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Creation and development of TOP 09 from 2009 to the present
Drahorádová, Ivana ; Stracený, Josef (advisor) ; Samek, Tomáš (referee)
The goal of this Thesis is to introduce the circumstances of creation the political party TOP09, its development, results in elections in years 2010 - 2018 and its position in current political scene. In the introduction I will define the theoretical background and context. I will interduce the political party, its place in the system and I mention the typology of political parties. Then I will describe the party system with an emphasis on party system in Czech Republic. In the main part of the Thesis I will describe circumstances of creation the political party TOP09 and define programmatic of the party. I'm going to analyze a reason of successes and failures of the party in elections, which took place on Czech Republic, since its creation in 2008 till present year 2018. In this thesis is based on analytical, descriptive and comparative methods.
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Party System of Catalonia
Baranyaiová, Gabriela ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Říchová, Blanka (referee)
The Parliament of Catalonia was restored in 1980 within the transition to democracy in Spain. From the beginning the coalition of Convergència i Unió was dominated in party system. This coalition was consisted by two parties and had absolute parliamentarian majority between years 1984 and 1995. Its dominance was disrupted by Partit dels Socialistes de Catalunya in elections in 1999 and also in 2003. Until then, there was a bipolar system where CiU won elections to the Parliament of Catalonia and PSC-PSOE elections to Congreso de Diputados in this autonomous region. CiU won every Catalan parliamentary elections till 2012. After the collapse of CiU in 2015, one of its parties, Convergència Democràtica de Catalunya, started to cooperate with Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya primarily because of Catalonia's independence. The number of relevant parties started to increase in 2015. The aim of the thesis is to answer following questions: what party system according to Sartori's theory occurred/occurs in the Parliament of Catalonia and whether there was a change of party system or not. If yes, then which circumstances affected this change. Furthermore, the results of the elections to the Parliament of Catalonia and to Congreso de Diputados in Catalonia are compared. This comparison seeks to answer the question of...
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Dynamics of the Development of the Slovak Party System
Smolecová, Alexandra ; Šárovec, Daniel (advisor) ; Ondruška, Michal (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the dynamics of the development of the party system in Slovakia from 1992 to the last parliamentary elections of 2016. Various methods are used to measure the party system dynamics, by means of which it is possible to determine the intensity of changes and the trends arising from them. The analysis is based on the results of the elections for each period, on the basis of which the selected comparative indicators are applied. The evaluation of the results of the analysis will also be included in the basic typology of party systems, but this is not the main purpose of the work. The empirical indicators chosen are the volatility index, the effective page number index and the aggregation index. The given indexes are chosen based on the criteria of classification of party systems. Keywords Slovakia, party system, party systém dynamics, political party, effective number of parties, aggregation, index, volatility index Title/názov práce Dynamics of the development of the Slovak party system
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Development of TOP 09 as a New Actor within the Party System of the Czech Republic
Winkler, Matěj ; Šárovec, Daniel (advisor) ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to describe the development of TOP 09 as a new player in the party system of the Czech Republic. This party was established in 2009 and successfully ran for the Chamber of Deputies in 2010. In the theoretical part, this thesis presents three approaches to the theory of institutionalization, namely Samuel Huntington, Angelo Panebianco and Vicky Randall and Lars Svåsand. For the purpose of this work, the approach of Vicky Randall and Lars Svåsand have been used. The theory of institutionalization is crucial for describing a new party system actor and his ability to survive for more than one term. The empirical part introduces the development of the party system and various methods of its periodization. Subsequently, the formation and development of the TOP 09 party, their achievements in the elections to the Chamber of Deputies in 2010, 2013 and 2017 and the individual indicators needed for the application of the theory of institutionalization are described. In conclusion, the results of the investigation are evaluated and further research is recommended.
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The emergence of new political parties in the Czech Republic
Šárovec, Daniel ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Švec, Kamil (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to discuss new political parties in the context of the Czech party system. Movement ANO 2011 and Dawn of Direct Democracy are the researched subjects which broke through elections to the Chamber of Deputies in the Czech Republic in 2013. This multiple case study proceeds from the basic and ambiguously gripped notion political party to diverse theoretical aspects of newness, trying to briefly define the Czech party system in the context of new political parties. It is done in terms of legislative rules for (not only new) political parties and also from a developmental view. Afterwards the empirical part works with particular characteristics of two chosen subjects - it gradually focuses on their emergence and development, programme, the leader and members, electoral campaign and their participation in elections. The task of the individual characteristics is to introduce both subjects accurately so their common and different traits are obvious. The gained findings are later assessed by the view of the chosen Sikk's theory of newness. There is examined if ANO and Dawn fall into some of the categories defined by this theory. The diploma thesis tries to shift the state of knowledge of new Czech political parties and refers to the positives and negatives of the chosen...
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Political party system in Japan: its evolution and typology after electoral reform 1994
Antonenko, Alexandra ; Říchová, Blanka (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee)
The Japanese political party system has been a typical representative of the predominant party system in modern democratic society for a few decades now. Although its legitimacy was often criticized by academics as well as by the public, it was characterized by a remarkable endurance of the dominant Liberal Democratic Party of Japan. Even with the electoral reform in 1994, whose objective was to eliminate this particular system, it persisted, at least seemingly. It was not until 2009 when predictions of many political scientists came to pass through the influence of many neoliberal reforms, which resulted in an increased volatility of voters and thus there was a first real opportunity for shift of power and creation of a bipartism. Unfortunately it ended in a devastating failure tightly connected with an unsuccessful administration of the Democratic Party of Japan, which caused an increasing political mistrust among people and a rise of Liberal Democratic Party of Japan to power again. This thesis studies the development and specifics of the Japanese political party system through recent years and its determining factors. Part of this thesis therefore evaluates political and social theores in a context of the Japanese environment. Main focus of the thesis is to apply these theories to the Japanese...
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The role of the United Russia in political system of the Russian Federation
Vondráčková, Dominika ; Příhoda, David (advisor) ; Romancov, Michael (referee)
With the beginning of new millennium the political atmosphere in Russia started to change significantly. The number of political parties dramatically decreased and in 2001 was formed soon to be strongest party - the United Russia. Since then the overall centralization of the system had started - it happened to be more difficult for smaller parties to reach the Duma mandates, media are influenced more than before and NGOs with certain political opinions are forbidden to operate. In this environment exists the United Russia - the party of power - not a platform for discussion, which a political party should be, but a tool of Kremlin, which reminds more a center of elites, power and means. In the beginning of the text are described competitive and non-competitive party systems. The current party system of Russia is there acknowledged as a party system with pragmatic- hegemonic party. Further the text follows the evolution and changes of the party system in Russia, the electoral reforms and overall changes since 1999 to the present. Then the ideology of Russia in international environment is discussed as well as the ideology of the United Russia. The text shows, that even though the United Russia declares an ideology, in reality it could be found only scarcely.
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The Slovak political parties and the elections in 2016
Marjenka, Ján ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Švec, Kamil (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on the topic of cleavages and their development in the Slovakian party system and society. The thesis chronologically interprets the evolution from the year 1990 until the current years, specifically until the 2016 election. In the beginning, the Slovakian party system and society were split up, similarly to other post-communist countries going from communism to anticommunism. When this topic is solved, other traditional cleavages come to mind as they are as well described by classical theoreticians. These cleavages can be activated by themselves, or become less important through time and social and political development. Other studies or thesis of Slovakian authors prove this idea. This known development is usually only addressed until the year 2012, that is why the main aim of this thesis is to analyze, continue with other results and find out how the situation regarding this issue has evolved before the election in 2016. It is important to analyze cleavages and other topics which divide the society and political parties from the point of view of the effect the cleavages have on the stability of the party system. It influences the number of them and the relationships between them which can be cumulative or cross cutting. Since then it is possible to determine...
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Nonpluralistic Political Systems: the Case of Czech Municipalities
Hofman, Štěpán ; Jüptner, Petr (advisor) ; Bubeníček, Václav (referee)
This thesis Nonpluralistic political systems: the case of czech municipalities target problematic and occurrence of nonpluralistic political systems. Nonpluralistic political systems is little researched phenomenon and It cannot be reflected by any researche focusing mainly on this issue. Autors focusing on local politic in western systems don't deal with given problematic. My research in this work focuses on proving existence and relevance of nonpluralistic political systems on a case of czech municipalities. Research is not done on the whole Czech Republic, but only on sample of five czech districts, choosen according to municipal structure, demographic characteristic and socio-economic characteristic. Second part of my research focuses on analysis of participants of those systems, on nature of their candidacy and also on the fact, if participants of pluralistic and nonpluralistic systems are any different.
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