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'Shell nouns' in English written and spoken monological academic texts
Rajchartová, Sofie ; Malá, Markéta (advisor) ; Nádraská, Zuzana (referee)
This thesis deals with the linguistic phenomenon of "shell nouns" and its use in English monological, academic, written and spoken texts. The main objective of the thesis is to compare the use of "shell nouns" in written and spoken texts in terms of their semantic classification, position in lexico-grammatical patterns, discourse functions, and potential frequency of occurrence. The thesis raises questions concerning the overall impact of written and spoken register, frequency of occurrence, semantic classification of shell nouns, functions in lexico-grammatical patterns, as well as anaphoric and cataphoric relations. The primary material used for the analysis of spoken academic English was the British Academic Spoken English corpus, while a custom corpus created from academic articles was used for the analysis of written text. The theoretical part defines the concept of "shell noun" and related terms, semantic classification, lexico-grammatical patterns, and discourse functions related to the phenomenon. The analytical part then describes the research, provides quantitative results regarding the potential occurrence, and analyses selected shell nouns with the aim of verifying the hypotheses of this thesis. KEYWORDS shell nouns, academic language, English, discourse functions, corpus linguistics
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Collocability of German Adjectives in a Bilingual Dictionary
Budín, Tomáš ; Vachková, Marie (advisor) ; Šemelík, Martin (referee)
This diploma thesis researchs the collocability of the german adjectives and gives some suggestions for the presentation of the collocability in the microstructure of the adjectival entries in the German-Czech translatory dictionary. The diploma thesis is a secondary product of the project of The Large German-Czech Academic Dictionary which has been realized in the Institute for German studies of the Phaculty of Arts of Charles University in Prague since 2000. The lexicographs use the methods of the corpus linguistics, especially a combination of the concepts corpus-based and corpus-driven. Analogous methods were used in this diploma thesis. By means of the Cooccurrence Data Bank (CCDB) of the Institute for the German language in Mannheim the most frequent cooccurrence partners of an adjectiv were found, concrete dictionary examples were found out in the corpus DeReKo of the IDS Mannheim using COSMAS II or on the Internet using the search engine Google. The dates were saved in a special numerical chart of a data bank which is structured on the basis of word classes. The diploma thesis comes to the conclusion that each adjectival entry can be carried out in more ways depending on the preferred criterion which can be frequency based, syntactical, semantical or didactical. In the practical part of the...
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scheinen + zu-infinitive Construction in Contemporary Written German and its Morphosyntactic and Lexicosemantic Features
TRÁVNÍČEK, Václav
In German language, one can find a certain range of deagentive expression possibilities. One of these possibilities is represented by the construction scheinen + infinitive construction with zu. This qualification work is divided into two parts. The theoretical part presents the morphosyntactic and lexical subsystem of contemporary German, which is related to the given construction. In the practical part, there will be an own research of the given construction using the methods of corpus linguistics based on a search in the TAGGED-T2-öffentlich corpus (Deutsches Referenzkorpus, DeReKo).
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Multiple negation in present-day spoken British English
Vekrbauerová, Veronika ; Malá, Markéta (advisor) ; Nádraská, Zuzana (referee)
This thesis examines the occurrence and the expression of double (or multiple) negation within a single utterance, as used in contemporary spoken British English. It aims to describe the various combinations of double negation, the scope of such negation, and the means by which double negation is expressed. The Spoken BNC 2014 corpus was used as the material for the analysis of the above. The theoretical part of this thesis is based on grammar books and describes the division and use of negation as such. This theoretical foundation is then used as the basis for the analytical part of the thesis. The latter examines different combinations of two negations in a single utterance in an attempt to interpret them, identify factors influencing their interpretation and point out any common features. KEYWORDS multiple negation, present-day spoken British English, corpus linguistics
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The corpus of Spanish learners: analysis of conflictive grammatical phenomena for foreign speakers.
GARCÍA FERNÁNDEZ, Sara
In this paper, we conduct a contrastive analysis among three languages (Spanish, Czech and English) as far as the explicit or implicit use of subject personal pronouns is concerned, given that it can entail a source of linguistic conflict from the standpoint of English and Czech speakers who learn Spanish, as this particular grammatical phenomenon works differently in their mother tongues. The issue of this study is firstly and mostly grounded on a collaboration project in which we have participated along this past academic year, focused on the revision, correction and annotation of certain mistakes detected in a section of texts compiled in an American learner corpus called Corpus of Written Spanish of L2 and Heritage Speakers (COWS-L2H). The second basis for our research is a small, own compiled corpus of Czech-speaking learners of Spanish, which we analysed using a special software for linguistic annotation called Analec. Our study can be contextualized within the framework of corpus linguistics as a growing and evolving methodology, applied to multiple language research fields via the development of different types of corpora. In this case, our main concern are those linguistic databases that contain essays from students of Spanish, since these materials allow for the analysis of their interlanguage in order to identify and determine the prime faculties and difficulties that they will face when learning this language. Following this path, teachers will be able to develop a more effective and suitable pedagogical approach, in accordance with the specific characteristics of the target group(s). However, to attain this goal, it is vital to foster the exposure of educators and students to these linguistic tools.
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Corpus Analysis of Language in Sports Columns
VONDRÁŠKOVÁ, Tereza
The bachelor thesis deals with analysis of language of the chosen sports columns. Theoretical part is dedicated to the language devices typical for journalism, special attention is paid to non-marked and marked expressions. The content of the practical part is an analysis of data of The Czech National corpus which are compared to tabloid journalism.
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Dutch-Czech Parallel Corpus in linguistic studies and translation practice
Novotná, Kateřina ; Hrnčířová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Pekelder, Jan (referee)
Resumé This thesis concerns the use of parallel Dutch-Czech corpus in linguistic research and translation practice. The advantages of the corpus-based approach are demonstrated on a research of formal translation equivalents of the Dutch present participle in Czech language. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical sections. The theoretical introduction begins with the theoretical and methodological framework of the research. Next, language corpora, especially parallel corpora, and the Czech project InterCorp are presented. There is also an introduction of the grammatical category of the present participle and its possible formal translation equivalents into Czech language. In the subsequent practical section, there is a hypothesis formulated and a procedure of research based on corpus data established. The hypothesis and research should verify or refute the hypothesis. Furthermore, all translation solutions are divided into categories according to the Dutch system of sentence constituents: the substantive, adjectival, proverbial, prepositional and verb constituents, whole (subordinate) clauses and translation omissions. The categories are further divided into subcategories and described. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of the translation solutions takes place at the end of the practical...
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