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BPQ - Contribution to a validation study
Koutná, Kateřina ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Riegel, Karel (referee)
ANNOTATION: This thesis deals with the Czech version of the BPQ (Borderline Personality Questionare) and aims to verify the psychometric properties questionare. I use custom developed data collected in the context of a larger study NÚDZ aimed at needy validation of a questionnaire method of measuring different facets of personality functioning. Detailed analysis of these data, I concluded that the questionnaire is internally consistent, as I stated prior percentile standards and compared the psychometric properties of the Czech version of the original American version. KEYWORDS: Personality, personality disorders, borderline personality disorder, Borderline Personality Questionare- BPQ
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Effect of birth order on relationship satisfaction
Tureček, Petr ; Havlíček, Jan (advisor) ; Preiss, Marek (referee)
Several previous studies suggest, that early life environment influences partner choice and quality of romantic relationship in adulthood. One of the significant factors influencing individuals in their childhood is the presence of siblings. There were numerous investigations executed whether the number and the sex of partner's siblings has any significant impact on their relationship. For the past few decades the duplication theorem was used as the stepping stone into this field of research. This theorem states that duplication of interpersonal patterns that spouses come from (e.g. couple consisting of firstborn and lastborn) is desired in a romantic relationship. However, nowadays there are some studies implying that in fact homogamy of the sibling positions could be beneficial. We collected data about sibling constellations and romantic relationships of the participants (2537) and their parents (838) through web-based questionnaires. We tested both of the theories listed above considering representation of pairs in the population, their stability and self-report questionnaire-based compatibility. Taking into account also the sex of the siblings we created new categorization of pair based on the degree of common childhood experience; experience that is rooted − as a counterpart to duplication...
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Positive aspects of depressive disorder on social cognition
Beránková, Justýna ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Bartošková, Magda (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to present an unusual view on depressive disorder from the perspective of evolutionary psychologists. Recent studies which are engaged in a positive impact of sad mood and depressive disorder on social cognition are presented. These studies are followed by our own quantitative research. Research group of patients with primary diagnosis of depression (n = 41) and control group (n = 41) were examined by Montgomery and Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Schwartz scale and two original methods, that were created for the purpose of this research. Methods include two videotapes - True or False and Speed Dating which focus on the ability of participants to estimate the given social situation. There was no statistically significant difference between the research and the control group in tasks focused on social cognition. The performance of both groups is comparable.
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Overclaiming test - contribution to validization
Minarčíková, Nikola ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Riegel, Karel (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to validate Czech version of Overclaiming Questionnaire (Paulhus and Bruce 1990, Czech version NÚDZ 2014). Questionnaire authors claim that it serves as a method to assess overclaiming and socially desirable responding in self-reports. Self-presentation is presented in the introduction of the theoretical part, another chapters then focus on self-enhancement in questionnaires and techniques used to detect it. Conclusion addresses the overclaiming technique and the Overclaiming Questionnaire. Main goal of practical part is to validate Czech version of the Overclaiming Questionnaire and evaluation of its usefulness in application context. Hundred and forty people from general population participated in the research, along with sixty-eight applicants for the position of articling attorney or judge. KEYWORDS Overclaiming, self-prezentation, social desirability, impression management, self- deception, inaccurate self-presentation, self-enhancement
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Positive aspects of depression
Halmlová, Martina ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Bartošková, Magda (referee)
This thesis describes an evolutionary theory of depression and related Rumination hypothesis. This hypothesis suggests that depression can have a positive effect on cognition and can lead to an analytical style of thinking that is useful for problem solving. To confirm the hypothesis, this thesis is using tasks focused on sequential decision making called secretary's problem. Thus, the work examines the hypothesis that depressed respondents perform better in the task than healthy respondents. Partial results of the whole study analyzed in this thesis show that the hypothesis could not be confirmed, which the author justifies in the debate and confronts these findings with the results of similar research.
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Possibilities of working memory training and the influence on cognitive functions
Páchová, Anna ; Rendl, Miroslav (advisor) ; Preiss, Marek (referee) ; Lukavský, Jiří (referee)
TITLE: The possibilities of working memory training and the influence on cognitive functions AUTHOR: Anna Páchová DEPARTMENT: Psychology SUPERVISOR: PhDr. Miroslav Rendl, CSc. ABSTRACT: The topic of the PhD thesis was to explore the possibilities of the cognitive development using the training of the basal functions. The analysis of literature showed that (1) working memory (WM) is considered to be the function, which is frequently associated with higher cognitive processes and (2) core training can improve the WM capacity and this improvement seems to be transferred to other types of memory. The transfer to higher cognitive functions (intelligence) was not confirmed unanimously. Training programs were evaluated usually in different groups of individuals but none of these studies considered the possibility of WM training in context of the socio-cultural handicap, even if low SES children achieve poorer performance in cognitive tests including tests of WM. Therefore the aim of this study was to verify the possibilities of WM training on cognitive development with special interest in low SES children. We designed a 400-minutes WM training PC program, which was applied on two groups of children with different SES (low SES - Roma children, middle/high SES - Czech children). The results showed that both groups...
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Theory of Planned Behavior and Counterproductive Work Behavior
Trojanová, Mariana ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Ševčíková, Marcela (referee)
This master thesis aims to explore and predict counterproductive work behavior (CWB) targeted to the employer within a framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The question is examined by quantitative questionnaire survey, assessing attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, intention and actual behavior. The aim of this study is to verify the psychometric properties of a non-standardized questionnaire designed in the theoretical framework of the Theory of Planned Behavior, analysis of functionality of the proposed model and the proposal of its possible improvements to be given. Unrepresentative sample (n = 71 in the first phase of research, n = 41 in the second phase) consists of working adults with a work history of at least one year. The proposed model of the Theory of Planned Behavior is analyzed using the method of multiple linear regression analysis, which shows a statistically significant relationship between the dependent variable and some of the independent variables in the first phase of the research. In the second phase, no significant relationships between variables are found. Since the psychometric properties of the measuring instrument are not satisfactory, the item analysis using principal component analysis is conducted, which identifies some problematic...
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HAPPYneuron Programme Efectivity
Kopecká, Martina ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Bartošková, Magda (referee)
The HAPPYneuron Programme Effectivity The bachelor thesis is designed as a research project. This research tries to explore the effectivity of computer cognitive stimulation programme. The Basic School pupils (located in Pilsen region) participated this research, they had been training this programme for six months. The aim of this research project is a verification of effectivity of cognitive computer programme stimulation (it can cause the school results improvement, daily life activities and relationship with parents). The thesis is divided into two main parts - theoretical and empirical. The theoretical part deals with the main trends and researchs in this area. The empirical part describes the aim of the research project, research questions, the metodology, data collection etc. Data for this research were collected from parents and teacher before and after the training. The results were not statistically significant and we can not confirm the effectivity of this programme of cognitive stimulation. The Canadian ADHD Resource Alliance scales (the translations to Czech langure) are the indivisible part of this thesis. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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