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The use of Augmented Reality in Chemistry Education at Lower Secondary School
Pospíšilová, Kristýna ; Bílek, Martin (advisor) ; Kuhnová, Marta (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the use of elements of augmented reality in the teaching of chemistry at lower secondary school. We chose to use augmented reality in teaching because of the constant development of digital technologies and the effort to involve them more in education. In the theoretical part, we deal with the phenomenon of augmented reality and its use in education. We present several augmented reality applications that can be used in the teaching of chemistry, of which we focus more closely on the VividBooks applications, with which we work in the practical part. Furthermore, the theoretical part presents the topics of chemistry teaching in the framework educational programmes for lower secondary education (RVP ZV) and in the school educational programme (ŠVP) of the Velvary Elementary School, in which the AR VividBooks application was used and examined. We also describe the principles of the case study, which we used as a research method in the practical part. In the practical part, we started implementing a case study with introductory interviews with pupils and teaching assistants of the eighth grade of Velvary Elementary school. This was followed by six lessons using AR VividBooks applications in all three classes, during which we described the activity and reactions of the...
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Characteristics of alcohol use among adolescents in secondary and higher vocational schools in Most Region
Pospíšilová, Kristýna ; Barták, Miroslav (advisor) ; Mičíková, Lucia (referee)
Background: The use of alcohol beverages in adolescent group is a social problem. Teenagers are more likely to be exposed to alcohol as something worth experimenting on. They will neglect the side effects and warnings for alcohol in long term and that is potentially great issue. Also, in Czech society we mostly consider the not drinking of alcohol as antisocial behavior. The peer pressure of the teenager groups on not-drinking individuals to be not antisocial is even more urgent after use of alcohol with short-term effect as feeling fearless or boosted self-confidence. Aim: Describe and analyze the characteristics of alcohol use among adolescents at secondary and higher vocational schools in Most Region. Methods: Data were collected in the spring of 2022 by questionnaire inquiry. Population consisted of 697 students of secondary and higher vocational schools in Most Region. The sample was 680 respondents. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and the results displayed using tables and graphs. Results: 91.3 % of respondents tasted alcohol at some point in their lives. The average age of first experience with alcohol is 13.2 years. The most common alcohol among respondent sis hard liquor 36.2 %. It is mostly used in the club by 27.1 %. Consumption with friends was reported by 58.7 %....
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Metabolism of immunosuppressants in children with inflammatory bowel disease
Pospíšilová, Kristýna ; Bronský, Jiří (advisor) ; Leníček, Martin (referee) ; Dědek, Petr (referee)
Metabolism of immunosuppressants in children with inflammatory bowel disease Abstract Thiopurines are still used as the main immunosuppressants in the maintenance therapy of paediatric Crohn's disease. According to official guidelines, in case of failure, biological therapy (mainly infliximab or adalimumab) is generally commenced. The present thesis focuses on the possibilities of therapy optimization in children in whom the conventional Crohn's disease therapy has failed based on the metabolism of administered immunosuppressive medications. We confirmed that the knowledge of thiopurine metabolites concentration in red blood cells may help to monitor patients' adherence to therapy. However, according to our observations in children on combination therapy of infliximab and thiopurine lower concentrations of 6- thioguanine (the active metabolite of thiopurines) seems to be effective compared to what has been expected. We presented a web application designed to partially substitute for the thiopurine metabolite measurements based on easily available laboratory data. Last, but not least, we confirmed that the clinical effect and safety profile of both adalimumab and infliximab are similar in the treatment of paediatric Crohn's disease. Only in case of family history of atopic dermatitis adalimumab may be preferred.
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Translation with Commentary: The girl in the box: the mysterious crime that shocked Germany. Guardian Long Read, September 2019.
Pospíšilová, Kristýna ; Mraček, David (advisor) ; Ešnerová, Kateřina (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to translate the article The girl in the box: the mysterious crime that shocked Germany from English to Czech. The article, written by Xan Rice and published in The Guardian in September 2019, acquaints the reader with the kidnapping of 10-year-old Ursula Herrmann. The thesis includes a commentary containing the translation analysis of the original text, as well as the description of translation method, translation problems, procedures, and shifts. Key words translation, translation analysis, translation problems, translation shifts, Ursula Herrmann
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Methodology of Long-Term Monitoring of Subjective Quality of Working Life in the Czech Republic
Vinopal, Jiří ; Pospíšilová, Kristýna
Methodology for the implementation of the subjective quality of working life indicator for long-term monitoring of the quality of working life in the Czech Republic. It includes a description of the theoretical and methodological bases, the development process, the methodological and technical rules for conducting the questionnaire investigation and data management, the rules for implementing the results into web applications and their use.\nThe 2020 update, based on empirical verification, specifies the possibility and rules for the transition of the data collection from the existing f2f (PAPI) to on-line (CAWI), respectively CATI or mixed mode data collection.
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Analysis of structure and origin of multiple sex chromosomes in \kur{Leptidea} wood white butterflies
POSPÍŠILOVÁ, Kristýna
Previous studies have shown a dynamic karyotype evolution and the presence of complex sex chromosome systems with 3-4 W chromosomes and 3-6 Z chromosomes in Leptidea wood white butterflies. To dissect the evolutionary history of multiple Z chromosomes of Leptidea species, we used identified and selected bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones containing orthologous genes of Bombyx mori chromosome Z and 17, isolated them from the available BAC library and used them as probes for physical mapping by BAC-FISH, first in L. juvernica, then in the closely related L. sinapis. In both Leptidea species, the majority of BAC clones corresponding to the linkage group Z of the B. mori reference genome hybridized to one chromosome of the complicated sex chromosome multivalent. Thus, we named it as Z1 chromosome. Location of all Z-derived BAC clones was identical in both species suggesting a conserved synteny and gene order between L. juvernica and L. sinapis Z1 chromosome. Moreover, our findings indicate that the Z1 chromosome is probably the ancestral Z chromosome in the genus Leptidea. Results of BAC-FISH mapping with clones corresponding to the linkage group 17 of the B. mori reference genome revealed the fusion/translocation event between an ancestral Z chromosome and the chromosome corresponding to B. mori chromosome 17 and supported a previous hypothesis about the role of chromosomal rearrangements in the formation of multiple sex chromosomes in Leptidea butterflies.
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