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ODA as an actor in the formation of the right and Czech conservatism
Brožová, Karolina ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
The aim of this thesis will be to characterize the formation of Czech conservative and rightwing thinking in political practice, which seemed to be something completely unimaginable in the communist environment of the time. Although the roots of Anglo-Saxon conservatism go back to the 18th century, it is difficult to define it as a modern ideology at this time. Its meaning has evolved and changed over time, but in some ways it could be said that the basic principles of conservatism have survived to this day. In this thesis, I will primarily reflect on values such as freedom, equality, property, tradition and morality because it is these values that the ODA, as the primary actor with which this thesis is primarily concerned, drew upon in a society shaped by communism and the vision of socialism as the only possible path for the emergence of rightwing politics.
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Problematika demokracie a právního státu v Maďarsku s ohledem na postavení země v EU
Reňáková, Monika
The topic of the bachelor's thesis is the issue of democracy and the rule of law in Hungary, with a focus on the country's position within the European Union. The main goal is therefore to assess in what ways and to what extent Hungary corresponds to the principles of democracy and the rule of law and how this affects relations with the European Union. The first part is devoted to the theoretical definition of the concept of democracy, the rule of law and the definition of the values of the rule of law within the EU. The second part analyses the acts by which democracy is undermined and values are violated in Hungary and point out the processes by which this is carried out. The conclusion is what is the role of the European Union in this, how does it affect their common relations and what are the consequences.
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Tunisko a jeho tranzice k demokracii v důsledku událostí arabského jara
Ludvíková, Nikola
LUDVÍKOVÁ, N. Tunisia and its transition to democracy as a result of the events of the Arab Spring, Bachelor thesis. Brno, 2022. The bachelor thesis deals with development of the political regime in Tunisia. The aim of the work is to describe its original state, its change caused by the Arab Spring and the subsequent evaluation of sustainability and the application of democracy in this country. This work also explains the reasons for the successful transition to democracy compared to other countries in the Middle East.
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Kvalita vládnutí a výdaje na obranu
Dostál, Pavel
The thesis examines two phenomena, namely defence spending and the quality of governance. The selected countries in which these two phenomena are examined in this thesis are selected countries of different world organizations or geograph-ical regions. To fully understand the issue, a section of the thesis is devoted to the description of the selected regions and their evolution. Subsequently, the phenom-ena of governance quality are described, and their determinants are examined. Both phenomena and their development are studied separately and then their in-terdependence and connection is examined. The conclusion is devoted to an as-sessment of the connection between the two issues.
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Disinformation in France: A Strategy of Information Warfare in the Digital Age
Bourdas, Annabelle Marie Amelie ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Scotto, Thomas (referee)
Political elections are a fertile ground for disinformation campaigns to prosper as have shown studies on Brexit and the 2016 US elections. The 2022 presidential French elections took place in a particular setting due to the social and political context marked by the rise of far-right parties and movements as well as the succession of crises such as the 2015 terrorist attacks, 2018 yellow vests movement, the Covid-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine. This context and the health crisis in particular have given a new lease of life to far-right movements. Indeed, they spread disinformation, mainly on social media, on the pandemic and fuelled anti-system feelings to advance their agenda. In this context, the far-right political candidate to the 2022 elections, Éric Zemmour, a famous polemicist, thrived and managed to impose himself in the national political landscape. He did so notably by using discursive practices and his media presence. As a result, there has been a banalisation of far-right rhetoric and conspiracy theories in society. This has two major consequences: first, the undermining of democratic and electoral processes and second, the risk of a resurgence of domestic terrorism. Therefore, disinformation is a threat for democracies as they exacerbate social tensions and divisions which can...
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The Road to Democracy in Communist Countries: Exploring the Influences in Transformation including nationalism
Xu, Jingjing ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Hanley, Seán (referee) ; Horák, Slavomír (referee)
This research delves into the transformative political journeys of Eastern Bloc countries following the disintegration of the Soviet Union, emphasizing the distinct paths they embarked upon-ranging from democracies to autocracies. Central to this exploration is the potent role of nationalism, particularly the dynamics of inclusive and exclusive nationalism, in steering these transitions. Through comparative analyses, the study unravels the complex interplay of factors that influenced the trajectories of these nations. The findings not only map the road to democracy in communist countries but also illuminate the profound influence of nationalism on such metamorphoses. By shedding light on these intricate dynamics, the research offers a robust framework for understanding and guiding democratic transitions in other regions, emphasizing the nuances of nationalism that can either bolster or hinder the pursuit of democratic ideals. Key Words: Eastern Bloc, Political Transformation, Democracy, Authoritarian Regimes, Nationalism, Post-communist
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"These are citizens of our country. We are their servants." A case study of Pierre Poilievre as an example of growing Canadian populism within the framework of Cas Mudde's scholarship
Mola-Schmidt, Amelia ; Shavit, Anna (advisor) ; Němcová Tejkalová, Alice (referee)
As scholars who have studied populism in the Canadian context have noted, Canada has previously held a false sense of immunity to the rise of populism due its multiculturalism that was seen as a barrier for the traditional xenophobic and culturally exclusive values of populist politicians in other Western democracies. Forms of populism that have arisen in Canada have taken the form of "neoliberal populism", an ideology rooted in fiscal conservatism and the belief that less government intervention is better. However, the election of Pierre Poilievre as leader of the Federal Conservative party has indicated a shift in the political spectrum, that populism is gaining traction on a mainstream level. As Cas Mudde has written about in his literature on populism, the mainstream media play an active role in shaping the discourse around populists, often giving them more air time due to their sensationalist behaviour that make for viral soundbites. So how has the Canadian media responded to Poilievre, and how does the political alignment of media impact the coverage he gets? This study will seek to answer these questions and provide insights into how the Canadian media may contribute to further political polarisation in society.
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Liechtenstein between direct democracy and absolute monarchy? The Road to a New Liechtenstein Constitution
Floder, Daniel ; Kunštát, Miroslav (advisor) ; Lizcová, Zuzana (referee)
At the end of the 20th century, a power conflict emerged between the ambitious Prince of Liechtenstein and the elected representatives which wanted to curb the prince's considerable powers. This development culminated in the 2003 constitutional amendment, in which the prince prevailed and gained powers at the expense of the democratically elected institutions. The aim of this thesis is to analyse the 2003 constitutional amendment and its impact on the constitutional and political system of Liechtenstein and to determine the reasons behind the prince's success in the constitutional referendum. To achieve these goals, a case study analysis is conducted. Concepts such as the king's dilemma are used to interpret the results within the framework of political science research on monarchies. The hypothesis suggests that despite the strengthening of the prince's political power, the country has not turned into an absolute monarchy, and that the main reason for the prince's success was his influential status rooted deeply in the historical traditions and sentiments of the population. The thesis utilizes primary sources, most importantly the constitution, supplemented with insights from secondary literature in the fields of political science, history, and law. The thesis concludes that the prince's...
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