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Exclusions from prohibition of quantitative restrictions
Matějka, David ; Kunertová, Tereza (advisor) ; Šmejkal, Václav (referee)
The subject developed in my thesis relates to the "Exclusions from prohibition of quantitative restrictions". The origin of these exclusions can be found in the internal market law and more precisely in the free movement of goods. The free movement of goods is one of the four fundamental freedoms on which is based the internal market of the European Union. The free movement of goods is ensured by removing fiscal and non-fiscal barriers that hinder trade between Member States and which are prohibited between Member States. The fiscal barriers involve the prohibition between Member States of customs duties, all charges having equivalent effect and other fiscal barriers such as internal taxations. The non fiscal barriers involve direct quantitative restrictions which are quotas and bans, as well as measures having equivalent effect to quantitative restrictions (MEE). These non fiscal barriers are prohibited but they can be justified in some cases. Direct quantitative restrictions almost disappeared while measures having equivalent effect to quantitative restrictions may exist in various forms and variations. Measures having equivalent effect on imports are prohibited by the article 34 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the EU. Moreover, measures having equivalent effect on exports are prohibited by...
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The Appearance of the reflex locomotion elements in the hurdle clearance stride
Musil, Daniel ; Hojka, Vladimír (advisor) ; Kaplan, Aleš (referee)
Title: The Appearance of the reflex locomotion elements in the hurdle clearance stride Thesis Objective: The main objective of this thesis is to state the frequency of the presence of reciprocal inhibition (RI) and cross extensor reflex (CI - contralateral inhibition) during hurdle overrun. Methods: The subjects were tested during running over three hurdles with modified distances similar to the 110m hurdles. The height of the hurdles was set to 0,99 m. The muscle activity was monitored by surface electromyography and video was recorded simultaneously. The hurdle clearance was divided into particular phases which altogether formed one cycle. Collected data was analyzed by the software Megawin (rectification, smoothing, and synchronization with camera) and subsequently converted into software MATLAB. Nine cycles of each subject were averaged. Such modified cycle was evaluated consequently. Results: Reflex locomotion (RI and CI) was presented more often in the group with less experience with the hurdles. Co-activation of antagonist muscles was typical for the group consisting of more experienced individuals, rather than RI and CI. Key Words: hurdles, biomechanics, sEMG, reciprocal inhibition, contralateral inhibition
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Attitude to sport and sport activity in people with visual disabilities in young adulthood. Barriers occurring during sports arising from the experience of people in Prague
Kočí, Markéta ; Květoňová, Lea (advisor) ; Šumníková, Pavlína (referee)
The work focuses on the circumstances and details that young adults with visual disabilities do not meet the available options for sports. It reveals their relationship to sports and focuses on the barriers that these people face in the moments when they want to sport and do sports. It also focuses on the opinion to teach physical education in the past individuals and its potential impact on other sports activities of such persons. Information obtained from the interviews and the results are summarized in several chapters devoted to specific areas of this subject. They also contain several suggestions for possible solutions to improve the situation. Key words Visual disability, young adulthood, relationship to sports, barriers, integration, physical education, recreational sport, volunteer
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Myodynamics of the support phase during different take-off tasks in human locomotion
Hojka, Vladimír ; Jelen, Karel (advisor) ; Otáhal, Jakub (referee) ; Kampmiller, Tomáš (referee)
Title: Myodynamics of the support phase during different take-off tasks in human locomotion Objectives: Six types of take-off movement were analyzed in terms of support limb kinematics, take-off dynamics and muscle activation, in order to identify differences in motor control. Methods: 14 male athletes (22.6 ± 4.4 years; 182.4 ± 5.3 cm; 74.7 ± 6.2 kg) took part in laboratory experiment. Each athlete performed six different take-off movements (running, acceleration - first and second step, long jump take-off, high jump take-off and take-off to the hurdle). System Qualisys was used to analyze kinematics of the support limb. Dynamic of the suport phase was measured with Kistler 9281 EA force- plate. ME6000 apparatus was used to measure the muscle activation. Results were processed and statistically evaluated in Matlab (MathWorks, Inc) environment. Pair ANOVA, T-test and Friedmann test were performed to identify differences between take-off movements. regression analysis was introduced to find the relationship between parameters. Results: Significant differences in take-off dynamics are realized with not so significant differences in kinematic and electromyographic parameters. high jump and long jump take-offs acted most specifically in comparison with other types of take-offs. Two typically...
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Jump horse training
NĚMEČKOVÁ, Michaela
The aim of this bachelor thesis was process procedure during training a jumping horse from selection of young individual to adult jumper. Young horse mount around 3 years of life and he is attend basic training under saddle. After attend basic training horse began preparing on his own jumping career. When preparing a jumping horse is important to teach the horse to walk over the cavalry, overcome them calmly and focus with the rider and without the rider. The cavalry they aren't overcome only on the ground, but they are clasify to the training of a cavalry from 0.15 m to 0.5 m. After learning how to overcome the cavalry, the horse begins to overcome the free jumps without a rider, where the horse is learnig himself to estimate the distance from the obstacle and improves his jump presentation. Under the saddle begins with simple jumping rows, which goes first from the trot and after that in gallop. The span of the individual cavalry in trot is about 1.20 m - 1.40 m and on a hillside about 3.0 m - 3.5 m, when it depends on the length of the walk a horse. On a simple jumping rows is followed to more challenging jumping rows, where is the main parameter at constructing jumping rows is the length of the gallop jumps and its multiples. A very popular variation of jumping rows are in-out jumps. After smoothly overcome the gymnastic row is going practice the whole parkur. The difficulty of jumping competitions are from 80 cm (ZZ) to 150 cm (TT). The young horse is beginning to test jumping properties already in foals that follow the next breeding contests listed by young horses (Eg Young Horse Criteria, Triennial Trojan Performance Tests). Training a skillful, talented jumper is for coaches and riders matters for several years..
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Discourse analysis of Velka pardubicka steeplechase phenomenon
Matějková, Miloslava ; Lehmann, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Kalenda, Jan (referee)
The thesis is focused on the discoursive analysis of the Great Pardubice Steeplechase phenomenon. The race, which is considered to be the most difficult and the longest hurdle race on the European continent. In the introductory part is explained the metodology of discourse analysis, together with the technique of data collection. The work also includes a brief history of Par force hunting, which was the cause of this race creation. The empirical part of this thesis is focused on the analysis of articles from local newspapers of the period from 1880 to 2011. For greater clarity was divided into four chapters - four different historic periods - that influenced the development of the Great Pardubice Steeplechase. There is also a chapter analysing interviews contents, which were conducted on this topic. The work introduces the reader with an unusual view of this race, as the previously released publications were dedicated only to outstanding personalities whose fates were linked with the race. This piece is on the contrary focused on important aspects in its development, both in historical and social point of view.
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Obstacle courses
Korf, Marek ; Vomáčko, Ladislav (advisor) ; Frainšic, Michal (referee)
Name: Obstacle courses Aim: Major obstacle to analyze the sites, thein quality, construction and use. The goal is to map areas of lability within the armed and saving forces of the Czech republic. Method: Collecting information on the link above all the environment requirements forconstruction and materials. Work with materials and literature, and the interview. Results: It was taken from the literature, both domestic and foreign. The quality of facilities is high. All obstacles to meet the requirements imposed by law. The use of barriers, actually supports and enhances the performance and the required specialization. Keywords: Obstacles, control, materials, competitors, power, specialty, training.
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Problems in Intercultural Communication Caused by Differences in Czech and English
Macasová, Hana ; Vít, Radek (advisor) ; Morgan, Craig Alan (referee)
Problems in Intercultural Communication Caused by Differences in Czech and English This thesis deals with intercultural communication and with the problems which it yields. The author is concerned with the history of intercultural communication and its definition, as well as with problems that may occur when two different cultures communicate. In addition, great attention is paid to communication between English and Czech people, where the author deals not only with the differences in languages, but also with the diverse nature of these two cultures. On the basis of a research made with help of a questionnaire, the author confronts two different samples of Czech university students of English. Key words intercultural communication, culture, language, communication, English language, Czech language, stereotypes, obstacles, problems
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Specifics of the internationalization process of agricultural micro-enterprises in terms of risks and barriers
Úšelová, Eva
The main aim of the diploma thesis is to identify the risks and barriers of the internationalization process of Czech micro-enterprises in agrarian industry. The theoretical part deals with internationalization and globalization, small, medium and micro businesses, motivators, risks and barriers related to foreign market. The second part is devoted to analysis of the current situation of small, medium and micro-entities in the Czech Republic. The factors of motivation, barriers and risks of internationalization of chosen enterprises are described based on results of in-depth interview by author. The data is compared with results from different sectors and surveys. Furthermore, there are proposals which lead to elimination of problematic factors
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