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The Party of the Expelled" in the Český Krumlov and Prachatice district 1970-1980
Jansa, Marek ; Spurný, Matěj (advisor) ; Černá, Marie (referee)
The thesis "The Party of the Expelled" in the Český Krumlov and Prachatice district 1970-1980 through the research of regional context deepens the knowledge of the process of establishment and legitimization of Normalization in the periphery of the Czech borderland. On the basis of archival materials, mainly from the District Committees of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (KSČ) in Český Krumlov and Prachatice and other sources within the Party hierarchy, it tries to map the course of the consolidation process and party purges in 1970. Compared to nationwide data, it attempts to capture the specifics of the Czechoslovakian periphery. The main task of the thesis is to analyze various fate of excluded members of the KSČ: the so-called "Party of the Expelled." The analysis focuses on their diverse life trajectories and ways of dealing with separation from the party collective, with special regard to the various loyalties that these people were tied to the party, to the society, workplaces and, last but not least, to each other. Through this analysis, the role of this segment of the population in establishing the legitimacy of the Normalization regime is shown. Since the purges resulted in the disadvantagement of a significant number of qualified workforce, they are interpreted as a process of...
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Evaluation of neonatal laboratory screening efficacy in the Czech Republic and its improvements
David, Jan ; Votava, Felix (advisor) ; Černá, Marie (referee) ; Škvor, Jaroslav (referee)
INTRODUCTION: Newborn laboratory screening is a process used for early detection and treatment of selected rare diseases which leads to improvement in patient quality of life. All diseases included in newborn laboratory screening are classified as rare diseases, defined by a population frequency less than 1:2 000. The evaluation of newborn laboratory screening is an important tool for its improvements. The main aim of this doctoral thesis was to evaluate clinical and population-wide efficacy and balance detection rate and impact on healthy part of population. METHODS: The doctoral thesis was based on results from screening laboratories in period 2002-2017 in the Czech Republic. Dried blood spots from newborns were analyzed using fluorescence immuno-assay, tandem mass spectrometry and fluorimetry. RESULTS: The outcomes of this doctoral thesis led (1) to objectify prevalence of rare diseases in the Czech Republic, (2) to objectify association between prevalence of screened diseases and newborn birthweight, (3) to propose the change of decision limits of screening of 21-hydroxylase deficiency with aim to decrease high false positivity and negative impact on health part of population, (4) to define recommendations for managing of patients screened as positive in the 21-hydroxylase deficiency newborn...
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Proposal for alternative financing of the reconstruction of the square in Třebíč
Hykolli, Nikolas ; Černá, Marie (referee) ; Vaňková, Lucie (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with the proposal of a possible way of financing the reconstruction of Charles Square in Třebíč and choosing the optimal variant. The theoretical part summarizes all important concepts related to the theme of the diploma thesis. These include public administration in the Czech Republic, central and local budget systems, selection procedures and funding sources. In the practical part are found the ways of financing the urban investment, both own and foreign. These may include credits and grant titles.
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Regulation of HLA class II genes expression
Zajacová, Marta ; Černá, Marie (advisor) ; Černý, Jan (referee) ; Slavčev, Antonij (referee)
HLA class II genes are known to be highly polymorphic, even in the regulatory non-coding gene regions. Polymorphism in the promoter region potentially forms a strong basis for an uneven allele-specific expression. Even though it is known that the amount of HLA class II molecules on the cell surface has a significant role in shaping immune response, HLA class II expression polymorphism has not yet been thoroughly measured. The thesis aims to shed light into allele-specific mRNA expression and promoter DNA methylation of HLA class II genes. Two studies, each addressing different aspects of the HLA class II allele expression regulation, were conducted. Study A examines the DNA methylation of 10 DQA1 promoter and its effect on the DQA1 mRNA expression. DNA methylation in whole blood cells was determined with bisulfite sequencing and mRNA expression was measured using RT-qPCR. Even though inter-allelic differences in overall methylation were observed (the most methylated alleles were DQA1*02:01 and *04:01), the expected negative correlation between the DQA1 promoter DNA methylation density and the allele expression was not observed. We suggest that the genetic polymorphism in the region (especially region upstream of position -400, which is almost completely methylated in all alleles) may lead to different...
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Gene expression pattern in the adult brain of the experimental rat after prenatal exposure to methamphetamine
Tomášková, Anežka ; Černá, Marie (advisor) ; Rudá, Jana (referee)
Introduction: Methamphetamine is a drug frequently taken by drug-addicted pregnant women and happens to be one of the most commonly used drugs in the Czech Republic. This drug passes easily through a placental barrier into the fetus. Thus it can negatively affect not only the mother but also the prenatal development of her offspring. Objectives: This research aims to provide a general screening of gene expression in selected regions of the F1 generation of the brain prenatally affected by methamphetamine, to verify whether exposure to methamphetamine affects the generation of offspring of exposed females at the level of gene expression in selected regions of the brain, and to valuate possible changes in gene expression. Methods: In selected parts of the brain, collected from a rat, the microarray hybridization and the real-time PCR were set to evaluate express changes in the expression of selected genes. Results: Statistical analysis of the microarray hybridization did not show a significantly altered gene expression in the tested genes. Only boundary values for 13 genes were measured, which were further tested by the real-time PCR. After a statistic evaluation of the real-time PCR, the significantly altered expression was found in 2 genes. The notably changed expression of DRD3 and TACR3 genes...
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Epigenetic regulation of HLA class II genes and their role in autoimmune diseases
Čepek, Pavel ; Černá, Marie (advisor) ; Štechová, Kateřina (referee) ; Reiniš, Milan (referee)
(EN) Type 1 diabetes (T1D) belongs among polygenic multifactorial autoimmune diseases. The highest risk is associated with HLA (human leukocyte antigen) class II genes, including HLA-DQA1 gene. Our aim was to investigate DNA methylation of HLA-DQA1 promoter alleles (QAP) and correlate methylation status with individual HLA-DQA1 allele expression of T1D patients and healthy controls. DNA methylation is one of the epigenetic modifications, that regulate gene expression and is known to be shaped by the environment. 61 T1D patients and 39 healthy controls were involved in this study. Isolated DNA was treated with sodium bisulfite and HLA-DQA1 promoter sequence was amplified using nested PCR. After sequencing, DNA methylation of HLA-DQA1 promoter alleles was analyzed. Individual mRNA HLA-DQA1 relative allele expression was assessed using two different endogenous controls (PPIA, DRA). We have found statistically significant differences in HLA-DQA1 allele 02:01 expression (PPIA normalization, Pcorr=0.041; DRA normalization, Pcorr=0.052) between healthy controls and T1D patients. The complete methylation profile of the HLA-DQA1 promoter was gained with the most methylated allele DQA1*02:01 and the least methylated DQA1*05:01 in both studied groups. Methylation profile observed in T1D patients and healthy...
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Molecular mechanisms involved in genotoxicity of industrially important monomers (styrene, 1,3-butadiene)
Kuricová, Miroslava ; Vodička, Pavel (advisor) ; Černá, Marie (referee) ; Machala, Miroslav (referee)
1 ABSTRACT The evaluation of individual health risk in workers occupationally exposed to industrial xenobiotics requires the use of a large number of parameters reflecting external exposure, internal exposure, biological effects and individual susceptibility. Environmental, occupational and life style-related exposure to mutagenic agents may contribute to cancer risk in humans. To prevent the potentially hazardous effects of such agents it is important to understand their mechanisms of action. Styrene is one of the most important monomer for producing polymers and copolymers in plastics, latex paints and together with 1,3-butadiene (BD) in the manufacture of synthetic rubbers. In this thesis, a large set of parameters, including markers of external and internal exposure and biomarkers of biological effects and susceptibility have been studied in relation to the occupational exposure to both styrene and BD. First part of the present study was focused on evaluating the role of various biomarkers to assess genotoxic effects of above mentioned xenobiotics. Biomarkers reflecting styrene- and BD-induced genotoxicity and mutagenicity: O6 -styrene guanine DNA adducts, haemoglobin adducts, single-strand breaks (SSBs), SSB Endo III sites, chromosomal aberrations (CA), hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase...
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Study of extracellular placental specific microRNAs in maternal circulation and their utilization in clinical diagnostics of pregnancy-related complications
Kotlabová, Kateřina ; Hromadníková, Ilona (advisor) ; Černá, Marie (referee) ; Korabečná, Marie (referee)
Objectiees: Our etudy inieetigated the poeeible utliiaton of extracellular microRNAAe ae noiel non-iniaeiie biomarkere for diaignoetce of preignancy-related complicatone euch ae igeetatonal hyperteneion (GH), preeclampeia (PE) and fetal igrowth reetricton (FGR). Firet, we identifed appropriate preignancy-aeeociated (placenta epeciifc) microRNAAe in maternal circulaton in preignanciee with normal couree of igeetaton. Then, we quantifed eelected extracellular C19MC microRNAAe in maternal circulaton oiertme in normally proigreeeinig preignanciee. Subeequently, we compared C19MC microRNAA expreeeion proiflee in maternal circulaton between preignanciee with clinically eetabliehed preignancy-related complicatone (PE, FGR, GH) and igeetatonal-aige-matched controle. Finally, monitorinig of eelected placenta epeciifc C19MC microRNAAe in maternal circulaton within the ifret trimeeter of igeetaton wae performed with the aim to identfy extracellular C19MC microRNAAe able to diferentate between normal preignanciee and thoee at riek of eubeequent deielopment of preignancy- related complicatone. Reeultes: The leiele and expreeeion proiflee of extracellular placental epeciifc microRNAAe in circulaton of non-preignant indiiiduale and preignant women were performed ueinig real- tme RT-PCR. The eelecton of...
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Genetic predisposition to celiac disease
Cibuľová, Anna ; Černá, Marie (advisor) ; Holáň, Vladimír (referee)
5 Abstract Coeliac disease is a chronic intestinal autoimmune desease that is diagnosed in genetically predisposed people. This disease is characterized by inadequate immune response to gluten, which is contained in some cereals. The patients have to keep a strict dietary regime. The genetic predisposition is based on possession allels HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8. The remainder genetic risc is unknown, but with regard to autoimmune character of disease, it is supposed that genetic predisposition can be included in polymorphisms of genes, which participate in a route or regulation of immune response. AIMS: We studied a correlation between phenotype and genotype in members of three-generation family, which is affected of coeliac disease and other autoimmune diseases. We tried to verify a correlation between phenotype and some genotypes. We tested the HLA-DQB1 and HLA-DRB1 alleles, the polymorphisms C1858T in PTPN22 gene, A1188C in IL12B gene and C2029T in TLR2 gene. We measured an expression of TLR2 protein and TLR2 mRNA as well. METHODS: Testing of HLA-molecules was performed using the PCR-SSP technique. Testing of polymorphisms in PTPN22 and IL12B genes was performed using PCR-RFLP and PCR-SSP techniques and the findings was checked using sequencing technique. The expression of TLR2 protein was measeured using flow...
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