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Escape from the chains of sense: towards the subversive force of the texts of F. M. Dostojevsky, F. Kafka and W. Gombrowicz
Jirsa, Tomáš ; Málek, Petr (referee) ; Heczková, Libuše (advisor)
My thesis "Escape from the Chains of Sense: Towards the Subversive Force of the Texts of F. M. Dostoevsky, F. Kafka and W. Gombrowicz" focuses on the phenomenon here called the f1ight of sense. This notion challenges interpretation as a desire for order and for synthesis of the work's semantic direction, and caUs for a different reading of the work. In the introduction, using Adorno's, Deleuze's and Guattari' s concepts, I try to show that the f1ight of sense is not a final state (being without sense) but the act of its f1eeing. Inf1uenced by Barthes and his concept of the pleasure ofthe text, I call the spaces ofthe subversive force, which lets the sense and its reconstruction slip away, ruptures. They lead to a "creative rnisunderstanding" which is a ground for experirnentation. This experimentation does not refuse interpretation and its hermeneutic claim on clear understanding but suggests a different approach: a reading that looks through these ruptures and lets itself get seduced by the gestures and ornaments, which defer or dissolve meaning in the text s of Do sto evsky, Kafka and Gombrowicz. Thus experimentation is an attempt to describe how these elements work together.
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Jurij Lotman - the semiotics of culture and the notion of text
Kacetlová, Klára ; Bílek, Petr (referee) ; Heczková, Libuše (advisor)
Yuri Mikhailovich Lotman dealing with culture (both in general sense and seen as art) as a semiotic phenomenon. Culture is regarded as a collection of heterogeneous, often even extremely contradicting phenomena that ever nevertheless organized in a strict hierarchy. With the passage of time these phenomena rearrange in various ways, change their position and disappear only to appear again. The communication between the individual elements is crucial - the very existence of culture depends on it. A conception very closely connected to culture is a conception of text (which does not necessarily have to be verbal), that is, something that needs to be preserved in regard of a certain culture. In the works I've chosen Lotman deals mainly with textual function and relations between texts and culture, texts and their meaning and texts and their recipients from same or different cultures.My thesis also contains a translation commentary, where I explain more complex terms that are difficult to translate and those that Lotman uses in an unusual way, and a foreword focused on the Tartu-Moscow semiotic school with J. M. Lotman as its chief representative. This part of my thesis deals with the conception of culture and text and its transformations.
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Patient of doctor Hegel and period maiden stories
Beránková, Jana ; Heczková, Libuše (referee) ; Holý, Jiří (advisor)
This thesis is primarily focused on the Marie Pujmanova's book "Patient of Doctor Hegel" and its comparison based on selected works of contemporary literature for women and girls in 1920s and 1930s. The problems of the genre of popular literature, its particularities and trends are briefly described in the introduction chapter. Furthermore, the most important writers of our area are mentioned here too. The main part of the thesis is given to the analysis of the book "Patient of Doctor Hegel", the differences between the first and following adapted editions and moreover the movie version.
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Translating as a component of Pavla Moudrá's writing
Dolečková, Leona ; Heczková, Libuše (referee) ; Kalivodová, Eva (advisor)
This thesis concentrates on three areas in which Pavla Moudrá attained her cultural objectives, namely in the context of public activity, journalism and translation. Although the scope of the thematic areas to which Moudrá devoted herself during her life was relatively wide, it is possible to identify a number of areas which may be considered as being of fundamental importance for her, and which are also reflected most clearly in her writings and translations - spiritualism, the social position of women, the peace movement, the protection of nature and animals and the education of children and young people. In these Moudrá was engaged first and foremost as a conscious propagator of spiritual values, in particular on the basis of the ideas of the theosophical movement, which especially at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century became a domain for women and their public activities.
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Archeology of a woman poet. On the gender dynamic of literary situations
Kalivodová, Eva ; Heczková, Libuše (advisor) ; Kalnická, Zdeňka (referee) ; Merhaut, Luboš (referee)
The dissertation combines two threads of argumentation. One is represented by the exploration of the gender dynamic in several literary situations of the 19th and early 20th centuries. The gender dynamic comprises, in the case of this research, notions of mutuality and interrelatedness of men's and women's cultural values; the always present, but historically changing reality of gender norms in society and culture, and in literature itself; the ways in which individuals cope with these norms. Especially the need to demolish the norms on the side of creative women and their eventual literary achievements are focused by single chapters of the dissertation. The first one rethinks the work of Elizabeth Barrett Browning and ~xplains why it meant a major gendered cultural and literary tum in the English-speaking world in (roughly) mid-19th century. Barrett-Browning's literary accomplishment winning immediate recognition - which has been largely veiled or dismissed by ideologies of 20th century literary histories - is explicated with the help of concepts of the reception theory developed by Hans Robert Jauss. The second chapter switches its focus from the contexts of Barrett-Browning's life and work and her primary reception to her later Czech reception. It brings forward the fact that at the beginning of the 20th...
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Minima prosaica. Czech minime prose in 1890-1900
Topor, Michal ; Merhaut, Luboš (advisor) ; Heczková, Libuše (referee) ; Opelík, Jiří (referee)
The materials for analyses and commentaries assembled in this work are short prosaical texts printed throughout the last decade of the 19th century in Czech joumals. The chapters devoted to the years 1890 and 1990 are in the form of various encraved foils that can be compared, a chapter in between them corresponds to an abbrevation, reduction, a kind of tentative contemplation exposing the more or less distinctive phenomenon (madness) that it models its findings around.
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Femme fatale of the Czech avant-garde? Marie Majerová from a gender point of view
Nývltová, Dana ; Heczková, Libuše (advisor) ; Musilová, Dana (referee) ; Wiendl, Jan (referee)
This thesis explores the work and life of a Czech female writer, Marie Majerová, from a gender point of view. Majerová was well known as a Communist author after WW2; however she is almost unknown as a feminist writer and activist. This study considers the ambiguity of her position from different angles. It primarily concentrates on her contradictory roles as Communist vs feminist and "femme fatale" vs "femme nouvelle", as well as on her relation to female issues. On one hand, she wanted to advocate the position of human kind and their work; no matter what gender they were; on the other hand, she was literally fighting for womens' rights and their own opportunity to express themselves in fiction. Majerová can serve as an example of woman's position in the changing modem world of the first half of the twentieth century. At the same time, she demonstrates an individual approach to literature, politics and life based on the will to change and to influence the world around her. This study focuses on Majerová's fiction, joumalism, correspondence and the image of women, along with her self-created image, as well as on the immediate reception, reviews and critiques and the perception of her work and personality. From a gender point of view, Majerová is interesting as a private person, agitator, politician,...
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Barrack of Death by Jan Weiss
Mácha, Jiří ; Málek, Petr (advisor) ; Heczková, Libuše (referee)
The thesis Barrack of Death by Jan Weiss analyzes the collection of short stories by Jan Weiss from the year 1927. The thesis is composed of three chapters. The first chapter is based on the reception of Barrack of Death. The second part is focused on the relation between Barrack of Death and expressionism. The last chapter consists of a narratological and stylistic analysis which concentrates on possible interpretations of the short stories.
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Emblematic reductions of a writer as a literary icon or a "star"
Libichová, Tereza ; Heczková, Libuše (referee) ; Bílek, Petr (advisor)
Since the dawn of the western literary tradition the meaning and connotations of the terms and concepts of "author" and "authorship" have been changed and discussed many times. Nevertheless, the word "author" still marks someone who is responsible for the creation of a text (or, in a wider meaning, it denotes a creator of any work of art in general), even though nowadays the author is not considered in the romantic meaning of the word, with its connotations focused on biography and life of a historical individual. In current literary theory, the "author" is seen more as three different entities: a psycho-corporeal existence of the author (the "biographical" author), a subject within the text, and eventually an author-character in his own text, whose existence has become the topic of it. Such an allocation of the auctorial subject makes it possible to explore different points of intersection. However, the irrelevance of interpretation from the biographical point of view is emphasized. Therefore, one more auctorial subject is defined: a point of intersection of the "unidentifiable subject behind the text" and the "auctorial subject within the text". Such a perception of the term offers the possibility to analyze certain literary texts with an emphasis on the so-called "emblematic reductions".
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Antonín Macek: the poet, publicist and writer
Konvalinka, Filip ; Heczková, Libuše (referee) ; Vaněk, Václav (advisor)
The present study Antonín Macek: the poet, the publicist and the prosaist is concerned with the works of Antonín Macek, one of the forgotten Czech authors of the first two decades of twentieth century. The literary science has not taken the sufficient account of his artistic legacy so far. Just the marxistic theorists in the second half of twentieth century has perused his writings and viewed Macek's merely as a revolutionary socialistic writer with respect to his leftist politics (displayed especially in his journal articles). Our main purpose is to prove that this view is quite simplified and that Macek's work at full is much richer. For this purpose we tried to restore all the original editions of Macek's writings (especially his poems and tales) to reach new and current interpretation. We attempted to specify his apparently solitary place in the history of Czech literature by marking out his relations to more remarkable writers of Macek's epoch (such as S. K. Neumann, F. X. Šalda, J. S. Machar, M. Marten, O. Theer etc.) and incorporate his works in the field of opposed contemporary styles (such as symbolism, social poetry, nature lyrics, proletary poetry etc.). We have applied special respect to religious aspects of Macek's writings, which were depreciated by the latter marxistic interpreters. Our...
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