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Grammar-Based Translation Framework
Vít, Radek ; Kolář, Dušan (referee) ; Meduna, Alexandr (advisor)
V této práci prozkoumáváme existující algoritmy pro přijímání jazyků definovaných bezkontextovými gramatikami. Na základě těchto znalostí navrhujeme nový model pro reprezentaci LR automatů a s jeho pomocí definujeme nový algoritmus LSCELR. Modifikujeme algoritmy pro přijímání jazyků k vytvoření algoritmů pro překlad založený na překladových gramatikách. Definujeme atributové překladové gramatiky jako rozšířené překladové gramatiky pro definici vztahů mezi vstupními a výstupními symboly překladu. Implementujeme překladový framework ctf založený na gramatikách, který implementuje překlad pomocí LSCELR. Definujeme jazyk pro popis atributových překladových gramatik a implementujeme překladač pro překlad této reprezentace do zdrojového kódu pro implementovaný framework.
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Analysis of glucans in plant and microbial samples
Vít, Radek ; Němcová, Andrea (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
The aim of the diploma thesis is study of glucans production in selected species of yeasts, algae and plants. Cultivation conditions for yeast strains were performed to gain increased production of glucans under different temperature conditions and in media of different composition. Into the set of tested yeasts species strains Saccharomyces cerevisiae (CCY 6646), Sporidiobolus pararoseus (CCY 19-9-6), Phaffia rhodozyma (CCY 77-1), Rhodotorula glutinis (CCY 20-78-26) and Cystofilobasidium infirmominiatum (CCY 17-18-4) were enrolled. Saccharomyces cerevisiae was cultivated as a control strain because of its verified production of -glucans. -glucans were determinated by the enzyme kit K-YBGL Megazyme. For comparison, algal strain Euglena gracilis (CCALA 349), some species of mushrooms (shiitake, oyster mushroom, garden champignon and Jew’s ear) and cereals (wheat, rye, oats, rice and barley) were analysed too. Further, fatty acid content in the yeast cells was determined by the GC/FID. The best producer of yeast -glucans was R. glutinis CCY 20-7-26, which showed the highest biomass production (12-14 g/l) and also a relatively high amount of -glucans (25-30 %), in cultivation at 15 °C in a medium containing yeast extract in combination with ammonium sulphate. The presence of -glucans has been demonstrated in the microalgae, Euglena gracilis CCALA 349, as well as in samples of higher fungi and cereals.
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Analysis and characterization of beta-glucans from some natural sources
Vít, Radek ; Hudečková, Helena (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
The aim of the bachelor thesis is to test and characterize commercially available products with declared -glucans content. The theoretical part describes -glucans, their possible sources, properties and utilization. Further, the theoretical part is focused on methods for determination of -glucan content. Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast and oyster mushroom fungus are available as commercial sources of -glucans. Next individual groups of the active substances and principles of the methods used for their characterization are described too. In experimental part of this work the extracts from five commercially available sources of -glucans were prepared and characterized. Antioxidant activity, total polyphenols, proteins and carbohydrates were determined. For selected products, the content of vitamin C using HPLC and the lipid content using GC-FID were determine as well. An enzymatic method was used to determine the -glucan content. Two samples of the highest antioxidant activity were then subjected to antimicrobial and MTT tests.
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Translation Grammars: Properties and Applications
Vít, Radek ; Krčmář, Radim (referee) ; Meduna, Alexandr (advisor)
The goal of this thesis is to discuss translation grammars and their use in syntax-driven translation. It provides an example of the use of translation grammars in predictive top-down translation and provides formal devices for language accepting and translation output generation. It examines the descriptional complexity of tranlation grammars as language generating devices. An implementation of a translation framework using these devices is described and a simple compiler is designed and implemented using this framework. This compiler translates a new language REON designed in this paper to Python 3.
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Demotivation among English Language Students and How to Face it
Macasová, Hana ; Vít, Radek (advisor) ; Synková, Klára (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to develop the awareness about the existence of demotivation at English lessons and its possible reasons. Major concepts connected with motivation and demotivation are clarified, along with main demotivating factors at school such as a teacher, student's personality, fear or inadequate use of prize and punishment. The research in the form of a questionnaire realised at a primary and a secondary school was done to describe the degree of demotivation at those schools and to find the reasons for it. It was found out that the degree of demotivation is relatively high, prevalent in boys rather than girls. The main demotivating factors seem to be a teacher, a course book and students' laziness. Also the motivating power of praise was confirmed. It was indicated that demotivation is a serious problem that should be solved and therefore some suggestions how to motivate demotivated pupils are introduced. Key words motivation, demotivation, boredom, fear, teacher, pupils, English language
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Teaching English in the Czech Step by Step Preschool Programme
Forestová, Mahulena ; Vít, Radek (advisor) ; Morgan, Craig Alan (referee)
The Bachelor's thesis Teaching English in the Czech Step by Step Preschool Programme deals with the manner in which English is implemented into the Step by Step programme in selected preschools. The first chapter provides a brief outline of the history of the Step by Step programme. Chapter two summarizes the methods and approaches used in teaching English as a second language to very young learners. The third chapter outlines the principles of the Step by Step preschool programme, the daily schedule of Step by Step preschools and provides a proposal on how English can be implemented into the programme. Chapter four is the practical part of the thesis and presents research analysis of teaching English in selected Step by Step preschools with the presentation and interpretation of results of interviews and questionnaires given to teachers of the selected preschools.
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Text-based Computer mediated communication: forms, characteristics & influence on peripheral English vocabulary
Buršík, Ondřej ; Vít, Radek (advisor) ; Dvořák, Bohuslav (referee)
This B.A. Thesis introduces main forms of text-based Computer mediated communication in order to demonstrate that they differ in the level to which they motivate user's employment of new English peripheral vocabulary. General characteristics of the forms as well as results of their influence on English peripheral lexicon are discussed to provide better understanding of the issue. The work also addresses potential threats of utilization of computer mediated communication to the English language. The final conclusion is that there certainly are differences between forms of computer mediated communication in terms of employment of new specific lexicon and also that this new vocabulary does not represent a significant threat to the English language.
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In What Ways Is the English Language CHanging the World?
Pánková, Luisa ; Vít, Radek (advisor) ; Bojarová, Marie (referee)
This thesis deals with the growing importance of the English language in the world and social changes associated with it. The theoretical part is devoted to the historical development of English as a global language and its geographic expansion, as well as current changes connected with the English language. It is estimated that in the future the number of English speakers from other countries than the English-speaking ones will increase, and that this trend will affect the character of the language. The practical part mentions statistics related to information technology, language skills of Europeans and learning English in the Czech Republic. They are followed by examples of Anglicisms used in Czech, German and other languages. An Internet survey among primary school pupils, teenagers and adults is also an important part of the thesis. Detailed results are presented in the appendices.
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