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Alternatives to unconditional imprisonment
Geaney, Irene Sheila ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Říha, Jiří (referee)
The Master's thesis provides a comprehensive analysis of possible alternatives to imprisonment. It is indisputable that incarceration is the most severe penalty that can be applied to law-breakers in the Czech Republic. To use this punitive measure in cases where it might not be appropriate would be in breach of humanitarian principles and of proportionality. For this reason, it is incumbent on states to reflect on how their correctional system might be improved. The main aim of this Master's degree thesis is to examine non- custodial sentences in the Czech Republic and briefly compare them to those in operation in other countries. It also analyses whether the Czech correctional system is satisfactory. The author explores the question of whether an improvement in this area of the penal system would result in a corresponding reduction in the prison-rate. The text focuses on house-arrest, community service orders, suspended sentences, and fines, since they are the most common non-custodial sanctions. The thesis is composed of an introduction, six chapters and a conclusion. The initial two chapters are introductory and define the basic terminology used in the text. The first chapter, which considers the concept of punishment, is subdivided into four parts. Firstly, it describes what punishment...
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Death penalty
Fuksa, Filip ; Císařová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Hořák, Jaromír (referee)
Death Penalty - Summary As the theme of my thesis, I've chosen the death penalty. The death penalty is phenomenon that accompanies mankind from the earliest time. Although the capital punishment is currently on decline and it has been abolished in many countries of the world, it is still a topic that arouses passionate debate. In the Czech Republic, the death penalty was abolished more than twenty years ago, but the majority of the population in the opinion polls calling for its renewal. Therefore I decided to mainly deal with the question of the acceptability of the death penalty, and to work with the alternatives offered by our legal system. In the introduction of my thesis I've determined the range of subtopics, which I will pursue and I have asked the questions that I had during work to answer. The whole thesis is divided into eight main chapters, which are further divided into subchapters. The first chapter is devoted to the concept and purpose of the punishment. The first subchapter deals with the concept of punishment. I summarize here the historical theories about the purpose of punishment, both retributive theory, utilitarian theory and combined theories. In the last subchapter I describe the purpose of punishment in today's Czech criminal law. The second chapter briefly describes the death...
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Alternatives to unconditional imprisonment
Horák, Petr ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Tlapák Navrátilová, Jana (referee)
Alternatives to unconditional imprisonment Petr Horák The following thesis is concerned with alternatives to unconditional imprisonment. I have chosen this theme because I think it is very topical and frequently discussed issue not only among experts bud within the general public, too. These specific institutes of the criminal law enable quick, economical and effective solution of particular criminal cases with no need of using unconditional imprisonment. The main goal of this paper is to provide its reader with a summarizing overview about the existing alternatives in the present Czech criminal law , about their advantages and disadvantages, about the reasons which led to their implementation to our legal system and about another important related aspects. The introductory chapter of this text deals with the general issues of the purpose of sentencing and sanctions. It provides the basic information about the main principles of sentencing and the theories of sentencing which laid the foundation of contemporary system of criminal justice. The following chapter describes the beginnings of the development of alternative sentencing in Bohemia region. The restorative justice and its principals brought new ideas to criminal law during the second half of the 20th century. According to this original doctrine the...
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Alternatives to unconditional imprisonment
Vokál, Ondřej ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Říha, Jiří (referee)
The Alternatives to Unconditional Prison Sentence Goal of this diploma thesis is to give a list of alternative punishments which are meant to be alternatives to unconditional prison sentence. These alternative forms in substantial criminal law are the forms which present specific reaction on crime and are not compound with imprisonment. First chapter contains a historical development of alternative forms of punishments. It deals with origins of penalty in law and in public life. There is mentioned a ground-breaking work of Italian philosopher Cessare Beccaria, the starting of alternatives in the second half of 19th century, theirs crisis during the Second World War and also reborn associated with a movement of restorative justice from the seventies of 20th century. Next chapter which is the main part of this diploma thesis is concerned with alternative punishments. There were chosen to be described these punishments: Suspended sentence based on suspension of imprisonment under the condition of living a proper life. Next one is house arrest which places a convict in his home in the specific time which is set in the judgement. Third alternative punishment included in my thesis is called a Compulsory work and it forces a convict to work without being entitled to a payment. Pecuniary penalty means that...
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Crime of murder and klling under Section 140 and 141 of the Czech Criminal Code
Rossmannová, Kateřina ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
CRIME OF MURDER AND CRIME OF MANSLAUGHTER ACCORDING TO § 140 TZ, § 141 TZ The topic of my thesis is the crime of murder (§ 140) and the crime of manslaughter (§ 141 of the Criminal Code). These are the most serious crimes directed against human life. As the topic of human life is very important for my work, the first chapter is focused on the description of the legal regulation of the protection of human life in the terms of Czech and international regulation as well as on definition of the beginning and the end of human life. In this chapter I have also included the infanticide. In the next chapter I dealt with the constituent elements of the crime of murder and manslaughter. Separately, I spoke about the object, the physical element, the subject and the mental element of these crimes. In the section discussing the object I focused on the subject of attack and on the victim, too. Under the discussion about the subject I tried to define the subject of the crime of murder. The fourth chapter is devoted to the classification of crimes of murder and manslaughter under the valid Criminal Code and to comparison of new and old conception of these crimes arising from the new and the old Criminal Codes valid in the Czech republic. The following chapter is focused on the crime of murder. In this chapter I...
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Animal protection in criminal law
Krupková, Kristýna ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
English abstract I chose theme of my Master's degree thesis because it's actual because of the situation in society and new Civil Code, which changes legal status of animal. The purpose of my thesis is to analyze legal status of animal in Czech law, particularly in criminal law. I want to think about it, if is actual legislation sufficient, about problems and propose possible solutions. The thesis is composed of nine chapters. Chapter one is devoted to animal legal status in Czech law. It is divided into four subchapters, which are deal with explanation of the concept of animal, its legal status, its protection instruments and in the last subchapter is deal with animal legal status by the new Civil Code. Chapter two is focuses on public animal protection in general. In Four subchapters I summarize animal legal status in public law, constitutional framework, legislation in administrative and criminal law. Chapter three is devoted to Act No 246/1992 Coll., on the protection of animals against cruelty. Four subchapters are deal with purpose of this Act, definition basic concepts, administrative delicts and authorities of animal protection. Chapter four is called Criminal law protection of animals. This chapter has six subchapters, and in these I am thinking of causes of "new" Criminal Code, its purposes, its...
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Interactive Whiteboard in Educational Practice
Žďárská, Lenka ; Procházka, Josef (advisor) ; Horák, Josef (referee) ; Doulík, Pavel (referee)
TITLE: Interactive Whiteboard in Educational Practise AUTHOR: Mgr. Lenka Žďárská DEPARTMENT: Department of Information Technology and Education SUPERVISOR: PhDr. Josef Procházka, Ph.D. ABSTRACT: Is it possible to use the interactive whiteboard as a phenomenon of today's education? Does it really make the process of education more efficient? Does it have any motivational potential and does it make a teacher's daily work easier? Offered dissertation will try to clarify these suggested questions. The Thesis is introduced by a theoretical part which describes the interactive whiteboard as a complex and integrates it into the current system of didactic tools. It also deals with the aspects of efficient language learning among which belong motivation and interactivity. The theoretical part is followed by the analyses of empirical research which is devoted to using the interactive whiteboard from teacher's and student's viewpoint. The main aim of this work is to incorporate the technical didactic tool - the interactive whiteboard into the current system of didactic tools and secondly, in experimental verification of its effects on teachers and students within educational process. KEYWORDS: didactic tools, interactive whiteboard, interactive teaching
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Criminal aspects of domestic violence
Váňová, Radka ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
Criminal aspects of domestic violence SUMMARY Domestic violence is a serious social concern with high level of latency. The domestic violence victims protection is ensured by legal standarts of Civil, Administrative and Criminal Law and other legal standarts. Criminal Law is one of the important instruments for tackling of serious forms of domestic violence. However Criminal Law is an instrument "ultima ratio" which needs claiming of subsidiarity principal of the crime repression. The purpose of my thesis is to bring a summary of the legal standarts of Criminal Substantive Law and Criminal Procedure, that are dedicated to protect the victims of domestic violence. It also provides the brief analyses of the legal standards with respect to this serious phenomenon. The emphasis is put particularly on the criminal offences maltreatment of a person living in common domestic matters, maltreatment of a person in a guardianship and stalking. From procedural point of view the thesis addresses the issue of the consent of the victim to the criminal prosecution, institute of detention and the status of victims in criminal proceedings. The thesis also makes recommendations for the legislation de lege ferenda. Chapter one outlines theoretical and practical findings of domestic violence, defines the notion and describes...
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Substrate integrated dielectric resonator antenna
Jedlička, Lukáš ; Horák, Jiří (referee) ; Mrnka, Michal (advisor)
The bachelor´s thesis deals with the design of the dielectric resonator antenna in the microwave band X, where the resonator is made by air perforations. The antenna is made by two layers. The antenna is supplied by the substrate integrated waveguide. The design of the dimensions to achieve the desired resonance frequency of the dielectric resonator and integration of resonator is described. The whole antenna is designed in the CST Microwave Studio software.
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Jawa 50 performance improvement
Horák, Jiří ; Prokop, Aleš (referee) ; Janoušek, Michal (advisor)
The bachelor thesis is focused on increasing the performance of Jawa Babetta type 225 moped engine. The first part of the bachelor thesis describes the principle of a two - stroke combustion engine and the possibility of its distribution. The next part is dedicated to the modification, which was done experimentally according to information from available literature. The thesis contains a comparison of the results of the serial and modified engine measurements.
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