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Comparison of economic and environmental aspects of waste management in selected municipalities of different sizes
HAVLOVÁ, Marie
The industrial development of our society pushes waste management into becoming an important part of both the economy as well as the environmental protection. It is essential to reduce the amount of waste which is being deposited in landfills without any further use. In the next 10 years it is necessary to completely eliminate waste disposal of the reusable waste and especially of the mixed municipal waste. This thesis focuses on the waste management of various types of municipalities. It aims to provide optimization of waste management, in the connection with economical and technical possibilities of various types of municipalities. This thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part describes the issue of waste management in the course of history. It shows the various methods of waste disposal and describes the economic and environmental aspects and impacts in general. It briefly summarizes the development of waste management legislation. The second part of this thesis is focused on the analysis of waste management in selected municipalities. Twelve towns in three groups of different sizes were chosen. A survey of waste disposal and the influence of the size of the town and its technical options on the waste management was conducted. The results showed that municipalities have substantial reserves in reducing the amount of waste going to landfill and also in the practical use of waste sorting. In the conclusion of this thesis suggestions to optimization of waste disposal are being presented.
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Výzkum možností rozšíření informovanosti obyvatel při nakládání s odpady ve městě Jihlavě
Silvestrová, Pavlína
The purpose of my disertation work was a research of possible ways how to inform residents of Jihlava about waste management in the city. At the beginning I dealth with the current legislation and explained basic terms associated with waste management in the Czech Republic. In the second part of my work I dealth with a current situation in the mentioned area. I made an overview of a waste management system and described the latest innovations in this field. I conducted a research of awareness using short surveys among residents and schools. After a statistical evaluation I proposed a campaign in order to improve waste management in Jihlava. I processed the innovations in a form of colored posters, flyers and summary tables. In order to raise the awareness among residents I choose an advertising in a local press and a website of the city. In the end of my work I verified proposed procedures and evaluated first experiences.
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Properties of polyethylene blown-films dependent on their composition
Štaffová, Martina ; Poláček, Petr (referee) ; Tocháček, Jiří (advisor)
This work deals with the influence of quantity of recycled material on physical properties of blown-film. The task of this work is to prepare set of laboratory made films with amount of LLDPE granulate from 0 to 100 % with addition of LDPE recycled material and furthermore with addition of filler, calcite. The following methods were used for characterization of blown films: tensile test, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy. The same measurements were performed also on industrial made blown-film.
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Udržitelné stavění cestou recyklace
Dobrovolný, Petr
Building industry´s high demands of energy and raw materials lead to a number of negative impacts on the environment and economy Considering the needs of sustainability, it is desirable to reduce the raw materials consumption and waste production. Using the principles of recycling and reuse of building materials can provide effective tools for achieving the goals.
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Scissors for metal waste
Zborník, Radek ; Komenda, Lukáš (referee) ; Brandejs, Jan (advisor)
This thesis is focused on the innovation of already made hydraulic shears which are primarily used for cutting metal waste to a prescribed size. The aim is therefore to solve the problem of the bending of the shearing arm, the optimization of the number of cycles and thus increasing the efficiency of the shears. Part of the thesis will be also dedicated to energy savings. The secondary purpose is to familiarise the reader with the material cutting process using the shears – equipment used for cutting scrap metal, partial production of metal alloys, and to highlight the importance of metal recycling. The thesis includes a drawing of the assembly of the hydraulic shears.
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CONSTRUCTION DETAILS FROM SECONDARY RAW MATERIALS USED FOR BUILDING ENVELOPE
Smolka, Radim ; Rybárik,, Ján (referee) ; Schmid, Pavel (referee) ; Šinogl,, Jiří (referee) ; Matějka, Libor (advisor)
One of the important reasons for the choice of the thesis topic are increasing requirements from the persons interested in low-energy, passive or even houses with almost zero energy consumption. During decreasing of the energy demand is within the framework of the idea of sustainable construction not only required to decrease the total energy demand of the buildings, search and solve the critical spots in the building jacketing, but also to use the secondary raw materials as full-value substitutions for commonly used products from the primary raw materials. The thesis tries to contribute to the possible usage of polymeric wastes in building industry. In an early stage of the thesis the main and partial targets together with the consecutive steps leading to their fulfilment were set. Selection of the suitable secondary raw materials, discussion with the specialists, initial sample mixing, finding their thermally – technical characteristics, press mould and fire kiln acquisition was carried out during the stage. The next phase is focused on the application of the products made from the secondary raw materials to the building envelope. The products are moulded according to the thermally – technical properties. Performed moulding approved that the products are fully functional and after reaching the required value of heat conductivity coefficient products eliminate imperfections of the solutions used at present. Strapping product for the threshold door joint is registered at Industrial Property Office of the Czech Republic and at European Patent Office at the same time. Recycled materials put into production represent possibilities how to decrease number of acquired virgin materials, need of primary energy and how to decrease risks connected to the waste disposal. Society is starting positively approaching to the products that are partially or fully produced from the secondary raw materials. Nevertheless, before the products from the recycled materials enter the peop
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Evaluation of industrial heritage
Navrátil, Oldřich ; Králová, Eva (referee) ; Zemánek, Václav (referee) ; Ryšková, Michaela (referee) ; Zemánková, Helena (advisor)
The main subject is evaluation of effective use in terms of care (not only within protection of monuments) in order to save and protect industrial heritage. Pointing out on critical issues connected with the end of production of traditional branches which played the key role in historical development of our cities. Nowadays abandoned buildings and sites are represented by memory of the place or its prosperity. New owners often don't share the positive approach to the industrial heritage, developers are seeking new sites, cities and inhabitants have developed new needs through the time. The work will demonstrate examples within European context and will make recommendations in monitoring and classification of industrial heritage to prevent undo able losses.
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Monument
Mrva, Jozef ; Vaněk, Vojtěch (referee) ; Stratil, Václav (advisor)
I base my spatial installations upon working with waste materials. I use characteristic and aesthetics of cardboard and wooden clippings to express dialogue with geometrical drawings, which I have been producing since the last year. Protracted and unexpectedly-carved shapes resemble timber beams or ruins and can lead to ecological or eschatological questions. The title "Monument" is an ironical disputation with human trace and materials we use without giving them any further attention.
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