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Differentiation of teaching at lower primary school - school case study
Betkowská, Nicole ; Krčmářová, Tereza (advisor) ; Hejlová, Helena (referee)
The thesis focuses on differentiation, which is currently a highly discussed topic in connection with inclusive education. Teachers are expected to adjust their way of teaching to the individual needs of students in heterogeneous classrooms. The aim of this thesis is to examine various differentiation strategies and methods, which teachers could use and moreover, to discover whether the methods are being applied to education scheme in a private primary school and if so, then in what ways. The theoretical part introduces the terms differentiation and individualisation and in addition, explores teaching strategies and methods supporting differentiation together with allowing for the individual students' needs. The empirical study investigates the use of differentiation strategies among private primary school teachers. Qualitative research is based on in-depth interviews with teachers, which were conducted right before and after detailed in class-observation of their teaching. The research discovered that out of various differentiation strategies and methods, which were introduced in the theoretical part, the majority of observed classes were focusing on group work and critical thinking. It was clear that in practice, the internal differentiation prevailed over the external one together with working...
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Motivation of young people to enter into marriage
Chytrá, Valérie ; Hasmanová Marhánková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Mazáková Šetinová, Markéta (referee)
In the last thirty years, significant changes in demographic behaviour took place in the Czech Republic. This thesis focuses on the current form of family behaviour, namely marriage, for young people who have married at a relatively younger age than is currently common. The nature of the marital relationship is viewed and critically reflected through the lens of individualization in the work of A. Giddens and U. Beck. In addition to marriage itself, the work deals with its position among other transitions of young adulthood, and thus the shape of the life course of young people. The research of this work was performed by a qualitative method and technique of semi-structured interviews. It is concluded that marriage has primarily a symbolic meaning, but its practical consequences are also important. The main meaning of marriage is the formal confirmation of the partners' commitment to each other. The marital commitment serves as a means of communication between the spouses themselves, as well as between them and their social environment. The specific age situation given by the relatively lower age of marriage is mainly reflected in the feeling of the existence of certain age and adulthood norms, which, however, are no longer binding, and if they do not match the value orientation or economic...
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Experimental education in first Czechoslovak Republic. At the example of schools in Michle, Nusle, Hostivař
Svobodová, Veronika
The topic of my thesis is experimental schools in Prague Michle, Nusle and Hostivař. It tries to shed light on the circumstances of the birth and end of these schools and to determine their characteristic features. Emphasis is put on the social aspect of experimentation and its close relation to the environment of the First Czechoslovak Republic. Inspiration by modern pedagogical theories is taken into account. The thesis traces the lives of several teachers. As sources were used not only archives but also a series of interviews with graduates of these schools. It aims, on the basis of a comparison of written and oral sources, to give a complex image of experimental education in Czechoslovakia at the time of the First Republic and the Protectorate. Last but not least it tries to answer the question whether experimental schools can contribute to today's education.
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Job description of school special educator
Hanslová, Kateřina ; Bartoňová, Miroslava (advisor) ; Hádková, Kateřina (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the activities of a special educator at a regular elementary school. Thesis is interested in his position and role in the school, his competence or job description and how other pedagogical staff treat his work at the school. The theoretical part of the thesis defines the legislative anchoring of the profession of special educator and the whole system of education. The thesis defines the methods and forms of work that are most suitable in the education of pupils with special educational needs. The thesis also provides an insight into the consulting system and its specifics with an emphasis on the functioning of the school consulting centre. The empirical part of the thesis consists of mixed research. It is based on the evaluation of a questionnaire survey, which examines the opinions of teachers on the work of the school consulting centre and above all opinions on the position of a special teacher at the school. The questionnaires were distributed to teachers and teacher assistants and asked what benefits and shortcomings they see in the work of the school special educator and how they think they work with pupils, their parents and other teachers. The questionnaire survey is supplemented by an interview with a special educator, who offers the opinion of a school...
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The novice teachers' dilemmas associated with inklusive education
Gruberová, Lucie ; Krčmářová, Tereza (advisor) ; Horská, Petra (referee)
My thesis deals with the readiness of starting teachers for inclusive education. The aim of this thesis is to identify concerns of starting teachers regarding inclusive education that could arise in their future practice. The theoretical part of the thesis clarifies concepts such as the starting teacher, inclusive education, integrated education and also pupil with special educational needs. Further the competencies of starting teacher and the requirements that are needed for them after starting practice are described in this part. The theoretical part also describes the readiness of school for inclusive education and what does the Czech republic support system looks like. Important milestones in Czech legislation that affect inclusive education are very briefly mentioned in this part. Within the empirical part of the thesis a research survey in the form of qualitative interviews was used. The main aim of the questions and subsequent answers was to find out what are the most common concerns of starting teachers or what would make them feel more prepared for the job. These interviews were conducted at different time intervals with the same starting teachers. The results of the research are processed in the form of answers to research questions and afterwards compared with each other as well as with...
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The effect of agonist and antagonist disets on submaximal bench press
Zeman, Ondřej ; Šťastný, Petr (advisor) ; Petr, Miroslav (referee)
1 Abstract Title: The effect of agonist and antagonist superset on submaximal performance during BP Objectives: The aim of this work is to determine the differences in effect of different types of sets and order of individual exercises on submaximal performance in BP, with resistence of 4RM and 4-minute rest interval. Methods: In this work, a method of experimental research combined with a method of analysis was used. Method of a randomized experimental research was applied during the achal research with non-changing conditions. Later, the collected data were analysed and evaluated using the MBD method of analysing. Results: The results of this work are significant changes in numbers of performed sets of BP during KON, ANT and AGO schemes, with AGO having a negative effect of -38% of performance when compared with KON scheme with 100% probability. ANT, on the other hand, showed a positive effect of +20% when compared to KON scheme with 95% probability. The results of this work suggest that using AGO is a good method to increase submaximal performance in BP. Keywords: agonist, antagonist, volume, hypertrophy, individualization, physical intervention
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Strategies and resources of help of assistant to student in learning
Žánová, Tereza ; Tomková, Anna (advisor) ; Krčmářová, Tereza (referee)
This thesis is about strategies applied by the teaching assistant and his tools of help in connection with the pupil in the learning process. The theoretical part includes the following themes: the inclusion, the position of teaching assistant and the pupils with special educational needs. The practical part of thesis solves the problems of two individual pupils with special educational needs visiting the first grade of elementary school. This part aims at searching and reflection of effective help from the teaching assistant to the pupil. The practical part is based on an action research that is divided into two parts. Each practical part is dedicated to one pupil. The first part of the action research dedicated to pupil J. solves a problem with pupil's seisures and his return to the learning proces. During the research, it has been observed that the pupil is returned to the learning proces through the quiet handling of teaching assistant connected with an eye contact. The second part of the action reasearch is dedicated to the pupil P. The problem of low self-confidence and often giving up of his work before its completion is solved in this part. In this case the tool prepared in cooperation with the teaching assistant and the class teacher seems to be effective. This tool helps the pupil to...
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Application of a portfolio for the third-year primary pupils self-evaluation
Veverková, Andrea ; Starý, Karel (advisor) ; Poche Kargerová, Jana (referee)
Diplomová práce pojednává o využití portfolia pro sebehodnocení žáků ve třetím ročníku, které by mělo plnohodnotně sloužit k běžné diagnostice ze strany učitele a dále by mělo plnit funkci zpětné vazby pro žáka a rodiče při sledování jeho výsledků a pokroků. Teoretická část práce se zabývá vymezením pojmu sebehodnocení a práce s ním v jeho širším kontextu, zejména ve vazbě na hodnocení žáků a diagnostickou činnost učitele. Cílem diplomové práce je na základě teoretických poznatků a výzkumných dat navrhnout a zavést taková opatření, která by posunula stav již existujícího portfolia a sebehodnocení na kvalitativně vyšší úroveň jak po stránce obsahové, tak i v samotném po stránce obsahové i v samotném způsobu práce s ním. Pro dosažení stanoveného cíle byla zvolena metoda kvalitativního výzkumu, která je vymezena a interpretována ve výzkumné části práce. Klíčová slova: sebehodnocení, žák, hodnocení, individualizace, kritéria, motivace, portfolio žáka, zpětná vazba, zapojení rodičů Abstract This dissertation work deals with the use of a third-grade self-assessment portfolio for students, which should be used for normal diagnostics by the teacher and should serve as a feedback for students and also for parents in monitoring their results and progress. The theoretical part deals with the definition of the...
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Etnography of diet and cathering at home for elderly people
Žůrková, Jaroslava ; Novotná, Hedvika (advisor) ; Růžička, Michal (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the issue of catering in the home for elderly people in Prague. The topic is reviewed from a socio-cultural point of view. The main objective is to penetrate the world of diet and catering of seniors living in a total institution, which is characterized by specific features affecting the rights and personal freedoms of its clients. The home for elderly people is committed to comply with the statutory regulations of the Social Services Act as well as its own internal guidelines, while the compliance with legislation and various aspects of catering, including dining, eating, the environment in which food is consumed, as well as those participating in preparation and serving of meals is negotiated at a committee. The relationship between the layers above is captured by an ethnographic study that gives an overall picture of the catering process with all its specifics. Research has revealed that the catering process is becoming an individualized activity at many levels, enabling clients to make autonomous decisions about the process. Nevertheless, staff and clients are aware of limits that prevent individualisation. Key words: diet - meal - catering - senior - total institution - ethnographic study - individualization
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Differentiation and individualization of teaching gifted with ADHD at primary school
Horová, Edita ; Krčmářová, Tereza (advisor) ; Poche Kargerová, Jana (referee)
This master thesis aims to introduce and describe effective strategies and teaching methods that teachers of gifted pupils with ADHD use and during which the different educational needs of these learners are taken into consideration. This thesis also presents how faculty primary school teachers apply these strategies and teaching methods in integrated and segregated forms of education focused on gifted pupils with ADHD. The theoretical part of this thesis summarizes findings about the issues of differentiation, individualization, talent and teaching strategies of gifted pupils. It also deals with a specific group of gifted pupils with ADHD which are classified as twice-exceptional learners. Therefore, there are also described the recommended strategies for the education of pupils with ADHD. Based on the study of Czech and foreign literature, this thesis delimits strategies and teaching methods which are suitable for gifted pupils with ADHD. The practical part of the thesis is a qualitative research done by analysing the observed lessons in classes with gifted pupils with ADHD, and subsequent in-depth interviews with the teachers of these pupils who teach in an integrated and segregated forms of teaching. This thesis tries to find out what strategies and teaching methods these teachers choose during...
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