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Development of Population Census in the Czech Republic
Houdková, Veronika ; Antovová, Michaela (advisor) ; Cséfalvaiová, Kornélia (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to complete and assess of available information about the population census in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part deals with the development and history of population censuses in our territory. There is also briefly described the importance of the census and the utilization of data and results. Another part of this work is devoted to the last population census, which took place in 2011. Here are described especially major changes and innovations in comparison with some previous censuses. The last practical part of the work is aimed at working time series of the selected indicators based on result from the census of population and households and their subsequent analysis.
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Analysis of infant mortality in social contexts
Prokešová, Monika ; Pechholdová, Markéta (advisor) ; Cséfalvaiová, Kornélia (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the development of infant neonatal mortality in the social context in the Czech Republic. In theoretical part the indicators of prenatal mortality are introduced and the changes of definition of live and dead newborn are examined. In addition the socio-economic indicators are defined in this part. In the analytical part of this thesis we will examine dependence between infant neonatal mortality and socio-economic indicators using the regression analysis. A the end the results of the thesis will be summarized and made recommendations for reduction of infant neonatal mortality.
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Benefits of Preventive Programs of Malignant Cancer in the Czech Republic
Matějková, Karolína ; Pechholdová, Markéta (advisor) ; Cséfalvaiová, Kornélia (referee)
Due to the constantly increasing epidemiological burden of our population on oncological diseases, nationwide preventive programs for selected types of malignant tumors have been introduced within the Czech health system. The aim of this thesis is to analyze and evaluate these screenings, such as mammographic screening, cervical screening and screening of the colon and rectum. The subject of the analysis is the mortality rates for breast cancer (C50), cervix (C53) and colon and rectum cancer (C18-21) between 1994 and 2015. The main focus is on question of whether the development of the mortality rate for selected neoplasms depends on the degree of coverage rate by a preventive program.
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Dementia in the Czech Republic: development, projection and risk factors
Cséfalvaiová, Kornélia ; Langhamrová, Jitka (advisor) ; Malá, Ivana (referee) ; Růžková, Jiřina (referee)
Doctoral thesis deals with dementia, which social, health and economic impacts are alarming worldwide. Expected dramatic increase in the number of people with cognitive impairment will put high demands on health and social care. Population aging and the increase of elderly persons aged 65+ evoked a need to address this issue, since age is the major risk factor for dementia. Conflicting conclusions of the European and international studies confirm the difficulty of quantifying the disease. Different definitions and measurement methods lead to different results. In the Czech Republic, in comparison with other developed European countries, there is no relevant research on the expected increase in the number of people with dementia or trends and determinants of severe cognitive impairment. Available estimates of the prevalence of dementia in the Czech Republic are based exclusively on the international prevalence studies EURODEM and Eurocode. Dissertation provides an estimate of the number of people with dementia in the Czech Republic to 2050 based on the construction of life tables for demented people. The thesis also includes analysis of risk factors of severe cognitive impairment based on socio-demographic and health variables. This knowledge is very important for the development and maintenance of effective policies and programs responsive to the needs of individuals living with cognitive impairment in the Czech Republic.
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Comparison of the level of fertility rate in selected EU countries.
Lešníková, Barbora ; Miskolczi, Martina (advisor) ; Cséfalvaiová, Kornélia (referee)
The objective of this diploma thesis is on one side to analyze the fertility rate in Slovakia, Czech republic and Sweeden and to compare their development after the fall of the communist establishment from 1990 till 2014 and on the other side to categorize these countries to clusters of EU countries based on chosen variables using multidimensional statistical analysis. I consider the second chapter of the thesis, which focuses on analysis of intensity of fertility rate using direct standardization as well as on verification, whether connection between clusters of EU countries and their geographical location exists, to be my personal addition to the addressed issue. Based on my analyses, the conclusion of the thesis is a finding, that countries, which support reduced working hours have a higher total fertility rate. For that reason, if the natality is about to grow, it is a must to concentrate not only on states family politics but mainly to support the ability of young mothers to become part of a regular working process while on their maternity leave.
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Changes in the age structure of the population of the Czech Republic and their possible consequences
Holečková, Kristýna ; Langhamrová, Jitka (advisor) ; Cséfalvaiová, Kornélia (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on major demographic changes in behaviour among the population of the Czech Republic between 1989 and 2014. Currently, population ageing represents a global problem connected with many causes and consequences - economic, social or political. The thesis concentrates specifically on three areas. One of them is the labour market, which is frequently associated with concerns about labour shortage and labour market discrimination. Further, it engages with the system of social policy, namely nursing services and homes for the elderly and constantly increasing costs of health care. The thesis aims at a detailed discription of areas connected with the changes in the age structure and make a suggestion of possible measures to face the effects of demographic ageing with regard to future development. A substantial part focuses at the development of selected demographic indicators and population projection.
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Health and social care for seniors focused on Královéhradecký region
Štaffová, Pavlína ; Cséfalvaiová, Kornélia (advisor) ; Vrabcová, Jana (referee)
Demographic aging is a matter of most countries including the Czech Republic. Increasing numbers of older people is related to the fact that increase need for social and health care for these people. The work is focused on the Hradec Kralove Region and the goal is to analyze the demographic structure of the population in terms of aging using various indicators and comparisons. According to projections for 2050 it outline future developments concerning the aging population. The thesis also analyzes the capacity of social and medical devices to specific population numbers. Estimates of required capacity expansion of social and medical devices in 2050, are made based on available forecasts and capacity od devices for the year 2013.
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Socio-economic importance of family and trends in family behavior of the population of the Czech republic and Slovakia
Rousová, Petra ; Cséfalvaiová, Kornélia (advisor) ; Antovová, Michaela (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the concept of family and its current status in life of the people in the Czech republic and Slovakia with focus on young people. Bachelor thesis is divided into three main chapters. The first chapter defines the concept of family in perspectives of different authors, it describes its functions, forms, its historical development and current socio-economic environment. The second chapter focuses on demographic development of indicators of marriage, divorce, birth, fertility and abortion. It includes the prognosis of future development. Demographic analysis is made from 1960, through 1993 with the population prognosis. On the basis of demographic indicators it describes current trends in family behavior. The third chapter is devoted to family policy in both countries and to the state support for families with children. This bachelor thesis tries to describe the situation of families in the Czech republic and Slovakia, compare the differences, and to estimate their possible future development.
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Influence of religion on family behaviour in the Czech Republic
Juříková, Kristýna ; Cséfalvaiová, Kornélia (advisor) ; Stejskal, Jakub (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyse current relationship between religion and family behaviour within the Czech Republic, since religious associations mostly tend to influence people positively - considering current low fertility rate, high divorce rate and increasing percentage of children born outside marriage. In the Czech Republic, there is majority of Catholic Churches because of historical evolution. The relationship between religiosity and family behaviour is analysed by regression analysis, which includes more socio-demographic and economic indicators to minimalize misrepresentation. Results indicate no influence of religiosity regarding current fertility rate due to generalisation to higher level of urban settlement - religious people have more children only at historical point of view. No influence was proved also regarding marriage rate because its variability was hard to capture by used predictor variables. However, religion has beneficial effect on induced abortion rate, divorce rate and share of children born outside marriage.
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Similarities and differences of family behavior in international comparison
Lončíková, Kateřina ; Nývlt, Ondřej (advisor) ; Cséfalvaiová, Kornélia (referee)
The thesis deals with development and changes in family behavior in the Czech Republic and selected European countries. First, the thesis explains the concepts of population and family policy. There are big differences how the definitions are viewed in case of these concepts and the relationship of population policy and family policy. Some authors consider population and family policy as identical, other authors strictly separate those two. Another part describes the changes in family behavior in the Czech Republic after 1989. The key part of this thesis is contained in the third chapter. It deals with development and description of the first selected demographic indicators characterizing the family behavior, then the indicators describing the family behavior based on LFS and SILC data. All indicators are monitored in 21 European countries including the Czech Republic. Based on the data received I created cluster analysis for each group of indicators(i.e. for Demographic indicators describing the family behavior and for indicators describing the family behavior based on LFS and SILC data).
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