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Healthy life style education focused on colon and rectum cancer prevention
BARTONĚK, Jaroslav
This work is engaged in colon and rectum cancer which is much more obvious problem in the Czech Republic than in the rest of European countries. This work is focused on its prevention and a diagnostic of this serious disease. The healthy lifestyle habits and an advance anamnesis can reduce death risk to a great extent. There is a project called ``The colon and rectum cancer prevention {--} a drop of blood saves a life{\crqq} as a part of this work which is destined for upper {--} primary pupils. The purpose of this work is consistent with the first objective of the National Oncology Program of the Czech Republic. This program is focused on professional education support of tumor prevention in Czech schools, an increased public awareness of tumor prevention, a decrease of smoking by youth and women, and also an abatement of the fluctuations of nutrition and lifestyle. This goal has been fulfilled. There is a question of whether the results of this program reflect the true situation. If this type of education project is undertaken by primary schools in the Czech Republic we will have to wait some years to see the results.
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Posttraumatic growth in parents of oncologically ill children
Slezáčková, Alena ; Blatný, Marek ; Kepák, T. ; Vlčková, I. ; Jelínek, Martin ; Pilát, M. ; Navrátilová, P. ; Kárová, Š. ; Štěrba, J.
The study is a part of study QOLOP and analyses positive and negative psychological changes in parents of childhood cancer survivors. Its main goal was to identify main domains of a parents’ posttraumatic growth. The content analysis of parents´ subjective statements of percieved benefits lead to an identification of main domains of PTG (changed perception of self, changes relating to others and changed life-philosophy). Specific categories of positive psychology were distinguished and practical interventions were suggested.
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Proteomika CDK inhibice v nádorových buňkách
Kovářová, Hana ; Skalníková, Helena ; Halada, Petr ; Strnad, M. ; Hajdúch, M.
In order to improve our understanding of the biochemical basis of the anti-cancer activity of olomoucine-derived synthetic cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs) and to search for novel proteins associated with these biological effects we applied complex proteomic approaches. To analyse cellular responses to the CDKI we used two cancer models: the CEM T-lymphoblastic leukemia cell line representing hematological malignancy, and the A549 lung adenocarcinoma cell line as a solid tumor model. Cancer cells of these lines were cultured in both the presence and absence (controls) of the CDKI, bohemine (BOH). Cellular proteins of both of these lines were then extracted and fractionated using conventional two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), and for the CEM T-lymphoblastic leukemia cell line we also used a 2-D liquid phase fractionation system ProteomeLab PF 2D ( Beckman Coulter). Computer-assisted data analysis of the resulting 2-D protein expression maps was applied to determine the similarity/dissimilarity of the maps and to select characteristic protein spots or bands based on the quantitative differences between BOH-treated and control cells. Many of these differentially expressed proteins were identified by mass spectrometry, since they represent candidate biomarkers of cancer cell responses to CDK inhibition and cellular pathways that are relevant to the anti-cancer activity of the CDKIs. Subsequently, we focused directly on these proteins in confirmatory studies using various techniques (including quantitative immunoblotting, immunocytochemistry and functional activity analyses) to demonstrate the validity of the proteomic results and extend our knowledge of the CDKI effects.
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Photodynamic therapy. Instrumental optics
Votruba, J. ; Stádník, Bohumil ; Javorský, Stanislav
Photodynamic therapy of cancerous tumorous of various human organs uses both coherent and noncoherent light sources for the treatment. However, noncoherent ones are prefered due to higher treatment efficiency, simpler and reliable operation and lower financial costs. Main purpose of this report is to give overview of basic optical methods and instruments used in the photodynamic therapy.
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Dermatological sunscreens. Study of the UV-factor
Stádník, Bohumil ; Jirásková, M.
Optical protection capabilities of selected anti-carcinoma dermatological creams, lotions, and milks against the harmful cancerous UVB-solar radiation are dealt with. Graphs of optical transmittances, transparencies and effective thickness of these materials in dependence of optical wavelenghts are given. This report is intended for use of specialists working in dermatology.
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