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Blackflies of the Czech Republic and their feeding preferences
Blechová, Karolína ; Brzoňová, Jana (advisor) ; Dvořák, Vít (referee)
Blackflies are globally distributed small flies belonging to the order Diptera, known as common nuisance for humans and vectors of certain parasites. The most commonly transmitted parasites include the genera Onchocerca, Leucocytozoon and Trypanosoma. For humans the most significant species is Onchocerca volvulus, which causes onchocerciasis (or "river blindness") in tropical areas. This thesis is about faunistics of blackflies in the Czech Republic, where was described 45 species of these flies to this date. First mentions of the family Simuliidae are from 19th century. More specific studies about these arthropods have been published since the 1950s and the main concern of these studies was to study blackflies at specific locations. More recent studies put focus primarly on blackflies as vectors. Host preferences are an important aspect in the characterization of blackflies and all vectors in general. Host preferences of blackflies are highly variable among species, ranging from ornitophilic blackflies tied strictly to a single host species (S. euryadminiculum with specifity on common loon) to opportunist species feeding on both mammals and birds (S. vernum). Host preferences have been adressed in only small number of studies. Classic method used for determination of host preference is...
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Effect of temperature on sand fly biology and Leishmania transmission
Charvátová, Lada ; Sádlová, Jovana (advisor) ; Dvořák, Vít (referee)
and keywords The current rise in air temperature causes a range of global changes, affecting many species of organisms and their interactions. Phlebotomine sand flies are small members of Dipteran insects of the family Psychodidae, subfamily Phlebotominae, transmitting Leishmania, parasitic flagellates (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) that cause the important human disease leishmaniasis. Based on the literature review, the external temperature significantly affects the biology of sand flies. High temperature accelerates their metabolism and shortens the growth rate of immature stages, also influencing body size and body weight (faster development in higher temperatures makes them smaller). The time needed for blood digestion is also reduced, and female defecation and oviposition are accelerated. On the other hand, cold temperatures prolong growth, and cause lower emergence of adult sand flies, slower digestion of blood, or number of laid eggs. Very high or very low temperatures can cause diapause in the larval stage or eggs. In general, the optimal temperature to cover all of their physiological needs is 24-28 řC. Temperature impacts the development of Leishmania in sand flies as well, it is likely that Leishmania has a lower optimal temperature as opposed to sand flies, and therefore some...
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Risk of introducton of leishmaniases into Europe
Přibylová, Helena ; Dvořák, Vít (advisor) ; Vojtková, Barbora (referee)
Leishmania is a genus of parasitic protozoa-causing disease called leishmaniasis. This disease manifests itself in some clinical forms. Proven vectors are phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) From more than 900 described species of Phlebotomus to date, probably more than 80 are proven or suspected vectors of leishmanias. The main endemic area is the Mediterranean in Europe, where the proven or suspected phlebotomine sand flies occur. Over the years, more leishmaniasis cases have been reported (more than 10,000 cases of human nonendemic leishmaniasis and more than 700 imported cases of canine leishmaniasis usually from non-endemic European countries). Imported cases of leishmaniasis are mostly reported among tourists and travellers who travel due to their professional reasons (scientists, workmen, soldiers) and migrants. Phlebotomine sand flies spread to new areas and the models, which are based on climate change and the environment, show, that this trend will continue. This thesis tries to discuss some risk factors associated with the potential risk of introducing and spreading leishmaniasis into Europe. Keywords: Leishmania, Phlebotomus, leishmaniasis, introduction, Europe, distribution, risks, hosts, vectors
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Design of automatic tool change for robotic machining
Dvořák, Vít ; Vetiška, Jan (referee) ; Bradáč, František (advisor)
This master's thesis deals with the design of a station for automatic tool change for robotic machining at the UVSSR CELL robotic workplace. This workplace is located in the laboratories of the Institute of Production Machines, Systems and Robotics FSI BUT. In the introductory theoretical part, robotic machining technology is briefly described, which is followed by research in the area of systems for automatic tool change. Next, individual parts of the machining cell are described. This is followed by a system analysis, in which the solved problem is analysed in detail. In the next chapter, 3 designs of the automatic exchange station are created, and the most suitable design is selected using multi-criteria analysis. The chosen design is then processed in detail in terms of construction, including the choice of tires and sensors. After that, the concept of the automatic replacement peripheral is designed and processed. which in this case is the cleaning station. After processing the structure, it is proposed to connect the electronics of both stations, including modifications in the main switchboard of the machining cell. Detailed drawing documentation of both stations and electronic wiring diagrams are part of the appendix. In the next chapter, functional blocks are designed for controlling the cycle of automatic tool change by the robot and manual tool change in the station. The proposal also includes a description of the management of selected devices. The following is a design of the HMI for handling error conditions and managing the exchange cycle. Finally, a safety assessment of manual tool change in the station is processed.
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Concrete ribbed slab
Dvořák, Vít ; Perla, Jan (referee) ; Strnad, Jiří (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with a design of monolithic reinforced concrete, line supported and cross reinforced slab and a design of supporting reinforced concrete ribs. The plan of the slabs is rectangular and one time bent. The content bachelor thesis is calculation and design of reinforcement of slab and ribs. For the calculation was used software Scia Engineer 14 and was checked by manually calculation. The slab is located in the first floor of polyfunctional house. Other parts of the object are not covered by the thesis.
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Design of a photovoltaic power plant for a family house near Jihlava
Dvořák, Vít ; Maule, Petr (referee) ; Vaněk, Jiří (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the design of a photovoltaic solar power station for a specific family house in the Jihlava region. The aim of the work was to get acquainted with technologies about the production of solar systems, evaluate the market in the Czech Republic and create a design of photovoltaic solar power station. Three designs of power stations were created with the help of the PV * SOL design system. Each design uses different photovoltaic cell technology. The result of each power station design is a complete finished project, which is based on many factors such as the efficiency of the entire system in a certain location, financial analysis, return on investment and more. In addition, these projects meet the conditions for the preparation of the subsidy program Nová zelená úsporám. At the end of the work, all three designed power stations are evaluated and with the help of multicriteria analysis, the best and most advantageous power station design for the given locality is determined. In the end, the idea of further development of the project is presented.
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Digital commissioning of a robotic production system for sandblasting technologies
Dvořák, Vít ; Szabari, Mikuláš (referee) ; Vetiška, Jan (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the digital commissioning of a robotic production system for blasting aluminum castings. The introductory theoretical part discusses the technology of digital commissioning and blasting technology. The practical part is divided into several parts. In the first part, a system analysis is created, which sets out the conditions that the system should meet. The following is a conceptual design of a robotic cell, selection of individual system devices and determination of technological parameters. In the third part, a technological jig is designed, which is used to set up the blasted part inside the cabin. The last part deals with the creation of the robot path and the creation of the basic logic of the production system in the ABB RobotStudio program.
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Social Audit in GEOtest Brno Company
Kristenová, Lenka ; Dvořák, Vít (referee) ; Putnová, Anna (advisor)
This master´s thesis deals with an actual theme, which is the business ethics and the corporate social responsibility. It includes view of main concepts. Then is documented situation in GEOtest Brno Company and realized the social audit. Results of the questionnaire research are analysed and completed by concept of introduction.
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Block of flats at Vinohrady street
Dvořák, Vít ; Šiška, Radek (referee) ; Strnad, Jiří (advisor)
The master´s thesis is focused on a design of monolithic reinforced concrete construction of an apartment building. The content of this work is design of two ceiling slabs, staircase, supporting columns, walls, girders and concrete pile construction of foundation. Thesis includes working-out of static calculation, elaboration drawing of shape, reinforcement of solved elements and evolvement of assembly drawings. The rest of the project parts are not analysed.
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Změny v množství vázaného uhlíku v nadzemní biomase v lesní rezervaci Greenfields, Nikaragua
Dvořák, Vít
The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the amount of carbon sequestered in the private reserve Greenfields, located in a tropical rainforest in Nicaragua. Two forest inventories were carried out (in 2015 and 2022), and from the obtained data, the biomass and the amount of sequestered carbon in the forested area of the Greenfields reserve were calculated. The data was then compared with the results of other similarly focused studies in the area, contextualized within biological succession, and finally, a financing system for the reserve was proposed through carbon trading payments.
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