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Mercury dynamics in soil systems: A comprehensive study on natural and anthropogenic sources using elemental and isotopic analysis
Domingues Vieira, Alda Maria ; Vaňková, Maria (advisor) ; Navrátil, Tomáš (referee) ; Doušová, Barbora (referee)
Human activities (in)directly affects the biogeochemical cycle of mercury (Hg) in the environment. However, many aspects of Hg behaviour remain poorly understood. In this thesis, three different case studies addressed two main themes: i) the influence of climate change on Hg re-emissions from fire-affected soils and ii) the fate and behaviour of Hg in soils contaminated by non-ferrous ore mining and smelting. The first study investigated total Hg concentrations in uncontaminated soil profiles and Hg pools in organic horizons to estimate the fire-induced Hg emissions from the soil during a wildfire in Portugal. Fire-undisturbed soil profiles displayed higher Hg concentrations (156 μg kg-1) in the organic horizons, decreasing with depth in the mineral horizons. The Hg pool in these organic horizons was estimated at 10.6 g ha- 1. We calculated the wildfire released up to 133 g of Hg from the forest floor within the 12.5 ha burned area, emphasising its dual role in Hg (im)mobilisation in a region increasingly affected by extreme fire-prone weather events. In the second study, Hg stable isotope ratios and solid phase speciation data were determined in soil profiles contaminated by historical Hg-Fe mining and smelting in Czechia (Jedová Hora). The total Hg soil concentration reached up to 17.8 mg kg-1....
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Speciation of arsenic under reducing conditions of organic-rich soil
Peřestá, Magdaléna ; Drahota, Petr (advisor) ; Hiller, Edgar (referee) ; Doušová, Barbora (referee)
The PhD thesis deals with arsenic speciation under reducing conditions of soil with elevated content of organic matter. This issue has been studied in two wetland soils located in two geochemical As anomalies near the villages of Mokrsko and Smolotely (CZ). Speciation and mobility of As was studied in four experiments using a range of mineralogical (XRD, SEM/EDS, EMPA, Raman microspectroscopy) and geochemical (XRF, chemical extraction, pore water analysis) methods. Other methods used in this work included S isotopes and microbial community analysis. The results indicate that the formation of authigenic As sulfides (realgar and bonazziite) is relatively common mechanism of As sequestration in reducing conditions of wetland soils. The sulfides are formed in highly reducing organic-rich microenvironments, where microbial production of dissolved sulfide is sufficiently fast compared to water flow velocity and related slow solute transport. In these microenvironments, Fe sulfides are the first precipitates; As sulfides precipitate after the depletion of Fe2+ in the pore solutions. This phenomenon was well evidenced in the long-term incubation experiment. Results of this experiment also showed that newly formed As sulfides can form in environments with variable concentrations of As and Fe in groundwater....
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Analysis and significance of selected game activities of individuals without the ball with specialization setter
Doušová, Barbora ; Buchtel, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Vorálek, Rostislav (referee)
Title: Analysis and significance of selected game activities of individuals without the ball with specialization setter Objectives: The aim of this work is analysis of selected game activities of individuals without the ball, mainly in offensice and to a lesser extent in defence situations. These situations are analysed via selected sequences in the software DartFish. The research was focused on three setter from three currently the best women's teams in the Czech Republic: Pavla Vincourová (VK Agel Prostějov), Iveta Halbichová (PVK Olymp Praha) a Veronika Tinklová (SK UP Olomouc). Abstrakt: This thesis is dedicated to all volleyball fans and mainly to volleyball coaches who are interested in problematics of move of a setter in volleyball. The thesis contains chapters on the history of volleyball, game performance and its diagnostics, other chapters are on set and setter. The practical part deals with movement of the game of volleyball on the setter position and its issues. Key words: volleyball, playing actions of an individual, set, setter, DartFish
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Experimental in situ transformation of smelting wastes in soil systems
Jarošíková, Alice ; Ettler, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Hiller, Edgar (referee) ; Doušová, Barbora (referee)
Metallurgical activities are one of the important sources of environmental pollution, especially due to inappropriate treatment of waste materials containing potentially harmful elements. Soils in the vicinity of smelting operations are the main target reservoirs for these emitted contaminants. The aim of this study was to depict reactivity of copper smelter flue dusts and slags in aqueous and soil environments using laboratory and field experiments. Slags exhibited high concentrations of As (up to 0.95 wt.%), Cu (up to 2.4 wt.%), Pb (up to 1.02 wt.%), Sb (up to 0.37 wt.%), and Zn (up to 2.45 wt.%). Copper and other metal(loid)s were predominantly bound in sulphides, especially bornite, digenite, chalcocite, and galena. Flue dusts were mainly composed of As2O3 phase (arsenolite and claudetite), with minor amounts of gypsum, galena, quartz and covellite. The main contaminants in the dust were As (53.3 wt.%), Pb (3.41 wt.%), Sb (1.26 wt.%), Zn (1.41 wt.%), Cu (1.07 wt.%) and Bi (0.80 hm.%). The leaching tests performed in the pH range of 3-12 indicated that the release of metal(loid)s from both types of metallurgical wastes was highly pH-dependent. During the leaching in deionised water, up to 42 mg/kg As was released from slags and up to 52.6 g/kg was leached from the flue dust; the latter highly...
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Experimental in situ transformation of smelting wastes in soil systems
Jarošíková, Alice ; Ettler, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Hiller, Edgar (referee) ; Doušová, Barbora (referee)
Metallurgical activities are one of the important sources of environmental pollution, especially due to inappropriate treatment of waste materials containing potentially harmful elements. Soils in the vicinity of smelting operations are the main target reservoirs for these emitted contaminants. The aim of this study was to depict reactivity of copper smelter flue dusts and slags in aqueous and soil environments using laboratory and field experiments. Slags exhibited high concentrations of As (up to 0.95 wt.%), Cu (up to 2.4 wt.%), Pb (up to 1.02 wt.%), Sb (up to 0.37 wt.%), and Zn (up to 2.45 wt.%). Copper and other metal(loid)s were predominantly bound in sulphides, especially bornite, digenite, chalcocite, and galena. Flue dusts were mainly composed of As2O3 phase (arsenolite and claudetite), with minor amounts of gypsum, galena, quartz and covellite. The main contaminants in the dust were As (53.3 wt.%), Pb (3.41 wt.%), Sb (1.26 wt.%), Zn (1.41 wt.%), Cu (1.07 wt.%) and Bi (0.80 hm.%). The leaching tests performed in the pH range of 3-12 indicated that the release of metal(loid)s from both types of metallurgical wastes was highly pH-dependent. During the leaching in deionised water, up to 42 mg/kg As was released from slags and up to 52.6 g/kg was leached from the flue dust; the latter highly...
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Analysis and significance of selected game activities of individuals without the ball with specialization setter
Doušová, Barbora ; Buchtel, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Vorálek, Rostislav (referee)
Title: Analysis and significance of selected game activities of individuals without the ball with specialization setter Objectives: The aim of this work is analysis of selected game activities of individuals without the ball, mainly in offensice and to a lesser extent in defence situations. These situations are analysed via selected sequences in the software DartFish. The research was focused on three setter from three currently the best women's teams in the Czech Republic: Pavla Vincourová (VK Agel Prostějov), Iveta Halbichová (PVK Olymp Praha) a Veronika Tinklová (SK UP Olomouc). Abstrakt: This thesis is dedicated to all volleyball fans and mainly to volleyball coaches who are interested in problematics of move of a setter in volleyball. The thesis contains chapters on the history of volleyball, game performance and its diagnostics, other chapters are on set and setter. The practical part deals with movement of the game of volleyball on the setter position and its issues. Key words: volleyball, playing actions of an individual, set, setter, DartFish
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