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Qualitative analysis of the right use of anatomical nomenclature in selected Czech scientific journals
Musil, Vladimír ; Papík, Richard (advisor) ; Stingl, Josef (referee)
Tématem rigorózní práce je analýza správného užívání anatomické nomenklatury, české a latinské, ve vybraných odborných českých periodikách kvalitativně porovnávané s českým lékařským periodikem s impakt faktorem. První část je zaměřena na popis historického vývoje lékařské terminologie, a to od 16. století (Vesalius) až po současnou verzi. Je také podán přehled vývoje českého anatomického názvosloví Druhá část podává gramatický přehled tvorby anatomického názvosloví. Třetí část je věnována materiálu a metodice analýzy. Materiálem je časopis Rozhledy v chirurgii. Jako kvalitativně porovnávací byl vybrán titul s IF (Česká a slovenská neurologie a neurochirurgie). Sledovány jsou pouze články in extenso, přehledové práce a kazuistiky. Paralelně je sledována frekvence použití anatomických eponym. Také je zde představen Science Citation Index a impakt faktor a vysvětluje se zde pojem eponym a eponymie. Čtvrtá část prezentuje výsledky vlastní analýzy a jejich zhodnocení.
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název v anglickém jazyce není uveden
Pavlišta, David ; Dušková, Markéta (advisor) ; Stingl, Josef (referee) ; Strnad, Pavel (referee)
Sentinel lymph node biopsy has become an importatnt tool for axillary lymph node staging in women with early-stage breast cancer. The sentinel node (SN), "guardian node," is the first node that drains the tumor. It is assumed that this node is the first location to which the tumor spreads by lymphatics. In certain cases, more of these nodes may be present. In breast cancer, the sentinel node is usually found in the axilla, although in a small percentage of cases it can be present wherever in the lymphatic system of the breast. The procedure is associated with much less morbidity than axillary dissection, and it has become the axillary staging procedure of choice for many surgeons. It appears that blue dye or radiocolloid, or both, may be used to identify the sentinel node effectively. A variety of injection techniques have been verified succesfully, and many factors previously thoughtto affect the accuracy of the procedure have been shown to be of limited signficance. The indications for the procedureare expanding, and the histopathological evaluation of the sentinel node have been clarified. The positive result of imunohistochemical evaluation of the sentinel node have prognostic significance and should alter the therapy. The aim of the model phase was to test if the location of the tumor and its sentinel...
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The occurrence of the ossifications in human costal cartilages - radiograph-scan, histological and histochemical study
Rejtarová, Olga ; Slížová, Dáša (advisor) ; Kreuzberg, Boris (referee) ; Stingl, Josef (referee)
The costal cartilages belong to the group of the permanent cartilages, as well as thyroid, tracheal and the articular cartilages. These cartilages ossify incompletly or do not ossify at all. The ossification of the caudal costal and the articular cartilages is considered to be a manifestation of degeneration, although according to the recent studies the ossification of the thyroid, the tracheal and the first rib cartilages is physiological. The costal cartilage ossification begins at a different age but only in a certain percentage of people. The female and the male pattern of ossification is different. Although the etiology and the occurence of ossification in various populations were studied very deeply, even at the microscopic level, still a lot of questions are not ansvered. Due to the heterogeneity and insuficiency of the data in the Czech literature we decided to evaluate the incidence of the costal cartilage ossification in the sample of the Czech population. We decided to verify the presence of the sexual dimorfism of the ossification and describe the development of the ossification changes at the microscopic level for better understanding of the ossification of human costal cartilage. There are two parts of our study. We used radiograms for the radiological part of the study. We studied...
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Study of the Function of Reproductive Barriers for Use in Vivo and in Vitro Models
Pospěchová, Kateřina ; Semecký, Vladimír (advisor) ; Jirásek, Jan Evangelista (referee) ; Stingl, Josef (referee)
Summary: The main limiting factor of distribution of the drugs in the body is the presence of physiological barriers. Placental and blood-testis-barrier are two barriers that were studied in this thesis. The placenta is an important endocrine organ bringing maternal and fetal blood into proximity, allowing exchange of nutrients and waste products. In addition, the placenta acts as the barrier between the mother and fetus, and plays an important role in fetal protection. The key rate-limiting layer in the placenta is the single layer of syncytiotrophoblast. The placental trophoblast contains multiple drug transporters and metabolizing enzymes that control maternofetal exchange of nutrients and hormones, or which form placental "metabolic" barrier. Moreover, several members of the nuclear receptor superfamily are expressed in placental trophoblasts. They regulate transcription of the genes involved in nutrient transport, mineral metabolism, proliferation and differentiation. Moreover it was suggested that they control expression of placental drug transporters and xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes. Germ cells in the testis are protected mainly by the presence of blood testis barrier, formed by the tight or adherens junctions between Sertoli cells. Moreover, intercellular junctions between Sertoli and germ cells...
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Adhesion Molecules and their Role in Model of Pathological Conditions
Pospíšilová, Naďa ; Semecký, Vladimír (advisor) ; Geršl, Vladimír (referee) ; Stingl, Josef (referee)
Souhrn/Summary 1 Atherosclerosis is one of the major causes of cardiovascular morbidity. This chronic inflammatory disease is characterized by endothelial dysfunction with accumulation of lipids, leukocytes, smooth muscle cells and extracellular matrix within the vessel intima. This process results in reducing of the vessel lumen that can lead to the obstruction of vessel blood flow. The initiation of atherogenic process is characterized by the alteration of endothelial function which is so-called endothelial dysfunction. The endothelial dysfunction is characterized by the expression of cell adhesion molecules and increased endothelial permeability for monocytes, T-cells and lipoproteins. This is beginning of "vicious"circle of atherosclerosis. On of the most important cell adhesion molecules participating in the beginning of atherogenesis are members of the immunoglobulin superfamily, VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molekule-1), ICAM-1 (intracellular cell adhesion molekule-1) and PECAM-1 (platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molekule-1).VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 are transmembrane glycoproteins participacing predominantly in the stabilization leukocyte of interaction with endothelium and transmigration of leukocytes into vessel intima. In this dissertation thesis, the first studies were focused on the endothelial...
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Fresh arterial allograft in vascular surgery - immunosuppression in experiment
Matia, Ivan ; Adamec, Miloš (advisor) ; Stingl, Josef (referee) ; Špatenka, Jaroslav (referee)
Arterial allografts are used nowadays as a modality in the treatment of vascular prosthesis infections. Prolonged administration of immunosuppressive drugs seemed to be essential for long time patency rates of alloarterial vascular reconstructions. Nevertheless, the use of immunosuppressives if there exists an acute infection is controversial. My experimental work described herein studied effects of a delayed low-dose FK 506 administration on the development of acute rejection changes 30 days after aortal transplantation in rats. The response of the recipient's immune system to aortal wall antigens of the donor in the field of no immunosuppression resulted in an intimal proliferation and its infiltration by immunocompetent cells of the recipient, necrosis of medial smooth muscle cells, including deposition of immunoglobulines, and a massive adventitial infiltration of CD4 and CD8 positive cells. On the other hand, all the principal histological signs of rejection listed above were suppressed by FK 506 administration, no matter whether the immunosuppressive was administered on Day 0 or Day 7 after the transplantation.
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Architecture in the dorsal venous system of fingers in relation to replantation
Sukop, Andrej ; Dušková, Markéta (advisor) ; Válka, Jan (referee) ; Veselý, Jiří (referee) ; Stingl, Josef (referee)
Aim 1. In the experimental section to supplement and clarify the topographic anatomy of the venous finger, especially tran and lumen of blood vessels in different anatomic levels, including microscopic and histological verification finger vein system. 2. In clinical practice, develop a methodology to giving adequate venous drainage during revascularization and replantation of the finger parts in different levels depending on anatomy blood supply so that the result was easier to determine strategy operating procedures and increase the success of the performance. 3. Check a functional state of venous anastomoses after finger at different time intervals in correction of other performances on the fingers.
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