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Microfinance and microcredit in developing countries
Harmincová, Zuzana ; Zetek, Pavel (advisor)
The main aim of the baccalaureate thesis is to summarize the available knowledge in the field of microfinance and microcredit in developing countries and assess the effectiveness of microfinance institutions sorted by type. The thesis also deals with the increased incidence of moral hazard on both sides of microfinancial services, resulting in a considerable emphasis on barriers to entry the microfinancial market, regulation and supervision of microfinance institutions and an appropriate legislative framework. Despite the fact that previous research works of the impact of microfinance on the standard of poor inhabitants' living are mainly focused on the economic side of the issue, the thesis assesses the impact of microfinance on the other (e.g. social) aspects of life. In accordance with quantity of published research documents, author states higher efficiency declared by non-profit microfinance institutions, as well as greater social benefit of such institutions and organizations.
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The social impacts of the Czechoslovak monetary reform of 1953
Záhradníková, Lea ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
Bachelor thesis discusses the social impact of monetary reform conducted in 1953 in Czechoslovakia and is devoted primarily to the impact on the working class, which was a support base for the communist regime. The thesis is divided into four parts. The first part describes the social and economic background before the monetary reform, the second chapter is devoted to the causes of the reform process itself and includes the analysis of social impacts, which are examined through a change in the standard of living of the whole population. The third chapter focuses on selected part of society -the working class, the conditions of their life and changes in living standard of workers' families after conducting the reform. The chapter also contains an analysis of wage and price changes of the population, which demonstrates one of the most negative aspects of the reform. The last part focuses on the years after the reform with its ongoing influence.
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Effects of unemployment on family life
ŘÍHOVÁ, Terézia
This thesis deals with effects of unemployment of a family member on the family standard of living. The main objective of this study was to comprehensively describe life of a purposefully selected sample of the long-term unemployed and their families. One sub-objective was to describe the extent to which the long-term job loss of an individual affects the way of family life. Another sub-objective was to determine if the unemployed individual is given his/her family support, both economic and psychological. The lives of the unemployed and their families were described through case studies. This thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part of my thesis is devoted to the issue of unemployment, at-risk groups in the labor market, the impact of unemployment on individuals and possibilities to help the unemployed. Another part of the thesis deals with the family characteristics and the impact of unemployment on the family from all aspects of life. The practical part of the thesis involves the thesis objectives, the research methodology and practical outcomes. After the necessary data collection the research was conducted through an interrogation method by the technique of narrative interview. The research sample consisted of six respondents who are registered at the Office of Labour in České Budějovice. The respondents were long-term unemployed men and women over the age of 50 years and long-term unemployed men and women who are parents of children in the preschool and school age. As proved by the research, the long-term loss of a family member job brings about the decline in family income, which leads to a change in the lifestyle and the consequent reduction in living standards. Families of the unemployed, due to their situation, have to re-evaluate their scale of values and think of alternatives to lifestyle. This brings a change to their daily routine, they have to give up some of their hobbies and restrict social contacts. In most cases, however, the family solidarity helps in both mental and economic aspects. The research outcomes may be used as a basis for future researches in this field and further information on the problems of unemployment and its impact on the family can be obtained. This information could be helpful to Offices of Labour for individual work with the unemployed.
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How to heighten the level of living? Comittee ÚV KSČ for questions of the level of living 1963-1968
RÁMIŠOVÁ, Šárka
The Diploma thesis {\clqq}How to heighten the level of living, with the subtitle Comittee ÚV KSČ for questions of the level of living 1963-1968, deals about the standard of living of the people in Czechoslovakia of 1960s. The Sixties is evaluated for high quality of culture. Althought it was not the priority for the political leadership. Therefore neither do I in my thesis. The interest was rather addressed to the material satisfaction of citizen´s needs before their cultural and spiritual demands. The hightening of the level of living happened one of the partie´s priorities. The aim of the work is to get closer to an everyday live of the citizens on the basics of economic and social policy of the state. All foundations of the comitee UV KSC for the questions of life level became the source basement, which were determined to it by another comitee and organs of authority importance interested in it. On the base of the source it was possible to analyse economic and social conditions of Czechoslovakia and reforms before all, wchich above mentioned comitee was proposing. Before all it concerned to changes having the influence on the state of life standard. Population, flat, salary, price, socila policy of the state induce its quality. I ellected population problemacy, flat crisis, economic reforms, role of women, mainly the employment of women, shortening of working time, a question of free time and socilailist family as the crucial topic of the thesis. Politicaly relieved period of the sixties enabled an introduction of a new system of conducting national economy with the outsanding influence on material satiation of the citizens. Simultaneously with economic reform even a short period feeling of freedom came in. Interviews with contemporaries helped to disclose personal impressions of people.
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Unemployment and its Effects on Person Psyche
PROCHÁZKOVÁ, Petra
My thesis is focused on the hot actual topic, which is the unemployment. The aim of the paper is to show the negative impacts of unemployment. Firstly, I am trying to define the unemployment, labour market, participants on this market and active policy of unemployment. In the second part, I concentrate on the negative impact of unemployment which it leaves on the person{\crq}s psyche. I demonstrate the relationship between health and unemployment. Further, I describe the reaction of surroundings on the unemployment. I am also trying to show the possibilities of defence and protection from the unemployment.
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Unemployment and its Impact on Individuals
PELCOVÁ, Michaela
The object of the thesis is to explain one of the phenomena of the Czech Republic{\crq}s modern history: unemployment, an issue with which the whole globalized society of the present has to cope. The thesis aims to draw attention to the impact of unemployment on an individual{\crq}s life, trying to outline the significance of unemployment in our lives and find out how much importance we attach to work and what losing a job means to us.The thesis gives a definition of unemployment, presents its evolution and types and explains national unemployment policy and ways of reducing unemployment. It studies the relations between unemployment and an individual{\crq}s health and deals with the importance of work for people. The thesis concerns unemployment and its social context. It looks at the issues of a loss of social status, a new social role of the unemployed person, his/her lifestyle and socially pathological phenomena occurring as a result of unemployment. In the end, the thesis offers recommendations to people who have lost their jobs.
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The economic development of Zimbabwe from the year 1980 to the present
Lisá, Andrea ; Němečková, Tereza (advisor) ; Kašpar, Václav (referee)
The thesis is concerned with the economic development of Zimbabwe from its proclamation of independence in the year 1980 to the present. It is divided into single decades where it expresses economical and non-economical factors which influenced Zimbabwe. At the same time it is explaining the impact of these factors on the economy and standards of living. At the beginning of its independence Zimbabwe had good conditions for its future development. Through the years the Zimbabwean government has taken several measures and adopted some decisions, which determined the future development of this country. At the same time there were other factors which influenced the development of Zimbabwe. Essential was the issue of social dualism in the society, which was not settled until the year 2000. In 2000 land reform was started in order to remove the dualism, but it had a catastrophic impact on Zimbabwe. Another important factor analyzed in this thesis is for example the Economic Structural Adjustment Program from the 90ties. The thesis is also focused on macroeconomic indicators that fall behind through the years and it explains the reason for their downfall. The whole thesis shows the reasons that made once a country with a good position compared to other countries of Sub-Saharan Africa to a country facing miserable conditions today.
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The motorism phenomenon - The development of motorism in our country from 1987 to the present
Kovářová, Marcela ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
In the present bachelor thesis, I will deal with the development of motorism in our country from the turn of the 19th and 20th century to the present. The issue will be treated from the social-historical point of view. At the beginning of the last century, a car was owned only by the richest class. Nowadays, hovewer, motorism became an absolute phenomenon and almost each family in the Czech Republic own a car. In my work, I will attempt to find out the main factors leading to this development. I will analyse the increasing living standards of the population. I will deal with the increasing density and quality of the road network in our country. Describing the density of the railway network, or bus connection, I would like to answer the question whether they were able to ensure transport and travelling facilities for inhabitants sufficiently, or whether a car represented a necessary possession in this respect. I will follow the development of our car factories (Škoda plants, Tatra Kopřivnice), concentrating on the sales development on the internal market. At the end of this work, I will sum up the main factors of the motorist development. In my work, I will use published sources and the latest specialized literature.
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Impacts of drug trade in select states of Latin America
Kmetíková, Nina ; Písař, Pavel (advisor) ; Lipka, David (referee)
In the introduction of my thesis, devoted to the drug trade in select states of Latin America, I will address the topic of cocaine and its history. This is important for understanding the significance of the drug in the world, and -- especially in Latin America -- for comprehending that in these countries cocaine has such a strong tradition that attempts to prevent the cultivation of coca and subsequent trade with the drug will probably never succeed. I will further examine the economic and social situations in countries of Latin America and emphasize the fact that people there often have no other alternative than to engage in criminal activities, again for the most part related to cocaine. I will evaluate anti-drug policies in select Latin American countries and their effectiveness -- or rather ineffectiveness -- and conversely attempt to describe how great an influence the narco-mafia has on the economics and politics of given states and on their representatives. I intend to focus my thesis primarily on three Latin American states: Colombia, as the largest supplier of cocaine; Mexico, which is the primary transit country, through which drugs travel from Colombia to the United States, and Brazil, where children's gangs connected with drugs form.
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Migration in the EU after its enlargement
Bagin, Tibor ; Tajovský, Ladislav (advisor) ; Váňa, Daniel (referee)
Táto práca sa venuje zahraničnej pracovnej migrácii občanov EU. Sústreďuje sa na Veľkú Britániu, jednu z prvých troch krajín, ktoré otvorili svoje pracovné trhy pre východoeurópske štáty v Máji roka 2004. Krajiny tohto bloku a Poľskou republikou na čele sa nazývajú pod spoločným názvom A8. Práca ukazuje na jednej strane hlavné dôvody pracovnej migrácie, medzi ktoré patrí vyššia životná úroveň, mzdové ohodnotenie apod. Na druhej strane sa ale stať zaoberá aj s druhou stranou fenoménu migrácie, či je to výhodné pre prijímajúce krajiny uvoľniť svoje pracovné trhy. Položí sa v nej veľa konkrétnych otázok ohľadne demografických, fiškálnych, makroekonomických dopadov imigrantov na ekonomiku. Pri rozbore nového imigračného zákona, ktorý vstúpil do platnosti začiatkom roka 2008, sa snaží autor nájsť dôvody nepresnosti a nejasnosti dát momentálne dostupných a používaných v analýzach efektov imigrácie.
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