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Possibilities of the motor performance influencing, body composition and equilibrium assumptions in ten years old sedentary girls using aerobic forms of physical activity
Šimková, Michaela ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Čepička, Ladislav (referee) ; Jaklová Dytrtová, Jana (referee)
Title: Influencing of the physical fitness, body composition and balance abilities in ten-year-old girls with sedentary lifestyle through the aerobic form of physical activity Goal of the study: The goal of the dissertation is to verify if there's any influence of Aerobics exercise on girl's physical fitness, their body composition and balance abilities. The study wants to find out if four-month Aerobics intervention (twice a week, 60 minutes of each session) can impact the physical fitness, body composition and balance abilities in ten-year-old girls. Methods: For physical fitness testing four items of standardized test battery UNIFIT test 6-60 (standing broad jump, sit/ups per minute, 4x10m Shuttle run, endurance Shuttle run) were used. For body composition testing the bioelectrical impedance method was used (tetra-polar multifrequency B.I.A. 2000 M). Body fat percentage, body water content, muscle mass were measured. For balance abilities testing the pressure plate Footscan was used - duration for 30 seconds, four types of stands: stand with eyes opened, with eyes closed, one leg stand od right/left leg with eyes opened. Results: After four-month of Aerobics intervention these results were found out: - The testing group is 1,1 cm higher in average, body weight increased of 1,4 kg in average....
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Analytical approaches to study group interactions of azole pesticides with important biological active compounds
Kovač, Ishak ; Jaklová Dytrtová, Jana (advisor) ; Száková, Jiřina (referee) ; Navrátil, Tomáš (referee)
This dissertation presents a developed capillary electrophoresis method for analysing residues of triazole fungicides (TAF) from real samples ("Sweet cherry" tomato - Solanum lycopersicum L) and shows its potential application in environmental analysis. The developed method was validated in-house and characterised by a relatively short analysis time and low cost with sufficient LOD and LOQ. As an additional part of this dissertation, which rose from the tomato plants' treatment with TAF, we studied the impact of triazole fungicides on plant development and their impact on biologically active compounds. Determination of TAF residues from tomato peel carried out with capillary electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis is a versatile technique with minute amounts of sample required, with high efficiency in separating small molecules, such as selected TAF. The developed method, cyclodextrin-modified micellar electrokinetic chromatography, accomplished a baseline separation of the TAF mixture from tomato peel. The optimal conditions for separation were in the background electrolyte comprised of phosphoric acid and Tris (100 mM concentration, respectively), 20% v/v methanol, with apparent p[H+ ] 4.8. The constituents of the mixed micellar pseudo-stationary phase were ionic detergent sodium dodecyl...
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Effect of fungicides and biological control agens on glutathione metabolism.
Vašková, Marie ; Hýsková, Veronika (advisor) ; Jaklová Dytrtová, Jana (referee)
Triazole fungicides are widely used in agriculture to treat a large number of crops. When they accumulate in soil, plants or water sources, they can also affect non-target organisms, in which they can have a negative effect on the endocrine system or re- production. Much less is known about the effect of triazoles on plants, specifically their antioxidant and detoxification systems. In this work, the effect of penconazole (P), tebuconazole (T) or their combination (PT) on tomato plants Solanum lycopersicum, cv. Cherrola was studied. In contrast to the conventional method of fungicide application by foliar spraying, the effect of soil drench containing P, T or PT was also studied. Soil drenching of fungicides had a worse impact on glutathione metabolism: on the thirty-fifth day after weekly fun- gicide application, the content of reduced thiols and glutathione peroxidase activity were reduced in roots, and the key conjugation enzyme of phase II biotransformation, glutathione-S-transferase (GST), was reduced in leaves by 43 to 20 % (depending on the fungicide) compared with untreated plants. In contrast, the content of reduced thiols and glutathione peroxidase activity were increased in leaves. In the case of spraying with both fungicides (PT), although at the same concentration as P and T alone, a...
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Interaction of triazole terconazole with copper cations.
Bártová, Kateřina ; Jaklová Dytrtová, Jana (advisor) ; Navrátil, Tomáš (referee)
Terconazole is one of the triazole derivatives with an antifungal effect. It is used locally to treat vaginal yeast infections. Terconazole could interact with copper cations in the vagina or uterus of women, who use an intrauterine device releasing copper cations. Other triazole derivatives in complexes with copper cations differ in their properties like toxicity or mobility. Cu2+ can be reduced in the presence of triazoles, which can lead to a Fenton-like reaction and production of free radicals. Thus, the Cu2+ /Cu+ terconazole system can be potentially dangerous. Stoichiometry, fragmentation and stability of forming complexes were studied with tandem mass spectrometry. The Cu2+ /Cu+ terconazole system was measured within pH range from 4 to 7,2, with a concentration ratio of CuCl2 and terconazole 1:5 to 20:1, with water and ethanol as solvents (1:1). Results suggest that terconazole is partially oxidized in the Cu2+ /terconazole system and that this oxidation depends on the pH of a solution. Apart from oxidized and protonated terconazole, other detected ions and complexes were not significantly influenced by pH. The detection of complexes containing Cu+ is alarming because this could correspond with the occurrence of a Fenton-like reaction. Key words Terconazole, copper cations, complexes,...
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Antioxidant system of tomato plants exposed to triazole fungicides
Žufić, Antoniana ; Hýsková, Veronika (advisor) ; Jaklová Dytrtová, Jana (referee)
Fungal pathogens cause severe crop losses worldwide. Recently, however, chemical fungicides have become dangerous environmental contaminants affecting non-target organisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of triazole fungicides in the form of penconazole (P), tebuconazole (T) or their combination (PT) on tomato plants Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Cherrola. No significant change in the activity of a key enzyme of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle, ascorbate peroxidase and activity of cytosolic peroxides, was detected in leaves, roots or fruits at the intervals studied, i.e. after two and five weekly treatments of P, T or PT, either as a foliar or a soil application. While slightly increased guaiacol peroxidase activity was found in roots due to T spraying and PT combination, the activity of this enzyme was reduced in leaves similar to catalase. The greatest changes in leaf antioxidant capacity correlated with increased phenolic and flavonoid content were observed after five treatments of penconazole (P) as a soil application both P alone and in combination as PT. The studied triazoles significantly affected the abundance of isoforms of superoxide dismutase and partially total peroxides in leaves, roots and fruits and of acorbate peroxidase in leaves. The highest content of HSP70 was found in...
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The influence of the menstrual cycle on eating habits and the need for sports activities
Jelínková, Karolína ; Jaklová Dytrtová, Jana (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the topic of the influence of the menstrual-ovulatory cycle on the diet and physical condition of women. Countless studies in the field of training deal only with the male population, as the cyclicality of women is a complex and still not sufficiently researched topic. Because changes in hormone levels further cause various changes and reactions in tissues and organs, it is necessary to take into account the cyclicality of women in sports training, diet or other areas. Fluctuations in hormonal levels also cause psychological and emotional changes. In this work, a search is made of suitable studies together with known facts on this topic. The first part includes the description of the cycle itself and the second part the analysis of generally known nutritional recommendations. Thus, it cannot be assumed that women's activity is unchanged throughout the menstrual-ovulatory cycle. We created a table that monitors the sleep, diet, drinking regime, physical activity and emotions of women during the day, throughout the menstrual / ovulatory cycle. These elements are important for further research into female variability. It is important for women to understand their cycle, as it has an impact on the overall functioning of the body. During the cycle, changes were detected in...
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Use of capillary electrophoresis with UV photometric and electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection for the study of interaction of compounds
Konášová, Renáta ; Jaklová Dytrtová, Jana (advisor) ; Mikšík, Ivan (referee) ; Tůma, Petr (referee)
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is highly efficient separation method based on the different migration velocity of ions in liquid media in electric field. It is commonly used in analytical laboratories and due to the different separation principle it is applied as a complementary method to the chromatographic methods (HPLC and UHPLC). Beside the applicability of CE for quantitative/qualitative analysis, the method can be used also for physico-chemical characterization of compounds (e.g. determination of acid dissociation constants of weak electrolytes or stability constants of complexes). This work is focused on the applicability of CE methods for determination of physico- chemical characteristic of compounds (acid dissociation constants of triazole fungicides and stability constants of dibenzo-18-crown-6, benzo-18-crown-6 and 18-crown-6 ether complexes with metal ions in hydro-organic solvent mixtures) and on the possibility to use affinity CE (ACE) with electrospray ionization-mass spectrometric detection (ACE- ESI/MS) for the study of non-covalent interactions of compounds. For the online hyphenation of CE and ESI/MS, two highly sensitive CE-ESI/MS interfaces were tested: i) porous tip and ii) nano-sheath liquid flow. The ability of the CE-ESI/MS interfaces to effectively decouple spray and...
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Study of C-C coupling of dienes catalyzed by ruthenium(II) complexes
Hanikýřová, Eva ; Roithová, Jana (advisor) ; Jaklová Dytrtová, Jana (referee)
Title: Study of C-C coupling of dienes catalyzed by ruthenium (II) complexes. Author: Bc. Eva Hanikýřová Department: Department of Organic Chemistry Supervisor: Mgr. Jana Roithová, Ph.D. Abstract Transition metal catalyzed cycloadditions have contributed extensively to organic synthesis. The use of ruthenium complexes in those reactions gain importance due to their demonstrated ability in the catalytic carbon-carbon bond formations via ruthenacycle intermediates. In our studies, we have concentrated on the interaction between ruthenium (II) and alkenes using mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization. This technique allows to investigate ruthenium complexes in the ionized states, and allows to investigate these structures by using MS/MS analyse. Our experimental research was complemented by quantum chemical calculations using Density functional theory. The research leads to a more detailed understanding to Ruthenium complexes with unsaturated hydrocarbons reaction mechanism. Key words Gas-phase chemistry, Reaction mechanisms, Electrospray Ionization, Catalyst, [CpRu(CH3CN)3]PF6, Mass Spectrometry
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