|
|
Vitamin C
Juráňová, Jana ; Hrstka, Miroslav (referee) ; Vespalcová, Milena (advisor)
The theme of this diploma thesis is an assessment of given nutritional parameters in selected kinds of lesser known fruits, specifically 10 varieties of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.), 12 varieties of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) and 6 varieties of blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea var. kamtschatica). Harvests of two consecutive years (2011 and 2012) were analyzed in the case of blue honeysuckle. The theoretical part was focused on historical, morphological, taxonomic and nutritional aspects of individual plants and food or pharmaceutical utilization. The considerable part of the thesis is devoted to the characterization and the possibilities of determining the contained substances, namely ascorbic acid and polyphenolic compounds, especially anthocyanins. The content of the experimental part was a description of the methods and the results of the analysis of total solids, titratable acidity, total phenolics, total anthocyanins and ascorbic acid in fruits of the selected varieties of the above mentioned fruit species. Based on the measured results, the different varieties of fruits were compared to each other and evaluated.
|
|
|
Business Plan for Bio-plant Production
Krakovková, Lenka ; Milichovský, František (referee) ; Bayerová, Vladimíra (advisor)
The thesis is a proposal of the business plan for the SANDDORN Company Ltd., which will deal the growing sea-buckthorn, processing and subsequent sale of products produced from it. The company intends to enter the health food market, with specialization in the production of organic food. The thesis consists of several parts, where you can find the presumptions of the enterprise success, financial planning, and design of sequential steps for the implementation of the company.
|
|
|
Assessment of aroma active compounds in unconventional fruit types
Melikantová, Marcela ; Pšenáková, Ivana (referee) ; Vítová, Eva (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is the assessment of aroma active compounds in unconventional fruit types, sea buckthorn (Hippopha rhamnoides L.) was chosen as a model sample. The first part is focused on the description of these plants, their chemical composition and use. The experimental part is focused on identification and quantification of aroma compounds in chosen cultivars of sea buckthorn using SPME-GC-FID method. In total, eleven cultivars were analysed. The cultivar Krasna was found as having the most aromatical profile (the highest content of aroma compounds identified). Ethanol, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone, ethanal, butyl acetate and acetic acid were the most often occuring compounds.
|
|
|
Production and characterization of non-chocolate sweets with the addition of plant extracts
Knapovská, Pavlína ; Nábělek, Jakub (referee) ; Vítová, Eva (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the production and characterization of plant extracts of green tea (Camellia sinensis) and sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) and non-chocolate sweets – hard candies with the addition of plant extracts. These plants are characterized by a high content of bioactive substances, upon which the prepared extracts and candies were characterised. Determination of volatile substances by HSSPME-GC-MS, antioxidant activity by method with ABTS, determination of total phenols by Folin-Ciocalteu method and sensory analysis were performed. The produced sweets were then compared with similar commercial products. A total of 6 volatile substances were identified in the sample of hard candy with the addition of green tea extract, the antioxidant activity of the sample was determined to be 253,3 ± 0,9 µgml–1 and the total phenolic content was determined to be 0,49 ± 0,02 mgGAEg–1 per 1 g of candy. A total of 8 volatile substances were identified in the hard candy with the addition of sea buckthorn extract, the antioxidant activity of the sample was determined to be 206 ± 3 µgml–1, the total phenolic content was determined to be 0,51 ± 0,04 mgGAEg–1 per 1 g of candy. The obtained results show that the addition of extracts increases the nutritional value (higher antioxidant activity, higher content of phenolic compounds) of produced candy; from a sensory point of view, however, only samples with green tea were evaluated positively, the addition of sea buckthorn extract was not very attractive for consumers, they considered sweets with sea buckthorn to be too bitter.
|
|
|
Less conventional botanical sources of cosmetic raw materials
Novotná, Petra ; Vespalcová, Milena (referee) ; Zemanová, Jana (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor’s thesis is an investigation of use of less traditional plant sources in cosmetic industry. This review is focused on black elder (Sambucus nigra), sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides), quince (Cydonia oblonga), dog rose (Rosa canina), and stinging nettle (Urtica dioica). The substances Isolated from these plants can be used in various cosmetic products. The first section of this search deals with history and botanical characterization of these plants. The next section deals with significant substances contained in these plants and their use not only in cosmetic industry.
|
|
|
Evaluation of Physical and Chemical Parameters of Still Less Exploited Species of Small Fruit and Proposal of a New Soft Drink from this Fruit
Cetkovská, Jitka ; Krška,, Boris (referee) ; Barták,, Petr (referee) ; Omelková, Jiřina (advisor)
This thesis deals with still less expolited species of small fruit, evaluation of its physical and chemical parameters and proposal of a new soft drink from one of the studied species of furit. Firstly, for the characterisation of basic nutrition parameters (dry matter, content of organic acids and saccharides) and biologicaly active substances (vitamin C, anthocyanins and phenolic compounds) suitable titration, spectrophotometric, chromatographic and electrophoretic methods were chosen, optimized and validated. The sample preparation procedure was optimized as well. For three years (2010–2012) the content of listed parameters was monitored in some cultivars of five species of small fruit: in seven cultivars of sea buckthorn, in ten cultivars of cornelian cherry, in twelve cultivars of rowanberry, in two cultivars of chokeberry and in seventeen cultivars of elderberry. By means of Duncan’s test, analysis of principal components (PCA) and cluster analysis (CLU) the main differences between studied cultivars were observed mainly in sea buckthorn and rowanberry, where single cultivars were easily distinguishable from others on the basis of genetic origin. On the basis of comparison of determined parameters in studied species of fruit and with collaboration with fruit processing company the suitable species of fruit for commercial utilization was chosen – elderberry, as a important source of anthocyanins and phenolic compounds. A new soft drink as a proposal of utilization of this fruit was created – fruit juice or nectar with portion of elderberry juice. Mixed juices and nectars with various composition were prepared from elderberry and grape juice and the sensory analysis of these drinks was performed. The best evaluated were 100% fruit juices prepared with 30–50% portion of elderberry juice. The composition was jurally protected. On the basis of this protection the product consisted from 100% fruit juice with 10% of elderberry component mixed with apple and grape juice was introduced to the market by the fruit processing company.
|
|
|
Optimalization of the extraction of bioactive compounds from herbs into different kind of oil bases
Chytil, Dalibor ; Zemanová, Jana (referee) ; Pořízka, Jaromír (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the optimization of processes for extraction of bioactive lipophilic compounds from fruits of sea buckthorn (Hippophae Rhamnoides) into various types of plant oil bases using simple maceration. The theoretical part of this thesis deals with the characterization of this herb, its botanical classification, traditional use, chemical composition and medicinal effects. Increased attention is also paid to the characterization of individual types of plant oils used, namely camellia, camellia organic, passionflower, kukui and kiwi oil. The experimental part of the thesis deals with application of theoretical knowledge. The profile of total and free fatty acids for individual plant oil bases was determined by GC/FID, furthet the basic fat numbers were also determined. When optimizing the extraction, emphasis was placed not only on the effect of the extraction agent used, but also on the extraction time (1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21 and 66 days). The macerates were continuously subjected to the determination of selected parameters (total amount of carotenoids, total amount of phytosterols, lutein, neoxanthin, astaxanthin, stigmasterol, -sitosterol and vitamin E) using UV-VIS spectroscopy and HPLC/PDA. Likewise, the peroxide number was monitored during maceration to assess the degree of oxidative degradation of macerates. The recovery of selected total parameters in individual oils did not differ significantly in most cases. On the contrary, the yield of individual monitored parameters differed significantly. At the same time, static maceration under our conditions was not very suitable for the extraction of vitamin E, stigmasterol and total phytosterols.
|
|
|
Assessment of aroma active compounds in cultivars of sea buckthorn
Melikantová, Marcela ; Vránová, Dana (referee) ; Vítová, Eva (advisor)
The aim of the diploma thesis was the aroma active compounds assessment and sensory profile determination of various types of sea buckthorn (Hippopha rhamnoides L.). The theoretical part provides the detailed description of this plant, comprising the occurence, taxonomy, chemical composition and use. Experimental part summarizes the data obtained: identification and quantification of aroma compounds using the SPME – GC –FID and GC-MS method and evaluation of complete sensory profile. Various cultivars of sea buckthorn harvested in 2009-2012 were analysed. In total 23 various types of sea buckthorn were measured, 23 alcohols, 10 aldehydes, 11 esters, 14 ketones and 5 acids were found.
|
|
|
Properties and utilization of Sea-buckthorn oil
Trávníčková, Eva ; Kučerík, Jiří (referee) ; Zemanová, Jana (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the properties and utilization of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) and sea buckthorn oil. Sea Buckthorn oil contains wide range of substances important for health, for example vitamin E, vitamin A, carotenoids, flavonoids, sterols and essential unsaturated fatty acids. Sea Buckthorn oil is commonly used in treatment of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Its antioxidant properties are of great importance; it has UV-blocking activity and anti-aging effects. It accelerates healing of injuries and burns. In this work there are methods of thermal analysis such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TG) are employed and described. These methods were used to study thermal and thermo-oxidative stability and physical-chemical behavior of the sea buckthorn oil. DSC method was used in the slow and rapid cooling regime which revealed the sensitivity of oil to the thermal history and also the fact that the resulting endotherms do not correspond to melting temperatures of sea buckthorn oil pure components. Application of TG method revealed that oxygen has only minor effect on thermo-oxidative stability; degradation of sea buckthorn oil is caused mainly by the elevated temperature.
|
|
|
Determination of C vitamin by HPLC in fruits of individual cultivars of less known kinds of fruits
Cetkovská, Jitka ; Vránová, Dana (referee) ; Vespalcová, Milena (advisor)
Diploma thesis deals with determination of vitamin C in various cultivars of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides, L.) and quince (Cydonia oblonga, Mill.). In theoretical part, there are mentioned basic information about these less known fruit species, their medically significant substances and utilization of these fruits. Various methods for determination of vitamin C are discussed with focus on HPLC and extraction of vitamin C from the matrix. In experimental part, the most suitable column (Gemini C18, 150 x 4,6 mm; 5 m) was chosen from six various columns. Analysis of vitamin C in various cultivars of quince and sea buckthorn fruits were carried out on this column. The various types of matrix preparation and two different separation systems (method with oxalic acid and system with phosphate buffer and methanol as a mobile phases) were investigated too. Vitamin C was determined as an ascorbic acid.
|
guest ::
