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Body parts in folk songs (The perspective of ethnoliguistics and cognitive poetics)
Zudová, Tereza ; Vaňková, Irena (advisor) ; Heczková, Libuše (referee)
(in English): This interdisciplinary thesis deals with the relation of oral tradition and somatic terms - words describing specific parts of the human body. The analysis is based on the ethnolinguistics, the theory of term's profile in particular, that deals with the question of which somatic terms serve as the inputs to semantic contexts and what is their dominant meaning. The thesis focuses on general interpretation of folk poetry, while aiming to those poetic methods and characteristics that are coherent to the main subject of the thesis. Next chapter describes ethno-linguistics and explains its methods and theory - the relation of language and culture, language stereotypes and mainly the theory of term's profile. The core of the thesis is the chapter dedicated to somatic terms: hands, eyes, blood, cheeks, mouth and face. Based on the collections Prostonárodní české písně a říkadla (National Czech songs and riddles) by K. J. Erben and Moravské národní písně (Moravian national songs) by F. Sušil, it determines the meaning profiles. In these it describes more closely in what meanings the terms mentioned above appear in folk songs.
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Ways of Breaking the Hegemonic Language Game in the Novels by Elfriede Jelinek, Ingeborg Bachmann, and Thomas Bernhard
Jakešová, Markéta ; Činátlová, Blanka (advisor) ; Heczková, Libuše (referee)
in English The aim of this diploma thesis is to compare novels by Elfriede Jelinek, Ingeborg Bachmann, and Thomas Bernhard on the grounds of each authors' different understanding of language and its limits. The first part is concerned with what I found typical of the novels: Bachmann's Malina (1971) describes and represents the search for (non-violent) language, Jelinek's The Piano Teacher (1983) makes use of violent language as a weapon against violence, and Bernhard's novels problematize the question of truth and objectivity by means of first-person narrators and nested testimonies. The second part uses Roman Jakobson's theory of language as a combination of metaphor and metonymy and shows the ways in which novels can emphasize one or the other pole and what it tells about the language as a whole. Especially in the case of the texts by Bachmann and Jelinek, the important methodological models for his paper are feminist theories: theories of language and means of expression (Drucilla Cornell, John Berger), theories of cultural conditionality of the body (Simone de Beauvoir, Iris Marion Young) and feminist texts which connect body and language (Beatrice Hanssen). On the contrary, in the novels and for their analysis, the approaches that allow for gender essentialism (Luce Irigaray) prove to be...
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Body, physicality and identity in Fight club novel
Alferyová, Jana ; Heczková, Libuše (advisor) ; Šebek, Josef (referee)
This thesis examines the issues of body, embodiment and indentity in relation to the novel Fight Club by Chuck Palahniuk. The duality between speech and embodiment is explored in depth, both in the story of the novel and in the author's narrative style. Furthermore, the issue of power in relation to the society as well as towards one's own identity is discussed.
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Image of Woman in Japanese Popular Culture in the 2nd half of the 20th century
Křivánková, Anna ; Sýkora, Jan (advisor) ; Heczková, Libuše (referee) ; Tirala, Martin (referee)
This thesis follows my previous studies of modern Japanese society and popular culture. I will especially focus on gender stereotypes, particularly negative stereotypes concerning women who refuse to bow to a substantial pressure from society endowed with a strong Confucian tradition. It was this very tradition - together with a foreign concept akin to the Western domesticity cult - what gave rise to the ideal of "good wife, wise mother" (rjósai kenbo), which at least in some form remains quite tangible even in contemporary Japanese society. One of the tasks this thesis wants to undertake is to describe how the negative stereotyping of women who stood in either conscious or natural opposition towards this ideal affected portrayal of women in Japanese popular culture (especially comics), which can be a very good perpetuator of all kinds of stereotypes. At the same time, I would like to find out whether it managed to partially subvert at least some of the negative images of women who refused to be good wives and wise mothers. Key words: gender stereotypes, Japan, popular culture, comics, rjósai kenbo, manga
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Two concepts of poetism. Karel Teige and E. F. Burian
Rozbořilová, Adéla ; Heczková, Libuše (advisor) ; Vojvodík, Josef (referee)
This thesis characterises E. F. Burian's early conception of Poetism in contrast to Teige's "mainstream" avantgarde conception, focusing on the period of Burian's stay in Prague between 1924 and 1930. The crucial aspect of the problem is Burian's emphasis on acoustics and tonality in poetry, opposed to Teige's optical poems based on visuality. First, the main ideas of Teige's program are set up. The thesis then follows Burian's artistic progression, analysing all Burian's fundamental writings (Polydynamika, Idioteon etc.) and explains his idea of polydynamics. The aim is to explicate Burian's vision of poetism and its application in contemporary cultural environment, based on what Burian reflects in his writings. Keywords: Emil František Burian, Karel Teige, Poetism, tonality, visuality, optical poetry, voiceband, polydynamics
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Vlasta and Libuše. The mythic representations of woman in the epics of Julius Zeyer
Schödelbauerová, Viktorie ; Heczková, Libuše (advisor) ; Merhaut, Luboš (referee)
The bachelor thesis is devoted to chosen women's heroines of the circle of epic poems Vyšehrad by Julius Zeyer, and it tries with help of selected definitions of myth and pathos to cover principals, that are expressed through these characters and ways, by which are their roles constructed. After in the introductory chapter we familiarize with main features of myth and a role of pathos and in short we take a look of the author's life, the formation of the cycle itself, context in which the writing fits thematically and period reception, in the principal part of the thesis we firstly focus on issues of women's characters in Julius Zeyer's writing in general, and subsequently in analysis of text on description and explanation Vlasta and Libuše specifically. In comparison of these two heroines has been managed to rehabilitate the character of Vlasta, whose traditional interpretation of the evil character is not valid in the case of Zeyer's epic. The meaning of this thesis primarily consists in an interest of exploration fewer usual types of women's characters in Czech literature, that means a woman - a warrior and also in possibility to consult the phenomenon of the princess Libuše from the different perspective.
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Karel Teige, Jan Mukařovský and Bohuslav Brouk as Theorists of Surrealism
Kuchařová, Markéta ; Heczková, Libuše (advisor) ; Vojvodík, Josef (referee)
The content of the thesis is the surrealistic object and its reflection among the czech theorists. The first part of the thesis describes the problematic of surrealistic object and subject-objective relations in surrealism. Breton's philosophical approach is introduced, as well as his concept of object's crisis. The first part also outlines the meaning of found object, concept of convulsive beauty and Dali's paranoic-critical method as a source of surrealistic imagery. The second part of the thesis is focused on the reflection of surrealistic object presentation and on relations between arts and reality according to the concepts of Jan Mukařovský. The third part of the thesis is dedicated to conceptualization of aesthetics of Bohuslav Brouk in the light of surrealism. In this part the scope of Brouk's understanding of subject-objective relations is briefly described, as well his interpretation of surrealistic object.The last part of the thesis outlines the Teige's conception of surrealistic work in the terms of the sources of surrealistic imagination.
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Technology of morbid in fairy tales
Prokopová, Eliška ; Vojvodík, Josef (advisor) ; Heczková, Libuše (referee)
(in English): The diploma thesis deals with the specific conception of body and corporeality in fairy tales, especially with morbid elements which are often reflected as non-fairy tale. The fairy tales of Karel Jaromír Erben, Hans Christian Andersen and Oscar Wilde are the main focus. The thesis also introduces the theory of the Swiss scholar Max Lüthi formulated in The European Folktale: Form and Nature into the Czech context. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical section provides a complex explication of Max Lüthi's theory of the fairy tale. It examines the main terms that Luthi defined for the fairy tale: One-dimensionality, Depthlessness, Abstract Style, Isolation and Universal Interconnection, Sublimation and All-Inclusiveness. Then the frame of this theory is extended into the field of the authorial fairy tale. The diploma thesis then sums up the differences and the points of contact between those two subgenres using The Story of the Eldest Princess as an example. The practical part focuses on relevant strategies of handling the body and corporeality in fairy tales. The last chapter deals with techniques of breaking the surface of the fairy tale characters' bodies, with internal destruction of the body and with the elements in between. All is...
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Novel adaptations for youths
Položijová, Jana ; Špirit, Michael (advisor) ; Heczková, Libuše (referee)
The thesis focuses on literary adaptations and their relations to the originals. First the adaptation as a literary genre is introduced, together with the history of clasical works adaptations for children in Czech literature. The main body of the thesis compares three novels written by Jules Verne, namely: Dick Sand, A Captain at Fifteen, Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea and The Mysterious Island, and their adaptations by Ondřej Neff. In case of the Dick Sand, A Captain at Fifteen Ondřej Neff mostly preserves the original story line, whereas there are changes related to the ending of the story, in which new involutions and conclusions are introduced. The novel Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea is the most modified of the compared novels. Ondřej Neff comes up with new story lines changing the backbone of the novel. Even personalities of some main characters are distinctively changed, including captain Nemo. The novel The Mysterious Island is the least changed; Ondřej Neff altered mainly the descriptive scenes, which were shortened or completely ommited to make the text more dynamic. In the end of the thesis results of a short questionary are reported; the attitude of young readers to adaptations and their purpose and functionality are assesed.
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