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The European Union and the World Trade Organization - Principles, Results and Comparison of Trade Liberalization Regimes
Süttö, Michal ; Kunertová, Tereza (referee)
The European Union and the World Trade Organization - Principles, Results and Comparison of Trade Liberalization Regimes Abstract The subject of this thesis is an analysis and subsequent comparison of the origin, principles, development, results and basic legal instruments of trade liberalization within the European Union and the World Trade Organization. While coexisting in the field of international economic co-operation for more than 60 years, these bodies have emerged from the same aspirations to deepen mutual economic co-operation through trade liberalization and suppression of the protectionist practices. Our primary objective is to examine and point out the aspects that both organizations share, as well as the degree and form of their differences. However, the presented work focuses on the similarities and differences between the EU and the WTO from a specific point of view. It is based on traditional expectation of most authors, believing that the EU is pursuing more ambitious goals than the WTO. Under this assumption, trade liberalization obligations between EU Member States would necessarily have to be stricter and more progressive than the WTO's respective commitments. The subsequent objective of the thesis is to examine the validity of this expectation. Regarding the analysis of the rules, the...
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Position of the European automotive industry and the liberalization in extra-EU economical relations
Schneider, Richard ; Bič, Josef (advisor) ; Kašpar, Václav (referee)
The thesis discusses the position of the European automotive industry in comparison to the other world centers of automobile production after the economic crisis which began in 2007. One of the EU industry and trade policy's instruments is the system of trade agreements between EU and its partners. This thesis focuses on analysis of the strategic decisions of the automobile manufacturers related to the current trade agreements and estimates the impacts of the upcoming agreements, especially of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership and free trade agreements with Japan and India.
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North-South regionalism in the U.S. and Latin American relations
Slejšková, Lucie ; Hnát, Pavel (advisor) ; Stuchlíková, Zuzana (referee)
The content of this thesis is an analysis of North-South regionalism within the American continent. Specifically, the approach of the United States as a representative of developed countries and Latin American countries as representative of developing countries to the liberalization of mutual economic relations. Chapter one deals with the issue of North-South regionalism and approaches of the most developed countries to this type of liberalization. Chapter two analyses the attitude of the U.S. and Latin American to the liberalization of their relations. Chapter three describes the approaches of concrete Latin American countries (Chile, Venezuela, Brazil) with respect to their different economic and business strategies applied in their foreign policy.
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Influence of trade liberalization on the sources of the economic growth of Brazil
Colmenárez García, Anna Carolina ; Hnát, Pavel (advisor) ; Jiránková, Martina (referee)
This diploma thesis studies the influence of trade liberalization on the sources of the economic growth of Brazil. The theoretical part of this work presents some definitions of economic growth and characteristics from two basic economic growth models: the Solow model and the endogenous growth model. Regarding trade liberalization, some international trade theories are presented in this thesis, including the basis of protectionist measures, which are frequently implemented around the world. The practical part of this work analyzes the course of the Brazilian economy throughout different periods, where the GDP growth rate, sources of economic growth and the presence of protectionist policies are taking into account. Later on, the thesis reviews the trade liberalization process that Brazil experimented in the 1990s and how this process influenced the performance of the Brazilian GDP. For long time, the topics of positive effects of free international trade and the unavoidable globalization process have been on the table. Brazil enjoys conditions that are given for economic success. However, the question is whether Brazil will manage to make full use of these favorable conditions and handle the obstacles that come up along the way to its development, while enforcing free international trade and promoting its full liberalization aiming to positively influence economic growth.
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The Comparison of Impacts of Development Aid and Trade Liberalization on the Developing World
Trinh, Hong Trang ; Pavlík, Petr (advisor) ; Nováková, Jana (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyse and evaluate the impacts of development aid and trade liberalization in the developing world and to outline some "partial" or alternative solutions, with a focus on current trends and economic development. The following three fields are taken into account by the evaluation: economic, political and human rights. The first part deals with general characteristics of developing countries and their current position in the world economy. The next two sections focus on the analysis of the effects of development aid (chapter two) and trade liberalization (chapter three). The last section contains some other possible solutions to the problems in the developing world (the importance of remittances and microfinance).
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Developing Countries in the Multilateral Trading System: Prospects of the Doha Round
Obenbergerová, Linda ; Hnát, Pavel (advisor) ; Stuchlíková, Zuzana (referee)
In connection with the process of globalization, the importance of international trade increases not only as means of gaining welfare but as a way to solve problems. The World Trade Organization (WTO) claimed this approach in 2001 through a new trade negotiation round, the Doha Development Agenda (DDA). Within DDA the WTO pledged to improve the conditions of participation of the developing countries in the multilateral trading system. Not after nine years of negotiation the round is heading to its conclusion and questions concerning the fulfilment of the development aspect are emerging. The presented thesis aims to evaluate the success of the integration of developing countries into the multilateral trading system and how the WTO contributes to it.
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China´s trade relations post-WTO accession
Gažar, Marek ; Adámková, Vlasta (advisor) ; Zapletal, Petr (referee)
First chapter describes World Trade Organization. This chapter describes foundation, agreements establishing this organization and its structure. Second chapter focus on trade liberalization in China and on its transition from centrally planned economy to socialist market economy. Third chapter is analysis of China's trade relations post-WTO accession. It describes China's trade relations with its most important trading parners USA, EU, Japan, ASEAN and its specific trade relations with Special Administrative Region Hong Kong and with Russia.
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Gender aspects of African Development
Kolcunová, Petra ; Kváča, Vladimír (advisor) ; Pavlicová, Vendula (referee)
Trade liberalization has different impacts on groups of individuals in the society. Some of them improve their situation, the other ones get worse. Due to the existing gender inequali-ties the distribution of benefits from trade liberalization between women and men is dis-proportional. The paper indentifies main areas, in which are the gender inequalities the most significant. African women are limited in their access to education, productive resources and to technologies, but also to the means of financing. These limits prevent women from full participation in trade and therefore also in economic growth of the country. The creation of new jobs in export-oriented sectors presents the main contribution of trade liberalization for African women. The income they are getting form those jobs are usually used to finance the education and health care for children, that is why their quality of life may improve. The paper concentrates on the reciprocal relation between liberalization and gender equality, which is demonstrated on the status of women in trade and in export-oriented sectors.
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Position of developing countries in the WTO
Hávová, Lenka ; Hnát, Pavel (advisor) ; Suchá, Tereza (referee)
This thesis deals with the position of developing countries in the WTO and their participation in the world trade liberalization. It analyses the applied WTO policy towards developing countries as well. It also focuses on disputable interests between developed and developing countries and their impact on current and future negotiations.
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