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Planned parenthood of women in reproductive age
Ikramova, Sitora ; Kulhavá, Miluše (advisor) ; Kocurová, Jana (referee)
The thesis is divided into theoretical and empirical parts. The corresponding chapters of theoretical part are focused on the anatomy of the genital tract of women, the menstrual cycle, fertility and fertile age. Then follows discourse on family planning methods from different points of view (public health, social service, economy and low). Next chapter concentrates on modern contraceptive methods, compares each of them and analyses the advantages and disadvantages of parethood planning methods. The empirical part consists of quantitative research based on a questionnaire survey which was carried out among women of fertile age. The researched group consists of 106 respondents. The main aim of the thesis is to determine whether women in the CR planning their parenthood. The results of the research are showing that more than 77 % of women in reproductive age are planning their parenthood and relatively well can prevent unwanted pregnancies using various contraceptive methods. More than 50 % of investigated respondents prefer method of hormonal contraception. The results of the research are represented by tables and graphs. Keywords: Fertile age, positive planning of parenthood, assisted reproduction, negative planning of parenthood, contraception, abortion, healthy lifestyle
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Abortion in the light of case-law of the European Court of Human Rights
Koubková, Iveta ; Bílková, Veronika (advisor) ; Hýbnerová, Stanislava (referee)
Thesis: Abortion in the light of case law of European Court of Human Rights This thesis focuses on the legal regulation of abortion in selected European countries in order to find single European standard. It concentrates primarily on issues of assessing violations of particular articles of the Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms by the European Court of Human Rights or former European Commission of Human Rights in relation to specific cases associated with abortion. Abortion means the deliberate termination of pregnancy by means of surgery or administration of drugs to induce abortion. Abortion is a major ethical issue that raises number of discussions and disputes. The complexity of the problem is due to the fact that on the one hand there is the mother's right to freely decide to terminate or continue the pregnancy and on the other hand, there is considerable right of the embryo/foetus to life. The whole text of the thesis is interwoven with finding a balance between these competing interests of women and the unborn child based on my own opinion or the opinion of the international judicial body. It analyzes two main approaches, which are pro-choice approach in favour of women's freedom of choice, and pro- life approach arguing that the foetus has right to life. Both approaches...
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Psychosocial intervention for women with perinatal loss
Borůvková, Klára ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (advisor) ; Šivicová, Gabriela (referee)
This dissertation is focused on mapping the needs and development of experiencing the prenatal loss integration process in mothers, whose child died during the second or the third pregnancy trimester or suffered stillbirth. The goal of this dissertation is to suggest optimal intervention, which would prevent the progress of complications in terms of psychological disorders (PTSD, PAS). The theoretical part describes prenatal loss from the aspect of incidence and etiology and the loss of a close relative in general. It also focuses on the specifics of prenatal loss, the topic of crisis and its experience, phases of crisis, definition of the term "psychosocial intervention" and demarcation of its existing forms. This part also offers several perspectives and attitudes to the topic of grief as a process of hard life experience integration. It also describes several phases and problems connected with their fulfillment. The empirical part focuses on surveying the experiences and needs of women, who have suffered with prenatal loss. It also follows the approaches and circumstances, means of support, which helped women to cope with such an experience. It also tries to identify such aspects, which hindered this acceptation or made it more complicated. Research inquiry involves 13 depth interviews, which...
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Demographic differentiation according to community size in Slovakia and the Czech Republic
Pangrácová, Zuzana ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee)
Demographic differentiation according to community size in Slovakia and the Czech Republic Abstract The aim of this work is to evaluate selected demographic indicators in the individual community size in Slovakia and the Czech Republic. The first part is to compare the long-term trends of fertility, abortion, natural increase and infant mortality. The aim is to evaluate changes in the development of selected indicators during the common republic and the establishment of independent states. The basis of this work is the analysis of fertility and mortality since 2000 in the community size of the Czech Republic and Slovakia, but also a comparison of selected indicators of community size between independent republics. Keywords: community size, fertility, abortion, mortality, temporary life expectancy, demographic differentiation, Slovakia, Czech Republic
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Changes in reproductive behaviour of the Czech population after 1990
Polesná, Helena ; Kocourková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
Changes in reproductive behavior of the Czech population after 1990 and their causes Abstract The aim of this work is to record and assess changes in the demographic behavior of the Czech population since 1990 and then try to discover their causes. The Second Demographic Transition theory is used to compare these changes with the course of those that took place in Western countries represented in this work by the Netherlands. The analytical part documents the development of fertility, abortion, marriage and divorce behavior in the Czech Republic and the Netherlands since 1950. Part of this work, which is aimed at identifying causes of changes, deals with changes in the value orientations of Czech and Dutch population between 1991 and 2008. The results of the European Values Study were used. The attention is focused on the change of values and attitudes relating to marriage and parenthood. Based on the results, we conclude that the changes taking place in the Czech Republic are similar in nature to those, which are typical for Western European countries. The causes of these dramatic changes were found in the combined influence of structural and cultural factors. Keywords: Second Demographic Transition, values, fertility, abortion, marriage, divorce, demographic behaviour
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The position of the Supreme Court in the American political system and the significance of its decision-making for the political procedure in the USA.
Zástěra, Martin ; Pithart, Petr (advisor) ; Kysela, Jan (referee)
The thesis "Role of the U.S. Supreme Court in American system of government and the importance of Court's decisions for the political process in the United States of America" deals with the institutional role U.S. Supreme Court has in American system of government and puts emphasis on Court's decisions and their practical consequences on the politics in the United States. In history of the country the Court was an influential decision-making body on many occasions. Although shortly after the federation was established many intended to put the Court in position where weak powers given to it would not enable the institution to fully play its role of the guardian that keeps an eye on the constitutionality of adopted laws, at the beginning of the 19th century the Court found its place and became exactly what it was originally intended to be. Decision in Marbury v. Madison gained the Court the crucial power of judicial review. The power of judicial review completely changed the role of the institution that finally became the guardian of the Constitution. This thesis outlines the institutional position of the judicial branch and especially the position of the Supreme Court in American system of government. It also focuses on the political aspects of the nomination process of Supreme Court Justices and...
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Childlessness in relationship to the family behavior in the Czech Republic
Hon, Filip ; Langhamrová, Jitka (advisor) ; Miskolczi, Martina (referee)
This Bachelor thesis analyzes the childlessness, some other selected indicators related to the family behavior in the Czech lands and their context in the various historical stages. Its main objective is to assemble a compilation of census data about childlessness from 1930 in age groups, which is not available anywhere. At the beginning there is a chapter devoted to theoretical matters, followed by the analysis of the selected periods. At first, there is analyzed the first half of the twentieth-century, at least for the years where data are available. This chapter is finished by population census in 1950, because since then it do not cause too many effects of WWII on demographic behavior and are beginning to rather show effects of the new socialist state system, which are described in the following chapter. The last chapter is devoted to the period from the Velvet Revolution to the data, which was the latest available when this thesis was written.
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Socio-economic importance of family and trends in family behavior of the population of the Czech republic and Slovakia
Rousová, Petra ; Cséfalvaiová, Kornélia (advisor) ; Antovová, Michaela (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the concept of family and its current status in life of the people in the Czech republic and Slovakia with focus on young people. Bachelor thesis is divided into three main chapters. The first chapter defines the concept of family in perspectives of different authors, it describes its functions, forms, its historical development and current socio-economic environment. The second chapter focuses on demographic development of indicators of marriage, divorce, birth, fertility and abortion. It includes the prognosis of future development. Demographic analysis is made from 1960, through 1993 with the population prognosis. On the basis of demographic indicators it describes current trends in family behavior. The third chapter is devoted to family policy in both countries and to the state support for families with children. This bachelor thesis tries to describe the situation of families in the Czech republic and Slovakia, compare the differences, and to estimate their possible future development.
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