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Between the cross and the cup. The press of the Czechoslovak People's Party at the time of the Marmaggi affair
Jelínek, Jan ; Randák, Jan (advisor) ; Čechurová, Jana (referee)
Presented thesis deals with content of press connected to Czechoslovak People's Party by the time of so called Marmaggi affair and the campaign in 1925 elections to the National assembly. It stands on a premise, that followed texts mirrored positions of czech political catholics, whose main representative was the People's Party. Party leadership set from a start course of conciliation and loyalty toward Czechoslovakia. This direction had gone difficult by several factors, among them anti-catholic wave following formation of new state and first months of its existence. Even after it's decline anti-clerical and anti-catholic tendencies didn't disappear, as we can find their bearers among the leading figures of the republic, including the president Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk. This research raises the question of the process of the political-catholic press receiving policy of the party leadership policy of loyalty toward state, in time of rupture between the republic and catholic church, which strenghtened the tension between loyalty toward the state and the patriotism on one side and catholicism on the other. How did the catholic journals comment the course of the party? Did they try evaluate, defend or criticise? Did they suggest an alternative to it? Was expressed any attitude towards the state even by...
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Analysis of the period women magazine Hvězda československých paní a dívek (1925-1945)
Bulínová, Veronika ; Čechurová, Jana (advisor) ; Šedivý, Ivan (referee)
Thesis is focusing on a magazine Hvězda československých paní a dívek primarily designated for women, which used to be published in an era of the First Czechoslovakian republic, then in the Second republic and has been cancelled after the end of the Protectorate. Magazine has been published in the Melantrich concern, which was part of a Czech political party of National socialists. This thesis will first introduce the Melantrich establishment and his publishing activity. Melantrich became one of the most successful press companies in the era of the First republic. Mentioned is also the most famous owner of the Melantrich concern, Jaroslav Šalda. Afterwards the editorial office of the magazine is introduced, which was gradually changing over the years, according to the political situation that persisted at the time. Some of the editors were even well known First republic figures. In the second half of the paper, there is an analysis and description of the four most appearing roles of women which has been gradually changing as the society progressed. Among these roles are a mother, a wife, a divorced woman, and a worker. These roles are analysed by articles, photos, or letters from the readers. The main goal of this work is to show, how these images of women have been changing over the years and if...
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Displaced Persons after World War II. in Europe: The Czechoslovakian Perspective
Kasíková, Jana ; Čechurová, Jana (advisor) ; Kocian, Jiří (referee) ; Maršálek, Zdenko (referee)
This dissertation explores the phenomenon of Post-World War II Displaced Persons, i.e. persons who were relocated due to the events of World War II. Following international research on the issue, this thesis examines it in the Czechoslovak context, both in terms of how the authorities in Czechoslovakia approached the problem and by directing attention to the group of Czechoslovak Displaced Persons themselves. It also discusses the cooperation with the Western Allies and focuses on the territory that was administered by them after the end of the war. The focal point of the thesis is the year 1945, a period when intensive efforts to care for and repatriate Displaced Persons (as originally understood) took place. A separate chapter outlines the development of Displaced Persons as a research topic and the principal research questions associated with it. The second part of the thesis investigates the international and Czechoslovak structures that provided care for the displaced, across several temporal levels. First, the organized efforts created to care for Displaced Persons are set in the long-term institutional and ideological context. Next, it describes how the cooperation and network of institutions that were to include the Displaced Persons in their purview were planned and constituted during...
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Publicly held opinions of Josef Kliment in the interwar period
Heidenreich, Jiří ; Čechurová, Jana (advisor) ; Šedivý, Ivan (referee)
The topic of this bachelor's thesis is the work of doc. Josef Kliment (1901-1978) and his opinions presented during the twenty-year period of the Czechoslovak (1918- 1938) and Czecho-Slovak (1938-1939) Republics. Josef Kliment, a lawyer, historian of the law, pedagogue and publicist, became an infamous figure in the protectorate's presidential office, who was repeatedly accused of collaboration and active pro- German agitation. But what were Kliment's publicly presented views before this period? Did he really hold positions that we could call undemocratic or anti-regime during the time of the free republic? Through the analysis of Kliment's activity, especially the publishing one, the submitted work will try to answer these questions. The work is primarily based on the analysis of newspaper articles and materials from Josef Kliment's personal collection, stored in the Archives of the National Museum. The most widely represented periodical, in which Josef Kliment also published most often, was Demokratický střed, from which the author of this work also drew the most often. Other sources can be named, for example, Národní politika, Studentský obzor, Všehrd, or Národní listy. His smaller works, studies and, in addition, Kliment's correspondence were also used. For a comprehensive treatment of the set...
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Czechoslovak Tourism in Socialist Yugoslavia. Institutions, Imaginations and Reality.
Jelínek, Martin ; Čechurová, Jana (advisor) ; Rychlík, Jan (referee)
International tourism has become a common part of human life. This phenomenon, originating in the modernization of society in the 19th century, has undergone a complex and long development. From its initial stages, when it was reserved for high society, through the understanding of its economic potential for the modern state and economy, to the final massification of international tourism in the second half of the 20th century. In a bipolar world, the specifics of the development of international tourism are shown with respect to which side of the Iron Curtain this tourism is developing on. A special example is if the development takes place somewhere on the border of both blocks. Czechoslovak tourism heading to Yugoslavia is a good example of blending the Eastern approach to traveling abroad with a specific model of the Yugoslav perspective on the phenomenon of tourism. Czech and Slovak tourists have been regular guests since the 19th century, heading precisely to the countries that made up the Yugoslav state. The presented work deals with how the institutionalization of Czechoslovak tourism in socialist Yugoslavia developed and was anchored, i.e. which institutions and in what way they ensured tourism, how and with which institutions on the Yugoslav side they were forced to cooperate and how this...
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Reflection of women's suffrage in the daily press from the founding of the Czechoslovak Republic to the first parliamentary elections
Sazimová, Terezie ; Čechurová, Jana (advisor) ; Šedivý, Ivan (referee)
The topic of the bachelor's thesis is women's suffrage and its reflection in the Czechoslovak daily press in the period from the establishment of the independent Czechoslovak state to the important milestone of the first parliamentary elections. Women fought for their voting rights several years before the founding of Czechoslovakia, and only its creation enabled them to speak into political life through the ballot, parliamentary mandate or membership in the municipal council. Some women even sat as deputies in the Revolutionary National Assembly in November 1918. Women's suffrage was thus not only a new democratic element, but at the same time women became potential voters and members of political parties. Not only party newspapers had to reflect this fact. Therefore, the aim of the work is to determine in what ways different party and independent periodicals reacted and approached the issue of women's active and passive suffrage within the monitored period. The text of the thesis will be based mainly on the Czech party press of the strongest Czechoslovak political parties - the Republican Party of the Czechoslovak Countryside, the Czechoslovak Socialist Party, the Czechoslovak Social Democratic Labor Party, the Czechoslovak People's Party and the Czechoslovak National Democratic Party. In...
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The so-called "operation Kulak" in the district Vysoke Myto
Hájková, Adéla ; Čechurová, Jana (advisor) ; Stehlík, Michal (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the "Kulak" action, which was carried out by the State Security in Czechoslovakia in 1951-1953 as part of the collectivization of agriculture. Using micro- history, it focuses on the region of Vysoké Mýto and the fate of the local farmers, who were forcibly evicted with their entire families and their property was confiscated. The first chapters of the work look at the whole issue of displacement on a general scale. They consider the overall situation of the Czechoslovak People's Democratic Republic, its process of collectivization, the creation of the United Agricultural Cooperatives, and the state of the laws at the time that enabled these processes. After presenting the context and general information, the chapters focus on their specific impact, using the example of the municipality of Stradouň. Five so-called family units were evicted from this village, i.e., the farmer and all those who shared a household with him. All five family units were taken on the same day 18 April 1952, to the district of Roudnice nad Labem. The work is based on archive materials and specialist literature. Keywords: Collectivization - kulak - district Vysoke Myto - United Agricultural Cooperative - people's courts
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Czechoslovak Exile Scouting in England 1939-1945
Kurusová, Lucie ; Čechurová, Jana (advisor) ; Randák, Jan (referee)
This bachelor's thesis depicts the form of Czechoslovak Scouting in exile in England in the years 1939-1945. One of the main aims of this thesis is to find out the role of the English exile in the history of the Czech Scouting movement, including the development of membership and the progress or regression of the organisation Junák - Svaz skautů a skautek RČS. Other questions are the relationship of the exile scout organization to the Czechoslovak government in exile or a form of contact and possible cooperation with other youth organisations in exile. The protagonist of the Czechoslovak exile scout activities was Velen Fanderlik, so most of the sources are related to him. Apart from the activities of the exile scouts and their relationship with the exile environment, the thesis also deals with the context of the Czechoslovak Scouting before the Second World War and the formation of Rover scout groups in military units.
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The function, importance and experience of the music sections of the Czechoslovak Legion in Russia on the example of regimental music of the 1st Cz. Rifle Regiment "Jan Hus"
Drábek, Tomáš ; Šedivý, Ivan (advisor) ; Čechurová, Jana (referee)
(in English): This thesis deals with the topic of the music bands of the Czechoslovak Legionnaires in Russia between 1914 and 1920. Emphasis is placed on the music band of the "Jan Hus" 1st Czechoslovak Rifle Regiment, which in the present research serves as a representative of the other forms of regimental musics. The text focuses on describing the basic facts of how musical ensembles of this kind worked, but it also describes their importance for the army, the experience of the legionary musicians themselves, and the way in which the legionary bands dealt with the impact of two cultural influences - the Austro-Hungarian one, which was close to most legionaries from their pre-war life, and the Russian one, which the musicians were exposed to during their time abroad.
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