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Motivation to teach biology in relation to less popular biological topics
Křečková, Tereza ; Rajsiglová, Ina (advisor) ; Mourek, Jan (referee)
Biology in general is one of the moderately popular or rather popular subjects within science subjects, and at the same time it is often classified as a low-difficulty or even easy subject. Even so, there are areas, such as geology, mycology, protozoology and, surprisingly, botany, which are described as unpopular by pupils in 2nd grade of elementary school and multi-year high schools and do not leave a lasting mark on students or motivate them to explore more deeply. This may be due to a lack of motivation, interest, incorrect attitudes towards these areas of biology or a lack of belief or perception of these particular topics. All of the causes mentioned can also stem from the framework education programmes, and below these programmes in selected European Union countries are compared. The first aim of the bachelor thesis is to discuss the term motivation and to relate it to other terms mentioned in relation to motivation. The other objectives are to look into biological topics and to find which of them are among the unpopular ones among pupils in the Czech Republic, Finland and Slovakia. Among the selected unpopular topics in each country, algology was specifically selected because of its own experience in teaching biology at the 2nd grade of primary school. As a teacher, it is difficult to grasp...
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The Jizera Mountains Peatbogs as a Model Biotope for Teaching Ecology
Marelová, Tereza ; Soldán, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Skýbová, Jana (referee)
The main topic of the bachelor's thesis is the Jizera Mountains peatlands and their use in teaching ecology. The aim of the thesis is to summarize information about the bog as a biotope and use it practically in teaching biology. The thesis is divided into two main parts - the theoretical part and the practical part. The theoretical part is divided into two chapters. The first chapter introduces the reader to the peatlands of the Protected Landscape Area of the Jizera Mountains and focuses on the legal demarcation of protected areas. It describes in more detail the local flora and fauna and the definition of the origin, development, importance and use of peat as well as the negative consequences of the extraction of this raw material and the subsequent protection of these areas as a unique natural biotope for many organisms. The second chapter introduces the reader to the general characteristics of ecology and its disciplines, it also focuses on individual relationships between organisms. The last part of the theoretical part of the chapter is focused on the teaching of ecology in elementary school and its concept in the teaching of the second level. The practical part deals with the use of bogs in the teaching of natural history at primary school and presents a proposal for an excursion to one of...
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Badatelsky orientovaná výuka k tématu sinic a řas
BŘEZINA, Petr
The thesis deals with subject of high school inquiry-based learning (IBL) with focus on phycology. A research of schools' lab equipment, feasibility of IBL and attitude of teachers towards this approach was made. Five inquiry-based exercises were assembled, along with methodical notes and suggestions for teachers. The issues with general phycology teaching and implementing IBL in Czech education system were discussed.
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Mobile applications and CLIL method in Biology classes
Valtrová, Pavlína ; Kotvaltová Sezemská, Karolína (advisor) ; Chlebounová, Irena (referee)
This thesis deals with CLIL method and usage of mobile applications in Biology classes. CLIL stands for "Content and Language Integrated Learning". It is a teaching method that combines foreign language and other subject; in this case it is English and Biology. Not only CLIL helps with improvement of communication skills but also pupils accomplish higher level both in speaking and listening. The main goal of this thesis is to find out if this method is convenient for pupils of primary school. I designed 5 lesson plans that combine CLIL and usage of mobile phone. In addition, I created a worksheet for every class (A4 size, 2 pages). The lessons are focused on following topics: universe, food relations, cell biology, fungi biology and invertebrates. All the lessons are designed for the 6th grade of primary school. Each worksheet is for one lesson and uses different mobile application. Every worksheet comes with different mobile application. The biggest advantage of cell phone is its availability, because almost everyone has got one. Research has shown that it leads to higher variability within the class. Also, it leads to higher motivation, so pupils are more active. The main objective of this work is to ascertain how usage of cell phone impacts the learning process. The research was realized in a...
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Quantitative 3D characterization of biological structures by X-ray computed microtomography
Tesařová, Markéta ; Vaňhara,, Petr (referee) ; Oberta,, Peter (referee) ; Zikmund, Tomáš (advisor)
Moderní vývojová biologie využívá široké spektrum metod k analyzování studovaných struktur. Multioborové týmy v poslední době prosazují využívání 3D přístupu k porozumění biologickým procesům. Jedna z hlavních překážek při využívání 3D zobrazovacích technik v biologii je nedostatek metodologie pro kvantifikování pozorovaných jevů, které často bývají příčinou vývojových či genetických onemocnění. V posledních letech se v biologických výzkumech rozšířilo využití rentgenové počítačové mikrotomografie (mikroCT). Technika mikroCT dokáže poskytnout izotropní rozlišení až 1 µm a při správné přípravě vzorku širokou škálu tkáňové diferenciace. Biologické struktury jsou však rozmanitých velikostí a tvarů a každá struktura vyžaduje specifický přístup v oblasti zpracování dat. Tato práce se zabývá využitím mikroCT pro zobrazování, ale především 3D charakterizaci biologických struktur ex-vivo. Zvláštní důraz je kladen na analýzu měkkých tkání v hlavách myších embryí a zobrazování různých druhů mloků se zaměřením na jejich regenerační schopnosti. Tato práce popisuje relevantní informace pro uživatele mikroCT zabývajícími se biologickými projekty: To zahrnuje přípravu vzorku pro měření, výběr vhodných parametrů k samotnému měření, a především analýzu vzniklého 3D datasetu. Nejnovější technologické pokroky ve 3D zobrazovaní byly studovány a testovány na konkrétních projektech vývojové biologie, kde 3D informace získaná pomocí mikroCT hrála klíčovou roli.
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French Evolutionism in the Light of Modern Science
Šlégr, Pavel ; Hogenová, Anna (advisor) ; Sobotka, Milan (referee) ; Plašienková, Zlatica (referee)
French Evolucionism in the Light of Modern Science Author: Pavel Šlégr This work deals especially on comparasion of thinking of two French thinkers-christian evolutionists of sekond half of 19th century and first half of 20th century: Henri Bergson and Perre Teilhard de Chardin. My comparision ges on following thematice areas: biografy of both thinkers, time and space, overcoming mechanicism, causaility and teleology, sources, direction and structure of evolution, evolutionism of 19th and 20th century. Next part of this work is devoted to undesrtanding man in work of both thinkers. This work deals also contemporary evolutionism, based especially on statistical methods of work with genes and their models. This work deals also modern physical and cosmological theories and brings them to connection with works of Bergson and Teilhard.
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Distance practical teaching and learning
Zdobinská, Helena ; Janštová, Vanda (advisor) ; Jedličková, Tereza (referee)
This diploma thesis describes practical activities and related topics during forced distant education due to COVID-19 pandemic. In the theoretical part of thesis, the distant education is defined. I also described some of its features, which includes absence of physical contact, use of communication platforms, synchrony and asynchrony form of lesson, need for some degree of independence and digital competence. Anonymous questionnaires were made to collect the data from students and their science subjects' teachers (biology, chemistry, and physics). The questions were with free answers, closed answers with choices or scale values. Respondents consisted of 543 students and 24 teachers from Prague and Central Bohemian Region. The answers were categorized and frequencies calculated. The values of numeric answers such as mean, median, minimum and maximum were measured. The relationship between data was analysed by Pearson's chi squared test of independence. This study shows that teachers used practical activities such as experiments, observation or creating something less in distance lessons, compared to their face to face lessons. On the contrary tasks based on text work were used more often. The analysis showed that students preferred tasks containing creating something. Most teachers taught in both...
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Teaching of parasitism in elementary and secondary schools
Čiháková, Kateřina ; Mourek, Jan (advisor) ; Ehler, Edvard (referee)
Main aim of this master thesis is to map the situation of parasitism teaching in elementary and grammar schools. Thats why it contains analysis of reachable elementary and grammar school textbooks - it informs about various kinds of rating the textbooks, which can help both - current and future teachers of biology - to better know and identify reachable textbooks and choose the right ones for the parasitism teaching. It also contains test results of students parasitism knowledge, which are generally very good. Anyway they should learn much more about parazite's manipulation of their host behavior. Other part of my master thesis shows the results of grammar school teachers-filled questionnaires. All questionnaire results (teachers' and students') show that there can be an improvement in parasitism teaching. In next section you can find the Framework Education Programme analysis, own educational programme draft - workbooks, didactic games and powerpoint presentations. Thanks to the realization of teaching the parazites manipulation of their host behavior I found out that students' interest in the topic is quite big so it would be a shame not to share this newly explored area of parasitism with them. Key words: parasite, host, manipulation hypothesis, questionnaires, parasitism teaching
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Inquiry-based education in natural sciences
Nedomová, Martina ; Čížková, Věra (advisor) ; Kettnerová, Bohumila (referee)
The first part of this bachelor work deals with international research projects in the field of scientific education TIMSS (Third international mathematics and science study), PISA (Programme for international student assessment) and ROSE (Relevance of science education). The second one focuses on activities of European Union which are concerned with lack of pupil's interest in natural science. Several references from European Union's research have been published in my work. The main purpose of this work is determine how inquiry-based approach could be put into practise. Another part of the work is about this way of education. Some European projects which apply inquiry-based approach to education are described in this part. In the last chapter I presented Czech project "3V" which uses this new approach in biology.
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