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Discourse analysis of childbirth in the Czech media
Suchánková, Markéta ; Kabele, Jiří (advisor) ; Šanderová, Jadwiga (referee)
The thesis focuses on the analysis of a dispute regarding home birth and discourses associated with it. The thesis focuses on the analysis of a dispute regarding home birth and discourses associated with it. The thesis focuses on the analysis of a dispute regarding home birth and discourses associated with it. Choice of location and proces sof giving birth in czech environment remains very limited and domestic deliveries are subject of controversy among professional medical community and state institutions on the one hand and midwives, civil movements and comitted mothers on the other hand. Theme divides laical and expert public. It's established through discourses, reflect the views and opinions of the two quarreled groups - supporters of medically controlled childbirth and supporters of natural birth. In the context of media reporting can be identified two main streams of discursive formations, scattering of concepts, thematic choices, objels and modalities of coming to the statement - medical discourse and natural discourse. The controversy both discourses in the Czech media escalated with court case with midwife Ivana Königsmarková, who in 2009 assisted at home birth that ended tragically - serious damage and subsequent death of a child. Just on the case of Ivana Königsmarková and its...
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Burden-Sharing in NATO: A Discourse Analysis
Šamonil, Ondřej ; Ditrych, Ondřej (advisor) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee)
This diploma thesis analyzes the phenomenon of NATO burden-sharing. Due to late security crises in Europe, such as Crimea crisis, the never-ending alliance issue has been encased in new dynamics. This new dynamics supposedly threatens the long preserved status quo and can even lead to the breakup of the alliance. The thesis uses methodological framework prescribed by Lene Hansen. This framework draws heavily on work from David Campbell and his Writing Security. For the successful analysis, we first designate our inter-textual governmental field in which we then try to observe the repeating ideational/argumentative norms of the respective discursive actors in the alliance. We also divide our research field into two time units: the 1990s era and events after 9/11. Interpretation of the behaviour of certain members shows establishment of a several interconnected centres of argumentation, which somehow coincides with the three largest European members of NATO. The thesis also shows, that these argumentative actors tend to transform their argumentative structures along with the changing environment and context. For better understanding, the work encompasses the short-term, intensive burden-sharing situations, like NATO interventions, but also debates on long-term institutional solutions, which are mostly seen...
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Critical media pedagogy - theoretical underpinning and contribution to media education
Valenta, Petr ; Sak, Petr (advisor) ; Havlík, Radomír (referee) ; Kartous, Bohumil (referee)
Critical media pedagogy - theoretical underpinnigs and contribution to media education Dissertation Mgr. Petr Valenta Keywords critical theory, critical media pedagogy, media literacy, critical pedagogy, media, ideology, discourse, power, symbolic power, knowledge Abstract The theoretical dissertation analyzes the traditional media education model issues, which derives from the orientation of media literacy on the dominant paradigm of media effects research in media studies. Media education takes the "media effects concept" and uses it to organize its own teaching practice. Theoretical dependence on media studies and the concept media effects leads media education to protectionism and normativity, which is reflected in the directive establishment of knowledge, skills and values pupils may acquire. This situation has negative effect on efforts of developing critical media thinking as independent on social authorities. Moreover, media education potentially reproduces the dominant modes of knowledge about media and society, without revealing them as social constructions. The theoretical basis for changing the paradigm of media education to become more critical and transformative practice able to form the student's personality as an autonomous, critical- thinking and committed citizen is presented in the second...
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Discursive construction of a new identity of the regenerated urban space: the case of waterfront in Bratislava
Juhász, Matej ; Sýkora, Luděk (advisor) ; Šuška, Pavel (referee)
Waterfronts in post-socialist cities have became under the influence of post-socialist transformations an areas of conflict, which are full of contradictory pressures based on the different actors and their views. This diploma thesis deals with plans and waterfront regeneration projects in Bratislava from the perspective of discursive practices and representations of investors, developers, city government and citizens. The work also examines the role of the actors involved in the formation of new identities of regenerated areas via different representations. It focuses on the process, which leads to the formation of new identities in the plans and projects of waterfront regeneration. The work uses an qualitative analysis of planning documents and discourse analysis of different web resources. It examines both the process of discursive construction of place through a variety of discursive practices and offers an insight into the backstage relationships of actors involved. Keywords: discourse, representation, identity, Bratislava, waterfront, regeneration
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Discourse analysis of creation of public space in Prague
Hladík, Zdeněk ; Matoušek, Roman (advisor) ; Pospěch, Pavel (referee)
The central idea of this diploma thesis is perception of public space as something unnatural. Its existence and functioning is affected by its users. However, in society there are many interest groups, which have some requirements on public space and try to imprint theirs notions into it. One such attempt could be document Strategie rozvoje veřejných prostranství hl. m. Prahy/ návrh, which presents itself as revolutionary document of development, that its content should be in accordance with interests of community. But is it really so? Accepting the principles of social constructivism and using discourse analysis as main research method we should be able to say 1) how in this document is presented public space of Prague and its creation and 2) how visions of this document (its authors) are distinct form public discourse. The result of this diploma thesis should be to determine whether the content of document is really written in accordance with interests of inhabitants of Prague and if it's really so unique, as it says. Key words: City, development, discourse, discourse analysis, IPR, public space, Prague, social constructivism
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Between Subjectivity and Object: Self in the Discourse of Modern Japanese Literature
Cima, Igor ; Tirala, Martin (advisor) ; Weber, Michael (referee)
(in English): This thesis is devided into three parts. In the fist part, the development of literary discourse in Japan between Meiji and postwar period is described, with emphasis on the development of literary character and Subject in a work of literature. The second part theoretical apparatus for studiying and analyzing literary character is introduced, using contemporary literary theory. In that part relationship between literary character and its subject is also included. In the third part, these findings are applied on a specific literary works of Japanese postwar literature, on which development and changes of literary character are observed. The three analyzed works here are Kamen no kokuhaku by Mishima Yukio, Tanin no kao by Abe Kōbō and Man'en gan'nen no futtobōru by Ōe Kenzaburō.
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Changes in Thinking About Science: Parallels of M. Foucault's Concept of Episteme and T.S. Kuhn's Concept of Paradigm
Řeháček, Pavel ; Balon, Jan (advisor) ; Janas, Martin (referee)
This work is focused on introduction of two science theorists Michel Foucault and Thomas S. Kuhn and their concepts of science itself. The crucial concept of Michel Foucaults work is the episteme which can be understood as epistemological field which knowledge is enabled. Foucault puts this concept into the field of archaeology of knowledge which is a methodological tool for his research. Further in the work the term discourse is explained which is used as an information value of certain epoch. This work also structures Foucaults three historical times of episteme which are interdivided by discontinuities. In Thomas S. Kuhn perception the paradigm is the key concept. This concept is the pattern of scientific research of particular historical period and represents values and approaches to research. Paradigm works in normal science as a cycle in which the cumulation of problems - anomaly - is present. When the science reaches the point where explanation of anomalies is impossible the revolution of science takes place and the whole cycle starts again. The last part of this work compares these two crucial concepts.
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The discursive construction of an image of women in the nation
Prokůpková, Vendula ; Jiroutová Kynčlová, Tereza (advisor) ; Nečasová, Denisa (referee)
The topic of this thesis is the discursive construction of an image of women in the Czech nation during the 70th-90th of the 19th century. In this period the process of nation-formation s culminated. There were also extensions of national ideology across all social strata of the Czech population in this time. The subject of research is defined to the sphere of liberal discourse. The subjects of analysis are articles in contemporary national-liberal press, namely newspaper Národní listy. As the analysis method for this survey was chosen the critical discourse analysis. Main questions, this thesis answers, is the way how is the image of women as a member of the Czech nation constructed, the subsequent development of this image and the construction of the differences between the Czech and German women.
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Michel Foucault: The Term "Economy" in the Work The Order of Things
Mareš, Richard ; Marcelli, Miroslav (advisor) ; Švantner, Martin (referee)
The thesis interprets the development of Foucault's thinking and within The Order of Things it subjects the whole concept of economy to critical reflection and defines the structure and dynamics on which the term is built. My work progresses from the abstract issue of Foucault's thinking to specific theories related to the topic. The first part is focused on the key changes and breaks across the author's thinking and work and forms the basis for a comparison of The Order of Things with a broader view of Foucault's thinking. Then I follow with economic theory basis in The Order of Things and define terms such as monetary theory, value theory, wealth analysis and other that are directly connected with economic issues. I focus on authors of economic theories who have influenced Foucault's thinking or are differently connected with my explication, e.g. Adam Smith, David Ricardo or Karl Marx. In the final part of the thesis I compare Foucault's thoughts and conclusions with the philosophy of Louis Althusser in his book Reading Capital which is based on Karl Marx's theories. The focus is mainly on the interpretation of modern episteme which is in The Order of Things directly related to the term of economy. I introduce common and different attributes of Althusser's and Foucault's thinking and present my...
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Discourse and construction of new identity of place in locality development: a case study of the Victory Square in Prague
Procházková, Alena ; Sýkora, Luděk (advisor) ; Pauknerová, Karolína (referee)
In the cities locality development tends to be the object of conflicts and negotiations of different actors with varied interests, e.g. investors, developers, municipal leaders and citizens' associations. It is possible to find among these participants a wide range of strategies and preferences, often including a visual presentation of the urban projects. This diploma thesis centers on the completion of the Victory Square, which according to the master plan of Prague should be a secondary center and it should be the main square of Prague 6. Currently completion projects for the Victory Square are discussed with a significant amount of opposing debate on their intended use, their purpose and also their design. The aim of this paper is to (1) analyze the present-day role of the unfinished Victory square in the center system in Prague, (2) ascertain who has an interest in the completion of the square and what methods are utilized to present their goals, with particularly emphasis on construction of a new identity of the space, and (3) discuss who has the ability to influence the final result considering the different roles of private investors, municipality and citizens. This thesis will try to identify the role of capital, residents, and discourse as influential actors in the reconstruction process...
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