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Conflict prevention and de-escalation in pediatric nursing
Prosová, Iveta ; Raudenská, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Vlachová, Marie (referee)
Background: This paper focuses on conflict prevention and de-escalation in pediatric nursing. Aims: The theoretical aim of this thesis is to review relevant information on conflict prevention and de-escalation in paediatric nursing from the available Czech and international literature. The obtained knowledge is to be sorted, critically assessed and evaluated. The empirical aim of this thesis is to carry out quantitative research using a non-standardized questionnaire distributed distributed to nurses working in paediatric inpatient wards of Motol University Hospital, to statistically process and evaluate the obtained data and to formulate conclusions and recommendations on conflict prevention and de-escalation for practice based on the results of the questionnaire survey. Methodology: The research was conducted in the form of a non-standardized anonymous questionnaire of our own design, distributed to paediatric, general and practical nurses working in the paediatric wards at Motol Hospital. 144 correctly completed questionnaires are included in the final study. Results: The research survey revealed that although 72% of nurses consider education on conflict prevention and de-escalation important, only 21% of nurses have received such education in the last 5 years. Of the 68% of nurses who report...
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Imaging algorithm in suspected non-accidental injury
Popelová, Eliška ; Kynčl, Martin (advisor) ; Burgetová, Andrea (referee) ; Jezberová, Michaela (referee)
Imaging algorithm in suspected non-accidental injury Abstract This thesis focuses on radiologic investigations in children with suspected non-accidental injury (NAI) with emphasis on children below two years of age. It is the first Czech ori- ginal and review work on this topic. The aim of this work is to evaluate current practise in Czech hospitals and to assess benefits of skeletal imaging in children younger than two years with suspected NAI. The theoretical part of the thesis presents a summary of up-to- -date information on radiologic imaging of children with suspected NAI and provides an overview of international expert literature. The empirical part of the thesis presents four scientific projects: a survey among Czech radiologists and three studies aimed at skeletal imaging in children with trauma suggestive of NAI. The results of these works show that evaluation of children with suspected NAI is not standardized and that skeletal imaging is not performed in all appropriate situations. At the same time, the results show that skele- tal imaging may show clinically occult fractures, while the effective dose is reasonably low. The thesis also brings suggestions for improvements and topics for further research. The appendices to this work include the recommendations Postavme se na stranu dětí....
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The impact of team autonomy, reflexivity and participation on employees' mental health
Mandousová, Michaela ; Šípová, Ivana (advisor) ; Mudrák, Jiří (referee)
Mental health is an important topic in the context of the work environment. Therefore, the thesis examines the impact of team autonomy, reflexivity, and participation on employees' mental health. The theoretical part focuses on the topic of mental health, the JD-R model, burnout syndrome, engagement, and team factors with a focus on autonomy, reflexivity, and participation. The empirical part aims to test whether team autonomy, reflexivity, and participation together with burnout syndrome score or work engagement are significant predictors of burnout syndrome and engagement measured one year apart. The data used to test the stated hypotheses were obtained within the framework of the international H-WORK project, which conducted a field-based longitudinal study. The project was initiated in response to growing mental health problems in the working population in Europe. This paper uses data from two companies that underwent restructuring during the project. Because of this, there was a large drop out. The data in the research part, which was subjected to linear regression analysis, was collected from 59 respondents. The results did not support the stated hypotheses. This result may be influenced by several factors, such as the high experimental mortality already mentioned. Key words: mental health;...
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Seasonal dynamics of physiological parameters of Norway spruce needles in mountain forest in relation to water balance of the forest site
Bednář, Pavel ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Gebauer, Roman (referee)
Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) is an important economic tree species in the Czech Republic, which is currently significantly weakened and dying under the impacts of climate change. In young spruce forest stand in mountain region that was artificially established after the large-scale disturbance of forests in the mid-1990s, on the "U Dvou louček" research plot represented by a small forest catchment of an area of 32.6 ha, located in the upper part of the Orlické Mountains at an altitude of 880 - 920 m a.s.l., and in site conditions of predominantly Abieti-fageta piceae - water balance measurements were carried out during the 2019 and 2020 growing seasons. At the same time, during the mentioned two years, in total 6 samplings of biological material were carried out according to a standardized sampling methodology, and laboratory analyzes were carried out on this material. Laboratory analyzes were focused on three established age categories of needles, namely 1, 2, and 4 or more years old. The biophysical parameters of needles were determined based on the measurement of structural parameters and concentrations of photosynthetic pigments - chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total carotenoids from samples extracted in DMF using a laboratory spectrophotometer. Optical properties of the needles...
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Proper handling of infant nutrition in hospital facilities
Čadová, Nikol ; Průšová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Nikodemová, Hana (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with issues related to the manipulation of infant nutrition in healthcare facilities. The theoretical part of this work deals with breast milk, infant formula and its specifics, administration of infant diet, as well as manipulation of infant nutrition in pediatric wards and in the dairy kitchen. The aim of the empirical part of this work was to verify the knowledge of nurses through a research survey and to identify possible differences in the manipulation of infant nutrition in different workplaces. A quantitative research method was chosen to obtain data using a self- constructed questionnaire containing 26 questions. Out of the original 130 distributed questionnaires, a total of 74 were analysed, with 3 excluded due to incompleteness, resulting in a response rate of 59.2%. The results of the research survey showed that the knowledge and practices of nurses in manipulating infant nutrition are not uniform. The most significant statistically significant difference in respondents' answers was related to the workplace where they are employed. No statistically significant difference was found in respondents' answers in relation to their education. In conclusion, it is necessary to mention that the research survey revealed some shortcomings in respondents' knowledge and...
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Communication with elderly people from the perspective of nursing staff
Moravcová, Dita ; Tomová, Šárka (advisor) ; Javůrková, Alena (referee)
Bachelor thesis deals with the communication with elderly people from the perspective of nursing staff. It describing in detail topic verbal and nonverbal communication and its importance in interaction with elderly people, then its works with age, aging process and associated changes. Main goal and basis bachelor thesis are research investigation. It finds out the most suitable ways of communication with elderly people in retirement home. Researching methods is quantitative questionnaire, examined respondents are nursing staff how they communicate in home for the elderly, specifically in 3 homes for the elderly in Prague. Results which we finished by quantitative questionnaire with following data analysing, we deal with them in the research part of the work. 115 is the number of respondents, who were participate quantitative questionnaire. We used our own questionnaire. Nurses should control how they communicate with patient and use professional attitude. Elderly people need our care and attention. Communication with elderly people have some specifics. It should be brief, accurate. Quiet and kindly speech is also important. Most of seniors value enough time for communication, privacy during it, patience and goodwill with smile on nurse face. Bachelor thesis deals with barriers from nurses and from...
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Algae and cyanobacteria in the context of sustainable development
Shevchuk, Anastasiya ; Rynda, Ivan (advisor) ; Šturma, Jan (referee)
The subject of the thesis is the potential of microscopic algae and cyanobacteria and its research at the ALGATECH Center, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences. The theoretical part of the thesis presents the potential uses of algae and cyanobacteria, including situating the potential within the context of sustainable development. Furthermore, concepts such as science and research, normal and post-normal science, basic and applied research are defined. To understand the issues, key factors influencing science in the Czech environment are also illuminated. The aim of this qualitative research is to gain insight into the research and cultivation of microscopic algae and cyanobacteria. To thoroughly understand the complexity of the issue, the thesis poses additional research questions concerning factors influencing the cultivation and research of microscopic algae and cyanobacteria. These questions are answered through data collection via semi-structured interviews and documents. The collected data are sorted and analyzed using framework analysis. Keywords: microscopic algae, cyanobacteria, science, research, basic research, applied research, sustainable development, fluid science.
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Evaluation of the landscape potential of the central Elbe region for outdoor geographical education
Hartmanová, Barbora ; Matějček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Rubáš, Dominik (referee)
The bachelor thesis identifies the main geographical themes that can be used to characterize the defined area in the Central Polabí region. The next phase of the thesis deals with the identification of specific exceptional locations where these themes can be best demonstrated. Finally, sites suitable for field geography teaching are selected. The theoretical part is first devoted to the definition of field education and the involvement of field education in the study of geography. Subsequently, the concepts of landscape interpretation and Sense of place are explained and used in the research part. In the next chapter, a characterisation of the defined area of the Central Polabie region in terms of relief, climate, water, vegetation, nature conservation and settlement is made using maps. In the practical part, content analyses of geography textbooks, mapy.cz portal and Vlastivědný zpravodaj Polabí are carried out in order to identify the main geographical themes and specific localities. The obtained information is analysed in order to select the most important topics and locations. Subsequently, the sites are analysed using the criteria of transport accessibility and road access to see if they are suitable for field education. Keywords: landscape interpretation, Sense of place, Central Labe region,...
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Stereotyping of Africa by pupils of Prague grammar schools
Kofroňová, Jana ; Hasman, Jiří (advisor) ; Frajer, Václav (referee)
The stereotyping of Africa has recently resonated not only in scientific circles, but is slowly making its way into the wider public consciousness. As Africa's population grows, the continent's importance on the global stage will gradually increase. It is time to realise how much our perceptions are influenced by entrenched stereotypes and to recognise what Africa is really like. This bachelor thesis focuses on the stereotyping of Africa by pupils in Prague grammar schools. In the theoretical part, it discusses the issue of stereotyping and factors that affect it. A specific attention is paid to the topic of stereotyping Africa, emphasizing the differences between experienced ideas about Africa and reality. The thesis has two research questions: to identify the most common stereotypes of Africa and to test the importance of their underlying factors. Through a combination of a survey within pupils and interviews with their teachers, the necessary data was collected. Using a categorisation of terms used by pupils in relation to Africa, three main groups of stereotypes were identified: wildlife, poor Africa, and primitive and underdeveloped Africa. To describe Africans, pupils used words such as illiterate, poor, or negroid. The research showed that all the factors studied contribute to the degree of...
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Ethical and legal aspects of cardiopulmonary resuscitation focused on advance directives
Beranová, Stanislava ; Kopsa Těšinová, Jolana (advisor) ; Hocková, Jana (referee)
(v AJ) Introduction to the Issue: The diploma thesis deals with ethical and legal issues related to the provision of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, particularly the use of advance directive in intensive care units. Although advance directive have been part of legislation in medical practice for several years, they are not widely used. However, this document is crucial as it protects patient autonomy in situations where the patient cannot express their wishes and preferences. The use of this document in medical practice raises questions, especially regarding its content, accessibility, and adherence. Objective: The main goal of this thesis is to identify the ethical and legal aspects of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, specifically in relation to patients advance directive. The study aims to understand how non-medical healthcare personnel perceive these aspects in intensive care units. Methodology: For the research investigation, a qualitative research method was chosen. Data collection involved semi-structured interviews with healthcare personnel from intensive care units. The obtained data were categorized using open coding after thorough analysis and anonymization. The results are presented using an undirected graph. The research section also includes continuous text containing individual codes and...
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