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Economic and social impacts of migration : The case of the United Kingdom
Béres, Dóra ; Karásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee)
From 2015, a huge influx of refugees came from the Middle East, the Balkans, Central Asia and Africa to Europe. It is triggered by various persecutions, armed wars, economic impossibility. The majority of those arrived were refugees, those who had fled their country due to imminent threat or persecution and were even trying to reach the European continent at the risk of their lives. The others are economic immigrants who have migrated to the European Union in the hope of a better life - to work, study or reunite. The UK has been a major destination for both migrants and refugees for many decades. The dissertation draws attention to the complex effects of migration, with a particular focus on the host country, and highlights, especially in the UK, the need for migrants in an aging society in Europe, even if the public thinks otherwise. With the Brexit, the UK has exited the European Union, cut back on previous benefits for EU migrants and is opening up to former Commonwealth members as sending countries.
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Russian international arms trade: Opportunism or strategy?
Jaroš, Milan ; Ludvík, Jan (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee)
This master's thesis focuses on Russian international trade of conventional weapons. Arms trade had played an important role during the Cold War as a tool to gain influence. Currently, Russia is using it to regain the influence it had lost after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in various regions around the world. At the same time, Russia is the second largest arms exporter after the United States. The thesis briefly addresses past Russian arms trade, but the main focus is on the decade between 2010 and 2020. It answers the question whether Russia currently uses its arms trade opportunistically to only maximalise its economic profit or whether it serves as a part of a larger strategy to balance the influence of the United States. The work focuses on Asia, the MENA region, and Latin America. It analyses circumstances surrounding arms deliveries from Russia into the countries in these regions. The thesis consists of several case studies, which illustrate the evolution of Russian approach towards arms trade. It reaches the conclusion that, for Russia, international arms trade is an important tool to help reach its foreign policy goals. Russia maintains strong and stable relations with the most important trade partners to support its defence industry. At the same time, other countries receive...
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Proliferation of Non-State Armed Groups and their impact on state fragility and insecurity in the Sahel Region of Africa
Ofori-Ayeh, David ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Špelda, Petr (referee)
in English The most potent threat to the security and stability of the state in some geographical regions after the cold war has been the proliferation of VNSA due largely to the declining capacities of states especially in the developing world. For a myriad of reasons, the modern nation-state seems incapable of performing its functions and fulfilling the obligations of the state to its citizens. Moreover, the state appears to have lost its monopoly on the use of force within its territory, a situation which has led to the prevalence of swathes of ungoverned territory with marginalized and aggrieved communities whose resentment against central authority find resonance with Non-State Armed Groups whose violent contestation of state authority has further contributed to state fragility and increased insecurity. The Sahel region is one that represents this dynamic in all of its dimensions.
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European Security and Defence Policy - 10 years of plans, hopes, successes and disappointments
Hlaváčková, Kristina ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee)
European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP), which creates security and defence dimension of the Common Security and Defence Policy of the European Union, is today one of the most dynamically developing European projects. During the ten years of its existence it has demonstrated its sense, vitality, the momentum of development, the ability to respond to current topics, issues and trends, created strong political and military structure and committed to develop its own military capabilities, established integrated strategy for security and defence and create framework for cooperation with NATO. ESDP was able to turn the initial theoretical considerations into political and military practice. EU has launched more than twenty military or civilian missions and gradually began to build a global position as a credible security actor. The entire decade of the ESDP, however, was not only about the venerable results. At the same time, it accompanied the unsuccessful efforts to find consensus among nearly three dozens of Member States, the lack of sufficient resources and skills to empower the real defence connected with military- technical dependence on NATO, the limited flexibility of the system of political decision-making and limits set by the actual nature of the European Union. The main objective of...
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Side Effects of UN Peacekeeping missions
Menšíková, Jana ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Bureš, Oldřich (referee)
Diploma thesis Side Effects of UN Peacekeeping Missions deals with negative sid e ef f e cts of UN peacekeeping operations. The work aims at showing the relation between certain factors and the emergence of the side eff ect s. To do so, four interpretative case studies are used in this thesis. The missions analysed in the case studies share some common characteristics (type of mandate, time period etc.) but differ in the essence of the si de e ff e cts that has been detected during their deployment. For the sid e eff e ct s of human trafficking the UN mission UNMIBH in Bosnia and Hercegovina was analysed, for sexual abuse it was the MONUC in DRC, for diamonds smuggling the UNAMSIL mission in Sierra Leone and for the collaboration with warlords the UNPROFOR in Bosnia and Hercegovina. The applied factors are divided between external (presence of the s id e ef f e cts, the stage of conflict and the efficiency of the central government) and internal (national composition of the mission, level of corruption among the TCC's and the existence of SOFA) and are considered within the context of each case study. This work proofs the relevance of this factors in regard to the emergence of the s id e eff ec ts of peacekeeping.
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Afghanistan and Tajikistan in the post-Cold War Era: A Sub-regional Insecurity Complex?
Mužík, Tomáš ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee)
Univerzita Karlova, Fakulta sociálních věd / Smetanovo nábřeží 6, 110 01 Praha 1 info@fsv.cuni.cz, tel: 222 112 111 www.fsv.cuni.cz Dle čl. 4 Opatření rektora č. 6/2010 o Zpřístupnění elektronické databáze závěrečných prací http://www.cuni.cz/UK-3470.html a čl. 1 Opatření děkana 29/2010 se z časového hlediska závěrečné práce dělí do tří skupin: a. "nové práce", tj. práce odevzdávané k obhajobě počínaje 29. 9. 2010, b. "starší práce", tj. práce odevzdané k obhajobě od 1. 1. 2006 do 28. 9. 2010, c. "práce před rokem 2006", tj. práce odevzdané k obhajobě před 1. 1. 2006. V tomto případě jde o "starší práci" odevzdanou k obhajobě od 1. 1. 2006 do 28. 9. 2010. Omlouváme se, ale dokument není v elektronické verzi k dispozici.
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Taiwan's measures against security challenges caused by the exclusion from Interpol: A social theorist approach
Tseng, Hsin-Yi ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Kaczmarski, Marcin (referee)
Nowadays, the police force of any individual country has a little chance to handle transnational criminal syndicates on its own. International Criminal Police Organization, known as Interpol, was established to provide support and facilitate the cooperation between police force in worldwide. Interpol's headquarter in Lyon was connected with 194 National Central Bureaus in the member countries by a secure and encrypted communication system. However, there are some countries were excluded from the Organization, mostly due to the political factors such as involving in territorial disputes or not being fully recognized. The marginalized country, Taiwan, once joined Interpol in 1961 but had lost its membership after Public Republic of China entered the Organization in 1984. Single country's exclusion may cause security loopholes for criminals to exploit. Taiwan authorities have sought to facilitating international police operation by dispatched Police Liaison Officers overseas since 2004. Though the island has to find its own measures for combating transnational crimes, Taiwan is in hope of reestablish connection with Interpol. Kosovo is the other country that also showed its interest in directly participating Interpol in the recent years. Both countries have not yet succeeded in securing a seat in...
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Understanding Hybrid Warfare Constructivism and Ontological (in)Security
Ostreni, Bruss ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
This thesis aim is to investigate the propagation of the term 'Hybrid Warfare' in world politics, more specifically on NATO's discourses and official texts. Granted the argument that the term is unable to convey a concrete strategic doctrine or strategy due to its lack of conceptual fecundity, we argue that nonetheless, the usage of the term serves NATO as an Ontological Security exercise. The reasoning behind this argument is that Hybrid Threats (or war) have the capacity to make NATO ontologically (in)secure due to the latter's inability to respond efficiently. Thus, disrupting the alliance strategy of 'being' - that is a collective defense alliance in charge of security of all members via the Article V of the treaty - and at the same time its strategy of 'doing' which is the ability of the alliance to provide a peaceful and safe Euro-Atlantic region, inside and out. Following our attempted bridging on Hybrid War and NATO's Ontological Security, we then proceed to explicate policy changes influenced by the former. In order to do so, we chose to employ a three- layered model created by Jakub Eberle and Vladimir Handl which conceptualizes Ontological Security through narratives about the self, the other, and the overall international system. The argument is that when actors are threatened by a...
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Political Violence in Turkey
Özturan, Betül ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Aslan, Emil (referee)
This thesis aims to create a novel dataset on political violence to estimate the accurate number of political violence incidents and fatalities in Turkey: Political Violence in Turkey Event Dataset (POLVITED). I argue that the reporting bias and differences in the scopes and definition of event datasets impact the quantitative study of conflict and violence. To eliminate the reporting bias and create a comprehensive dataset on political violence, I apply Matching Event Data by Location, Time and Type (MELTT) method to the Global Terrorism Database(GTD) and Uppsala Conflict Data Programme (UCDP-GED). The finding suggests that UCDP-GED were able to record 65% of the total number of political violence incidents in Turkey, and GTD was able to record 45% of them while 10% is coded in both datasets. POLVITED enables the researchers to capture the accurate picture of political violence incidents in Turkey by eliminating the double recording and alleviating the reporting bias. Lastly, the comparison of POLVITED and official reports demonstrates that, although the reporting bias is inevitable, integration alleviates the problems associated with it by increasing the coverage of the dataset.
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Counter-Terrorism in Nigeria: Measures and Approaches
King udeme, Simon ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Bureš, Oldřich (referee)
In recent times Countering Terrorism has been at the top of most governments' security agendas and policies. Since terrorism has become the single most lethal weapon used by anti - state agennts to destabilized society and gain government attention, it has become a very lucrative venture. Even though the underlying factors of each terrorist organization or insurgence defer from place to place, the motives remain unchanged across the board : whether it is inciting recruits and sympathizers to pick up arms, or appealing to sponsors to finance political violence, terrorist sects aim at creating fear in society to achieve their objectives. Also, terrorism has now metamorphosed into a transnational global network of affliates and terror gangs of like minds. With structural fundings, state - like model of hierarchy, and in most cases a judiciary system. This undenable advancement in terrorism methodology from what was once seen as - basic ideological aggrievances among state and rebels' groups - in the past, to a full fledge political structure has informed deligent studies about terrorism and indeed counterterrorism. Counterterrorism measure is therefore defined as the tools, measures and policies that are adopted by government when combating or stabilizing terrorism in each society.This concept takes...
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