|
| |
|
|
On the normal and the abnormal
Šarkadyová, Lucie ; Kouba, Petr (advisor) ; Petříček, Miroslav (referee)
This paper represents an attempt to examine the possibility of inserting certain positive meanings into the concept of normality without at the same time perceiving it normatively. In this attempt it is vital to cast away our understanding of the rules of normativity and conception of normality as a process of fulfilling the rules of a society and understand the norm in relation to an individual. This individualistic understanding enables us to approach normality in its specific way. There are no prescribed determining rules: all that is left is our own decision and personal norm. These are going to form a dynamic order that is related to aa actual situation. Such order does not necessarily have to be universal one since it is determined and in certain manner shaped by our own existence.
|
|
|
Natural law
Bulušek, Martin ; Petříček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Němec, Václav (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the problems which result from the division of law into positive law and natural law. These problems can be summarized by a question whether there is a standard by which one could evaluate the rightness of the positive law or whether there is only boundless legal licence. The thesis sees a possible solution to this dilemma in the work of Friedrich Nietzsche and his ontological reinterpretation of the concepts of subject, morality, power and justice. The result is an insight that by rejecting metaphysically conceived natural law, we do not throw off the possibility of evaluating the law as such. Justice, conceived not as a static factum, but as a constantly found and lost quality of a legal system, should become the instrument of this new criticism. Legal system itself is conceived as an outcome of the struggle of diverse perspectives, which leads to continuous revaluation (interpretation) of its elements and so it constantly leads to new forms of justice from which none can be just "per se", because that would lead to the elimination of the tension which founds the legal system as such.
|
|
|
Mutational analysis of manumycin antibiotics biosynthetic routes
Kolek, Jan ; Petříček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Zikánová, Blanka (referee)
Mutational analysis of manumycin antibiotics biosynthetic routes The manumycin antibiotics are secondary metabolites, which come from a big group of polyketide metabolites. They are produced by bacteria from genus Streptomyces. Manumycin antibiotics are characterized by two linear polyketide chains, which are connected to a central mC7N moiety. The lower chain is often terminated by the C5N moiety. Manumycin metabolites show many biological activities. They have antimicrobial activity, especially against gram-positive bacteria. Next, they posses antifungal, insecticidal or antiinflamatory activities. Manumycins are also potentional anticancer agents. In order to prepare these compounds by the fermentation, the detailed knowledge of their biosynthetic routes is required. Mutational analysis is based on techniques of genetic engineering. Mutational analysis is a useful pool for analysis of biosynthetic pathways of secondary metabolites and the genes, which are involved in these pathways. This knowledge is essential for application of combinatorial biosynthesis for the design of new metabolites. The new hybrid compound could be used in future as new antibiotics or anticancer drugs. Keywords: manumycin, polyketide, streptomyces, asukamycin
|
|
|
Religiostiy after Religion. Contemporary Reinterpretations of Christianity
Chudý, Tomáš ; Halík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hošek, Pavel (referee) ; Petříček, Miroslav (referee)
The thesis deals with contemporary possibilities of reinterpretation of religion in the Western society after what some authors call its "end". Along this line, it examines the concepts of religion and religiosity as two categories that point to the explicit and implicit presence of religious meanings in the discourse. The thesis is divided into four main sections: discourse theory, social recontextualisation, metaphors and symbols, and disturbing margins of symbolic discourse. First, an outline of discourse theory with regard to religious experience tackles the "us-them" mindset and thus highlights the issue of credibility with a concluding example of "anamnetical" discourse concept by Johann Baptist Metz. Next, as a social phenomenon, religion is prone to social recontextualisation. Two distinct are presented at large: in the first place, Taylor's of post-durkheimian set-up where varieties of religious experience follow an orbital-like model with different valences to the core. On the other hand, the dispersion hypothesis elaborates on some implicit quasi-religious features of the modern world phenomena which are to be taken into account in drawing the criteria of reinterpretation. They can be perceived as basic guidelines for what should not be understood as belief in God in the judeo-christian...
|
|
|
Sound
Foltinová, Daniela ; Thein, Karel (advisor) ; Petříček, Miroslav (referee)
This diploma thesis is concerned with the philosophical inquiry of sound. The crucial problem of the thesis is the perception of sound and the description of perceived sound. The assumption is that we don't perceive sounds necessarilly as meaningful. A starting point is the analysis of two basic ways of our contact with sound - produced and received sound that are followed by the inquiring of the role of perception of voice as for its corporality; the possibility of hearing the "sound space" and its analysis; and of the way how the body is concerned with the sound perception. On the basis of these analyses that benefit from the philosophical texts and poems analyses in the conclusion of the thesis is being shown that sound is a special entity of reality since we perceive it simultaneously as a concrete and capturable (through word and corporality) and non-concrete, as for neither word meaning nor bodily contact can provide us with the adequate - "sound-based" description of the sound perceived.
|
|
|
Political and Rabindranath Tagore
Wolf, Jakub ; Hrubec, Marek (advisor) ; Petříček, Miroslav (referee)
The thesis deals with actuality of the texts by Rabindranath Tagore in relation to the concept of the political as presented by Michel Foucault. It identifies formative rules of the discourse presented by the referred texts and at the same time it reveals relation of Foucault's Archaeology of Knowledge to the immaterial and it presents the possibilities of ethics in relation to this concept due to correlation of the Archaeology of Knowledge and Tagore's concept of the ethics of withdrawal. The thesis' basic instrument is identification of the centripetal and centrifugal forces and actualization of their relations as fundamental rules of the formation of Tagore's text by means of constituting system formations connotated by its discoursive formations. Keywords: Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
|
|
Art in Patočka's philosophy from 1930 to 1950
Jankovec, Boris ; Petříček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Ševčík, Miloš (referee)
This work is an attempt of interpretation of philosophical views on art of Czech philosopher Jan Patočka, as outlined in its raw form in philosophical writings so called strahovská heritage. Strahovská heritage is a collection of so far unpublished philosophical writings, written approximately in the period of 1939 to 1945. These have never been submitted for publication. Philosopher Jan Patočka - in Czech as well as abroad is generally known mainly as a thinker developing thoughts of his famous teachers Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger - in the framework of heritage only refers to dilemma of art in a secondary way. Despite this, some referrals to art, which can be found within the framework of this heritage, contain a great potential for further interpretation. Interpretation of these Patočka references to art are required to be put into the wider context of Patočka's thinking and especially adds to understanding of evolution of Patočka's philosophy of art. Patočka's philosophy of art was only fully extended in his later works, namely 1960's of XX. century.
|
|
|
Secondary metabolism and its regulation in Streptomyces ambofaciens: the study of cryptic secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters
Nezbedová, Šárka ; Weiser, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Petříček, Miroslav (referee) ; Mazodier, Philippe (referee)
I. ABSTRACT in English The presented work is focused on secondary metabolism and its regulation in Streptomyces ambofaciens and Streptomyces lividans with special interest in new biosynthetic pathways. The sequencing of bacterial and fungal genomes revealed that the number of their secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters greatly exceeds the number of produced secondary metabolites. Further studies showed that at least some of the newly discovered clusters, called cryptic since no product had been associated to them, were expressed in certain conditions and that they directed the biosynthesis of exploitable secondary metabolites (Gottelt et al., 2010; Gross et al., 2007; Pang et al., 2004). Therefore, these cryptic clusters have been considered as one of the promising reservoirs of new bioactive molecules. Using different approaches I studied the cryptic secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters of Streptomyces ambofaciens, a strain exploited industrially for the production of the antibiotic spiramycin. In the second part of this work, I was interested in the regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthesis and in manipulating regulatory proteins in order to activate the expression of cryptic clusters. The third part of this work studied the effect of the inactivation of the ppk gene, encoding...
|
|
|
In front of an object. The question of distance and aura in thought of Georges Didi-Huberman
Váša, Ondřej ; Fulka, Josef (referee) ; Petříček, Miroslav (advisor)
The essay concebtrates around the thinking of french philosopher Georges Didi-Huberman and his reception of Walter Benjamin's term aura, which is strongly connected to the critique of classical art history and re-thinking colour and material as stain, it's symptomal nature and not only compositional, but also de-compositional features. One of the centres of this essay is interpretation of Titian's painting Apollo and Marsyas, painting, which sophisticatedly problematizes viewing the painting as pure illusion or manifestation of ideas in matter. The second milestone are works of american minimalism, which are places of radiating aura, but aura in stae of her own decay. We tried to show, that if the original meaning of aura was connected to cultic works of art and their presented inaccessibility, in case of american minimalists it is surviving as a experience of turn-arounded vertigo.
|
guest ::
RSS feed.