klingorová, Kamila (referee)
The thesis explores the Ways of the Cross and their functions in the Western Bohemian region. The Ways vary in their degree of preservation, which correlates with people's attitudes. The aim is to discuss functions and meanings of the Ways of the Cross in landscape and society of Western Bohemia in the context of changes that took place in the region during the second half of the 20th century. The analysis focuses on political, social, and religious factors influencing these sacred monuments, including their maintenance, restoration, and perception. Emphasis is placed on Czech-German relations and their impact on the Ways of the Cross in the post-war period. The thesis also examines the role of municipalities, civic associations, and volunteers in revitalizing these monuments and integrating them into community life. The research seeks to better understand the historical and cultural changes in the Western Bohemian region and underscore their significance in the current meanings of the Ways of the Cross. Currently, many Ways of the Cross are being restored, with cross-border relations playing a significant role. Simultaneously, new ones are being built, predominantly artistically representing their creators. A substantial portion of the Ways of the Cross in the region is also disappearing or has...
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The effect of a child's hospitalisation on the whole family
Lejnarová, Andrea ; Průšová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Nikodemová, Hana (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the hospitalization of a child and all the factors that affect other family members in connection with the child's admission to a medical facility. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on the child, the perception of illness, the impact of hospitalization on the child, as well as on the family, siblings and cooperation with medical staff. The empirical part is based on a quantitative research investigation and analysis of the data collected. The aim of the empirical part was to find out whether the child's hospitalization affects the family, family life and siblings. A quantitative research method was used using a non-standardized questionnaire of own design, which was intended for parents of children hospitalized in pre- selected wards of Motol University Hospital. 123 completed questionnaires were included in the actual survey. The reserch results of the survey show that parents of hospitalized children do not have sufficient support from the medical staff. The greatest support is provided by the family, which also provides help in the home and with other children. In conclusion, after evaluating the data collected, I believe it is important and could be beneficial to explore this issue in more detail. The results of the investigation will be forwarded to the...
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Awareness and Education of Parents within Postoperative Care for a child with Inserted Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt
Šikýřová, Kristýna ; Průšová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Nikodemová, Hana (referee)
This bachelor's thesis focuses on the topic of parental awareness and education regarding postoperative care for a child with an established ventriculoperitoneal shunt. The implementation of this shunt is a common surgical intervention to treat hydrocephalus. Objective: The aim of the thesis was to provide a comprehensive overview of relevant knowledge concerning the care of a child with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Another objective was to determine how parents of children with the shunt subjectively evaluate their own level of information, and how they perceive the approach of the medical staff, including mutual cooperation. It also sought to identify possible improvements in educational materials related to the issue. The method chosen for processing this work was quantitative research through a non- standardized questionnaire containing 29 questions. The questionnaires were distributed among parents of children hospitalized in the pediatric section of the neurosurgical clinic for children and adults at the 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and Motol University Hospital. The research was conducted from November 2023 to March 2024, with a total of 47 respondents surveyed. The results showed that the majority of respondents, 95.74%, were satisfied with the information about the postoperative...
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Origin and regulation of intraepithelial CD4+CD8a+ T-cells induction by Segmented Filamentous Bacteria
Pacáková, Iva ; Dobeš, Jan (advisor) ; Štěpánek, Ondřej (referee)
Segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) are member of mice intestinal microbiota with very unique life strategy involving tight interaction with the host's intestinal epithelium. This association with intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) induces strong immune response characterized by Th17-mediated immune response. However, recent findings revealed that SFB induce also huge accumulation of CD4+ intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) by the upregulation of MHCII expression on IECs in an IFN-dependent manner. Likewise to SFB, Lactobacillus reuteri was recently found to have a similar capacity of IELs induction. In contrast to SFB, L.reuteri induces IELs through the activation of the Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) by its ligands, which originate from the metabolism of tryptophan amino acid. Moreover, L.reuteri cannot induce IELs by itself and needs a complex microbiota for this induction. However, if these two bacteria can cooperate in the induction of IELs remains unknown. This thesis focuses on the interaction of SFB and L.reuteri in the context of IELs induction and investigates the contribution of each bacteria to the IELs phenotype. Data presented in my thesis indicate that SFB induce accumulation of IELs, however, interaction of SFB and L.reuteri induce full cytotoxic activation and vesicle secretion...
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Geopolitical orientation of Moldova - contexts of the cleavage line in Moldovan society
Janeček, Jakub ; Jelen, Libor (advisor) ; Volný, Vít (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the geopolitical orientation of Moldova. Its objective is to determine whether the country is more inclined towards cooperation with the European Union or Russia. Moldovan society has been polarised in this regard for a long time and recent events, particularly the war in Ukraine, have had a significant impact on its orientation. To achieve the aim of the study, content analysis was used, from which four main topics that divide Moldovan society in terms of the country's geopolitical orientation emerged: the integration of Moldova into the European Union, the war in Ukraine, the issues of identity, internal political division and energy policy. The findings of the subsequent analysis indicate that Moldova is shifting towards the European Union, especially in recent years. However, opinions on the orientation of the country are not unanimous in either the political or the social sphere, and it is in the country's best interest to maintain good relations with both sides. Keywords: Moldova, orientation, Russia, European Union, cleavages
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Os cordis in mammals
Macháčková, Eliška ; Robovský, Jan (advisor) ; Pyszko, Martin (referee)
This thesis focuses on the study of the os cordis, a specific anatomical structure located in the region of the fibrous trigones of the heart muscleIt serves with a high probability as mechanical support for the aorta and atrioventricular valves during the cardiac cycle. As part of the work, the os cordis was analyzed using computed tomography (CT) on a quite large taxa sampling of hearts of various species, obtained mainly in cooperation with Czech zoological gardens. This study also includes a review of published literature. All data obtained from our own research and from literary sources, were subsequently subjected to statistical and phylogenetic analyses in order to identify relationships between the investigated parameters. Considering detected correlations, we could recommned to collect at least these data in future studies: heart weight, volume and density of os cordis. Reconstructions of os cordis evolution detected quite complex evolution of this heterotypic bone. Until now, no study has been published including such an extensive dataset of samples in combination with the use of modern radiological techniques, and therefore this work brings perhaps new perspectives to the issue of the os cordis and thus contributes to the expansion of knowledge about this interesting anatomical...
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Multicriterial Tool for Analysis and Predict Human Thermal Stress
Řehák Kopečková, Barbora ; Soukup,, Radek (referee) ; Kolářová,, Jana (referee) ; Jícha, Miroslav (advisor)
The thesis is concerned with the development of a multi-criteria tool capable of determining, for given input conditions, the most appropriate model for predicting the thermal state of a person in a protective suit, based on developed objective decision scheme. Four heat stress indices or physiological models were selected for the development of this tool: PHS (Predicted Heat Strain), IPHS (Individual Predicted Heat Strain), Gagg's 2-node model and the FMTK model. The algorithms of PHS, IPHS and Gagge were implemented in Matlab. Subsequently, all 4 models were validated against the experimental results. Based on the results of the validations, the applicability of these models for predicting human heat stress was verified. For some models, the applicability conditions were possible to extend. The accuracy of rectal temperature prediction was the main criteria. Furthermore, based on the results of the validation studies, metrics were selected to build an objective decision system. This was used to select the most appropriate model for the given environmental conditions. In the cooperation with SÚJCHBO, the data for model validation were delivered: 140 tests were carried out for 4 protective suits (FOP, Tyhem, Tiger, OPCH) and 4 ambient temperatures (-10, 5, 25 and 35 °C). 12 test persons were involved, 6 male test persons aged 29-53 years, 170-187 cm tall and weighing 69-92 kg, and 6 female test persons aged 28-49 years, 158-176 cm tall and weighing 56-71 kg. In total, 1987 simulations have been carried out using selected models, for different initial values of rectum and skin temperature, and for different estimates of metabolic activity. A look-up table was created to find the most appropriate model for the given conditions according to the inputs to the multicriteria tool via a decision scheme, based on the evaluation of the results of the simulations against the experiments in terms of the MAE (Mean Absolute Error) and the difference between the predicted and measured rectal temperature at the end of the test. Finally, the resulting multicriteria tool was created in Excel, including a graphical interface for entering values.
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Education of Culture Heritage in a Public Space, The Way to The National Theatre
Vybíralová, Kateřina ; Sládková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Havlůjová, Hana (referee)
The aim of the master's thesis is a production and a realization of an educational programme in a cooperation with the National theatre for students at high schools. The theoretical part of the thesis is connected on published books of methodology of education of culture heritage and alternative ways of an interpretation. Thanks to these, the thesis is looking for a possibility of a public space for an education. In the second part is the thesis focused on a historical progression of the Czech professional theatre in Prague during years 1743-1892. Based this knowledge is realizing the educational programme in a public space of the Old Town and the New Town in the vicinity of the historical building of The National Theatre. The educational programme is using methodology descripted in the theoretical part which means a geocaching, an audio guide and a drama education. The practical part of the thesis is finished by reflection of the programme. KEYWORDS National theatre, escape game, audio guide, drama education, public space
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