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Reference value for handgrip strength and skeletal muscle mass for children aged 4 to 12 years in the Czech republic.
Vrba, Jakub ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Kinkorová, Ivana (referee)
Title: Reference value for handgrip strength and skeletal muscle mass for children aged 4 to 12 years in the Czech republic. Objectives: The main aim of this study was to create reference values for handgrip strength dependent on body mass index (BMI) and for skeletal muscle index (SMI) among children in the Czech republic. Methods: 442 children participated in this study realized in five different places of the Czech republic. There were used bioelectrical impedance analysis to body composition and isometric handgrip dynamometer to handgrip strength measurements. Results: Reference values of handgrip strength dependent on body mass index (BMI) and skeletal muscle index (SMI) were calculated. Percentile nomograms for both genders separately are provided according to age from 4 to 12. Conclusion: Handgrip strength dependent on BMI as well as SMI increased with age in both genders. Boys showed higher level in both variables, nevertheless, the only in SMI there was a statistically significant difference. Keywords: Handgrip strength, skeletal muscle mass, BMI, SMI
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Comparison of physical fitness and overall school performance in children at basic school
Sýkorová, Alžběta ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Chrudimský, Jan (referee)
Introduction: Physical fitness and academic achievement may constitute two interrelated variables. Students with higher physical fitness can achieve better learning outcomes in school. Objective: To determine whether students with better learning outcomes have also better outcomes in physical performance tests compared to students with low school achievement. Methods: 167 elementary and primary school students age 11.06 ± 2.4 years old (92 girls and 75 boys) participated in the comparative cross-sectional study. A special seven-item test battery was used to determine their level of physical fitness. Pupils were divided into two groups according to their learning outcomes statements. Results: Students with better learning outcomes had higher physical fitness in the individual tests in the most cases. Statistical analysis of standardized Z-score revealed a statistically significant better physical fitness (p ˂ 0.05) for all students with better learning outcomes in all age groups except the boys from the 2nd stage (p = 0.268). Conclusion: The results showed that students with better learning outcomes also had greater physical fitness. Keywords: academic achievement, physical fitness, elementary and primary school
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Recreational rowing as a form of leisure-time physical activities.
Omcirk, Dan ; Hráský, Pavel (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title of bachelor thesis: Recreational rowing as a form of leisure-time physical activities Author: Dan Omcirk Supervisor of thesis: Mgr. Pavel Hráský, Ph.D. Objective: Find out why respondents chose recreational rowing as their leisure-time physical activity. How is rowing beneficial or has negative effects to respondents perceive. Methodology: For research purposes was used public inquiry of three rowing clubs. Survey was completed by total number of 32 respondents aged from 23 to 75 years, of which 18 were males and 14 females. Results: Participants of public inquiry indicates positive changes due to recreational rowing. Respondent's development of conditional assumptions. Recreational swing is not usually recommended by doctors as a leisure physical activity. Recreational rowing is not conditioned by age of respondents. Keywords: physical fitness, physical activity, hypokinesia, rowing, endurance requirements, power requirements
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The most frequent causes of injuries in pole vault athletes and its prevention- a review
Suchelová, Nikola ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Vindušková, Jitka (referee)
Backgrounds: Pole vault could be counted among the most frequently mentioned athletic disciplines in terms of injuries. In the recent past there have been done a number of changes of rules which have led to a reduction in the number of accidents. Objectives: The main objective of this study was to identify the most common causes of accidents and injuries in pole vault, to describe preventive measures that have already been carried out and to draw attention to the others which could be possible. Methods: This work provides a systematic review combined with practical experience. Four electronic databases - EBSCO, ScienceDirect, WoS, PubMed were used to obtain the relevant information. Conclusion: Although there have been made several significant changes of rules leading to better safety, it is still necessary to continue the discussion about further measures such as the obligation to wear a helmet or to insert a box padding which could limit the risk of injury in the pole vault even more. KEY WORDS: pole vault, athletics, injuries, causes, prevention
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Adaptation of organism on training load in artistic gymnastics
Duba, Jiří ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Chrudimský, Jan (referee)
Title: Adaptation of organism on training load in artistic gymnastics Objectives: The goal of this crosscutting study is to discover how the artistic gymnasts in prechool age and school age differ from other children in the same age category. Methods: The method of this study consisted of analysis of body composition of 82 boys in age 7,51 ±1,9. Kruskal Wallis test was used to test the hypothesis of conformity in the results of individual variables across test groups to compare differences among all groups. A Mann- Whitney U test with Bonferroni correction was used in post-hoc analysis. Results: Statistically significant differences between gymnasts and other participants were found in the percentage body fat. The school age with values (p ˂ 0,001), (r = 0,542) and the preschool age (p = 0,015), (r = 0,530). There were not statistically significant differences in the other measures. Conclusion: Surprisingly, gymnasts in both age groups did not differ very much in most categories. Statistically significant difference was between gymnasts and other in percentage body fat, where gymnasts had these values much lower across all categories. Keywords: adaptation, training, artistic gymnastics, preschool age, school age
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Fitness Programs for Seniors
Toman Hrušková, Zdeňka ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title: Fitness programs for seniors. Objectives: The purpose of the following thesis is to test three seniors and to determine, if an offered intervention program influenced and improved their condition. Methods: Three seniors 71 - 80 years old took part in the program. Two men at the age of 74 and 80 and a woman at the age of 71. The level of a functional body fitness was measured with the help of a modified test battery Senior Fitness Test (Rikli, Jones, 2013), the strength of hand pressure with Hang Grip dynamometer and the body composition with a bioelectrical impedance (BIA), which is used for body fat and fat free mass measurements. The seniors were tested at the beginning and at the end of the program. The intervention program was carried out in the course of 8 weeks, performed 2x a week for 40 minutes at an average intensity. The performance changes were recorded and differences calculated. Final results were compared to test SFT values. Results: Test results proved that a chosen intervention program led to changes. Following results have been achieved: 30-Second Chair Stand Test: proband 1 improvement of 11, 1%, proband 2 improvement of 5, 3% and proband 3 no change; Chair Sit-and-Reach Test: proband 1 improvement of 5, 0%, proband 2 improvement of 33, 3% and proband 3 no change; Back...
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Relation between chosen indicators of Wingate test and performance of racers in category K1 junior women slalom
Hapák, Michal ; Bílý, Milan (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Topic: Relation between chosen indicators of Wingate test and performance of racers in category K1 junior women slalom. Aim: Determination of values of 30-s Wingate test function indicators in women water slalom (junior cathegory). Assessment of the relation between selected indicators and the performance in the nomination races, comparison of the indicators with the overall rankings in the nomination races. Methods: 30-s all out Wingate test on arm lever ergometer in UK FTVS laboratory. Usage of multidimensional statistical methods for correlation of Wingate test's chosen indicators with results of junior nomination races. Comparison of overall ranking in nomination races with total rates of functional indicators. Results: Results show, that rates of chosen functional parameters of Wingate test seem to be a suitable indicator of anaerobic endurance in category K1. High relation between performance and rates of chosen functional parameters was not reliably proved. Core words: Wingate test, functional indicators, anaerobic endurance, factors, performance, K1 junior women, correlation.
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The effect of functional training on parameters of body composition
Stránská, Eva ; Kinkorová, Ivana (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title: The effect of functional training on parameters of body composition Objective: The main objective of the study was to analyze changes in selected parameters of body composition, which occurred due to a four-month exercise program. Method: The work has the character of an empirical research, where the main method is observation. The observed group were consisted of women (n = 15), who were attending to fitness center Partyfit in Prague. We were measured the basic anthropometric parameters (body height, body weight, BMI). To obtain the input and output data to evaluation the parameters of body composition was used bioelectrical impedance BIA (Bodystat Quadscan 4000). For determination of input and output parameters was used paired t-test (statistical significance p <0.05). To assess the substantive significance we applied (Cohen - d). Results: The results of our study show that during the specific four-month exercise program occured changes in all parameters of body composition. The most significant differences were detected in the parameter total body water 2.2%, resp. (0.9 l), total body fat 2.2%, resp. (1.3 kg) and fat free mass to 2.2%, resp. (1 kg). For other parameters the differences were slightly less significant. Key words: Active lifestyle, anthropometry, bioelectrical impedance,...
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Active lifestyle for seniors
Svobodová, Petra ; Hráský, Pavel (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title: Active lifestyle for seniors Objectives: Contribute to the issue of supporting positive attitude of man to active old age and based on literature search evaluate influence and significance of physical activities in the process of aging; also suggest possible means of influencing health and seniors' quality of life. Methods: Search of domestic and foreign professional literature, which handles the topic of aging. Results: Physical activity in old age is significant. It brings many benefits and it positively influences physical and psychological aspects of man. When choosing suitable activity for seniors, it is necessary to respect their individuality, especially their health condition and previous physical experiences. Keywords: seniors, age, ageing, lifestyle, physical activity, physiological and psychological changes
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Reduction of body weight before the competitions in fitness - a review study
Nosková, Tereza ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Kinkorová, Ivana (referee)
Title: Reduction of body weight before the competitions in fitness - a review study Objectives: The main aim of the bachelor thesis was to analyze the specifics and principles of nutrition in bodybuilding, to characterize the most commonly used diets, and to identify the most appropriate diet during the pre-competitive period. Methods: In this review study, the electronic databases SportDiscuss, ScienceDirect and Ebsco were used to obtain relevant information. In addition, the work contains an appendix illustrating the author's own experience of work in preparing for competitions in bodybuilding in the Bikini fitness category. Results: The bachelor thesis contains a brief overview of some dietary guidelines and recommendations, which are commonly practiced before a bodybuilding competition. It gives the choice and comparison of both diets that are currently used and those used in the past. Conclusions: The analysis of the dietary recommendations shows that, at present, there is no single universal recommendation. However, the choice of diet should be individualized based on the current needs of athletes. Key words: Reduction, body fat, body weight, training, athlete, bodybuilding, nutrition, diet
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