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Eating disorders in children before starting school
Zdeňková Kroužková, Pavlína ; Floriánková, Marcela (advisor) ; Kosheleva, Svetlana (referee)
Introduction: We have still too little information on the diagnostic, therapeutic procedures and nutritional risks of eating disorders in preschool children. Picky or evasive eating behavior can significantly affect the health and quality of life not only of the child, but also of his parents. Aim: The aim of this thesis was to identify possible risk factors that contribute to the development of eating disorders in preschool children. Methods: This is a questionnaire-type research work, carried out on individual cases, in which 21 preschool children with a psychiatrist-confirmed eating disorder were followed and then compared with a group of healthy children, paired by age and gender. The results were statistically processed in the STATISTIKA 12 software and MS EXCEL. Sample: The research group consisted of 21 children with eating disorders, a control group of 22 healthy children, paired by age and gender with the research group. Participants were selected using a simple deliberate selection based on availability and voluntariness. Results: The most significant risk factors, that may contribute to eating disorders (ED) in preschool children, were shorter period of exclusive breastfeeding, lower maternal weight gain during pregnancy, and psychiatric illness in the family. Mothers of children with ED...
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Smoking as a maladaptive strategy in overweight and obese women
Zdeňková Kroužková, Pavlína ; Kulhánek, Adam (advisor) ; Šťastná, Lenka (referee)
Introduction: Smoking and obesity (overweight) together represent a significant risk factor for a number of diseases. So far, not much has been published about the effect of weight reduction on smoking. Aim: The aim of the work was to map the most significant risk factors that lead women, tobacco smokers, overweight and obese to maladaptive behavior based on a comparison of a series of case studies. A partial goal was to find out whether compliance with the reduction program does not affect the number of cigarettes smoked. Methods: This is a case series, prospectively followed for three months (December 2022- March 2023), in which 21 female tobacco smoking patients undergoing a weight reduction program were followed. Monitoring the effect of weight reduction on the number of cigarettes smoked was complemented by structured interviews with female respondents on the topic of the most significant risk factors leading to smoking. The results were evaluated using the rapid assessment method. By searching for common psychosocial factors between individual case studies, individual types of clients were supplemented. Sample: The research sample of 21 female smokers was selected using a simple purposive sampling method based on availability and voluntariness. The age composition of the research sample...
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Effect of nutrition in addiction treatment and relapse prevention
Zdeňková Kroužková, Pavlína ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Svěcená, Kateřina (referee)
BACKGROUND: Substance dependence, but also the period of treatment of the addict, can lead to an effect on the nutritional status or the development of another disease that is not related to the primary addiction. Appropriate inclusion of nutritional therapy in the treatment of an addict can affect not only his or her health but also the prevention of relapse. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the bachelor's thesis is to develop a comprehensive overview of the impact of nutrition on the treatment of substance abuse and relapse prevention. METHODOLOGY: The bachelor's thesis is elaborated by the method of theoretical-critical analysis, which allows to compile hitherto known knowledge on this issue. To create an educational material for patients, the form of educational material was chosen, the so-called printed word method, the leaflet includes nutritional recommendations for the treatment of addictions and the principles of the Mediterranean diet. FILE: It was drawn from more than 115 scientific studies, articles and books that formed the research file. RESULTS: Current knowledge shows that nutrition in its entire spectrum of nutrients, vitamins and minerals affects not only physical but also mental health. The intestinal axis, which is mainly affected by omega-3 fatty acids, probiotics, simple carbohydrates....
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Effect of weight reduction on blood lipids and some other risk factors of ischemic heart disease
Zdeňková Kroužková, Pavlína ; Zlatohlávek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Altschmiedová, Tereza (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the effect of weight reduction on the level of total cholesterol, triglycerides, waist circumference and blood pressure. The effect of education, or changes in dietary and regime habits on weight, blood lipid levels (total cholesterol and triglycerides), waist circumference and blood pressure were monitored in a group of educated persons. The work is divided into two parts. The theoretical part contains information about obesity, ischemic heart disease, risk factors for these diseases, their prevention and therapy. The practical part of the bachelor's thesis is devoted to monitoring dedicated a group of patients who decided to lose weight by changing dietary and dietary habits. At baseline, patients were measured on by the Accutrend for total cholesterol, triglycerides, waist circumference, and blood pressure. The subjects were educated about the dietary regime and subsequently followed the recommended measures. Repeated measurements of all monitored indicators were performed after three months, when the effect of weight reduction on the monitored parameters was evaluated. After three months, all subjects demonstrated on average weight loss of 11.9 kg, BMI lowered by 3.94 kg / m2, and waist circumference parameters reduced on 8.9 cm. Systolic pressure decreased by...
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