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Testamentary Practice of Prague Jews Based on Analysis of the Books of Testaments from 1681-1850.
Krákora, Tomáš ; Ebelová, Ivana (advisor) ; Šedinová, Jiřina (referee)
This diploma thesis, entitled "Testamentary Practice of Prague Jews Based on Analysis of the Books of Testaments from 1681-1850," deals with the Jewish books of testaments which arose from the office of the King's Prague Old Town during the years 1681 and 1850 and nowadays are deposited in Prague City Archives. The text relates to conclusions presented by previous bachelor thesis and its main aim is the analysis of Jewish last wills from years 1773- 1850 from various points of views - for instance typology of records, testators, language, contents and other. Also analysis of chosen records are attached to the practical section of the work - last wills and related writings of Abraham Offner, Philipp Eidlitz and Löwi Gisternitz are introduced. Collected datas are consequently compared with facts extracted from Jewish books of testaments from years 1681-1773. Detailed summary, diagrams, as well as the photographic attachment are the integral part of the text. Keywords: Jews, Prague, early modern period, manuscripts, testaments, testator, last wills, Abraham Offner, Philipp Eidlitz, Löwi Gisternitz
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Fabula et historia: Vaclav Hajek z Libocan and fictional strategies of historiography
Česká, Jana ; Bílek, Petr (advisor) ; Škarpová, Marie (referee)
So far the academical reception of Czech chronicle by Václav Hájek of Libočany was criticized for not being considerate of the early modern period literary context. It can be concluded from this paper's analysis of previous critiques and interpretations of Hájek's chronicle and from the excerption of key aspects of the theory of fictional worlds, that there is a lack of knowledge about the early modern period discoursive praxis, which defined the fictionality of text(s), as well as about formal and methodical aspects of this kind of work. Only through a thorough inspections of these two aspects it is possible to understand Czech chronicle and similar works as both historiographical sources and components of literary progress. This paper is comprised of selection of theoretical tools meant to identify the distinctions between fictional and non-fictional narratives, of overview of Hájek's chronicle's reception in compendia and editorial comments, and finally of a synthesis of theoretical conclusions and practical classifications of Hájek's chronicle, meaning this paper evaluates their expressive value regarding the current (non-)fictional state of Czech chronicle.
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Collegiate Chapter of Stará Boleslav: economic conditions in the early modern period
Kratochvíl, Miroslav ; Kostlán, Antonín (advisor) ; Maur, Eduard (referee)
In my diploma thesis is analyzed economic security of the collegiate chapter house in Stará Boleslav (near Prague). After an outline of the issue in the Middle Ages, the study concentrates on an evaluation of the profitability and economic impact of the estates of the Stará Boleslav chapter in the early modern period; also other possibilities of economic security are analysed here (including financial effect resulting from the Baroque pilgrimage). In some respects, the comparison is made here between Stará Boleslav collegiate chapter and some similar Czech church institutions. The topic is examined primarily on the basis of unpublished sources (land registers, population censuses etc.; list of the most important of them is included in appendix), taking into account also printed sources and secondary literature.
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Transformation of cultural landscape in metropolis background: Dolní Břežany territory from 16th till 19th century
Kucrová, Veronika ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Semotanová, Eva (referee) ; Koumar, Jiří (referee)
1 Veronika Kucrová: Proměna kulturní krajiny v zázemí hlavního města: Dolnobřežansko v 16. - 19. století Abstract Transformation of the cultural landscape in the vicinity of the capital city: Dolnobřežansko in 16th-19th century This study is dealing with the development of cultural landscape in the Dolní Břežany Estate in the early modern times, specifically from late 16th century to the middle of 19th century. The focal points of the study are three important elements: the development of the built-up areas of the selected villages, the monitoring of the transformation of the landscape out of the built-up and uninhabited areas (forests in particular), and finally the detection of agricultural and other objects in the landscape - the reason of their origin, use and potential downfall. The Dolní Břežany Estate is located 16 km south of Prague, it was established gradually starting in 14th century but its biggest growth was during the beginning of 17th century. Minor aristocratic owners were replaced by influential representatives of the Czech state (the Želínský family of Sebuzín, Michna of Vacínov) until the Prague Archbishopric became the new owner in 1713. Thanks to that, most historical written sources come from the Prague Archbishopric Archive, alternatively from the manor farm estate archive. Using the...
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Julius Henry of Saxe-Lauenburg (1586-1665). Builder of a military career, of a landed dominion and of the eighth wonder of the world
Vokurka, Michal ; Šedivá Koldinská, Marie (advisor) ; Hojda, Zdeněk (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on Julius Henry of Saxe-Lauenburg, an aristocrat from a large family from Lower Saxony, who converted to Catholicism and made a career in the Emperor's army as one of Wallenstein's officers. He gained some large confiscated estates in west Bohemia. Thanks to his wedding politics he became one of the richest aristocrats in the country after the Thirty Year's War. He founded famous gardens around his residences, especially the one in Ostrov, which was called the eight world's wonder. During his long live he acted as an emissary and diplomat, mostly representing the Emperor in the court of the Elector of Saxony. His financial and social capital enabled him to rank high among the czech aristocracy, even though he came to the Catholic Habsburg Monarchy from a Protestant social enviroment.
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Inter-cultural historical anthropology
Náhlovský, Michal ; Vrhel, František (advisor) ; Korecká, Zuzana (referee)
Historical anthropology is a relatively young science discipline. On many projects in the framework of theoretical tasks so far. This work is a bunch of strangers to focus on inter-cultural comparison in the context of historical anthropology. This work will be conducted following the line of the official sources of the history. Rather than the actor himself, will be viewed for what could, in theory, the player or what was his academic freedom. By comparing the two locally so different areas, such as the Czech lands, and Beninese imperium, has a bunch of strangers try to show a comparison as possible in varying degree. The work aims to compare the rights and that mountain obligation the lowest classes of the two States. It has to happen, implanted in the reality of time known as the early modern period in Europe. The work will be based mainly on the strands of legal provenance. Work gives the objective comparison of these facts, without any claims to their binding evaluation.
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Courier Service in Dvůr Králové n. L. in the Early Modern Period
Iša, František ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Kostlán, Antonín (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on the issue of oral and written communication through the groups of couriers, who mediated between smaller royal dowry town Dvůr Králové nad Labem and its own villages as well as another distant locations situated in another dominion. Diploma thesis applies to region called Podkrkonoší in the advanced Early Modern Period, describes and analyses some of the preserved archival primary sources of knowledge dedicated to the courier services in Dvůr Králové nad Labem. It mentions the enviroment in which the gateke- epers and other couriers fulfilled their services. This thesis attempts to define the relationship between the distance and courier's income in Dvůr Králové nad Labem's domain and outside of it. In the context of diverse contents of oral and written messages the thesis mentions sever- al other topics, for example the actual filling work of corvée (or statute labour), showing by gatekeepers the way to hussar-soldier at surveying, transport of beggars and vagabonds and even the beginning of postal services in this area. Working method is based on detailed archival probe into rarely preserved municipal bookkeeping, especially into records of gate- keeper's courier services and records of other settled couriers both from the year 1740 and 1768. Results are presented...
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"And these soldiers have come to us..." The town of Slaný during the Thirty Years War as seen through the papers of its municipal government.
Kmochová, Romana ; Hojda, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Ďurčanský, Marek (referee)
During the Thirty Years War the life of the inhabitants of Central Bohemian Town Slaný was (like the life in other central European towns in this period) mainly influenced by soldiers and various war events. Nevertheless, many changes in their lives were brought by the pawn and subsequent sale of the town to nobleman Jaroslav Bořita z Martinic. This thesis is mainly focused on the municipal administration, especially on war events impacts on the town government and also on the new elements in municipal administration related to the change of its legal status, respectively on encroachment of the new manorial lords on the municipal administration. It also deals with mechanisms used by municipal officials (authorities) to protect the lives and property of town's inhabitant against the rampage soldiery. It is not omitted the interactions occurred between the townspeople and soldiers including self-preserving mechanisms and adaptation strategies that allow them cope with soldiers presence as well.
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The Memoirs of Dačický as a Source of Information about Czech Law of Early Modern Period
Matyášová, Josefína ; Malý, Karel (advisor) ; Starý, Marek (referee)
The thesis deals with one of the most famous sources of citychronography that were being created in Bohemia in the 16th and early 17th century. The most competent and prolific literary author of Dačický's Paměti was Mikuláš Dačický of Heslov - a very controversial figure of the KutnáHora society before the Battle of the White Mountain. Beside introducing Dačický's personality and his own experience with the judiciary of the times, the thesis goes briefly into the history of Kutná Hora in the Middle Ages and the Early Modern Times and describes the city administration and the typical course of legal proceedings as it went before the municipal court. Paměti reflect the diverse crime of the time: the thesis focuses mainly on killing - special attention is paid to the agreements on the head (smlouvy o hlavu), female crimes or suicides - further affrays, duels, slanders and questioning of somebody's impeccability, frauds, thefts and robberies. Keywords Mikuláš Dačický of Heslov, the law, criminality, early modern period, Kutná Hora, city chronicle
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The image of war and militarism in the 16th - 17 century through the eyes of Czech nobles
Opavová, Tereza ; Šedivá Koldinská, Marie (advisor) ; Holý, Martin (referee)
The main subject of the diploma thesis is the view of the war and the military through the early modern opinions of lower nobles, especially by Henry Hýzrl from the Chod (1575- 1665) and Sigmund Chotek of Chotkov (1521-1603). The time frame is set from the 16. to 17. century. Views on contemporary defence of the country are reconstructed on the basis of previously unreleased military debate which is titled Kriegsdiscurs über der hochlöblichen Cron Bohemia Landtdefension by Henry Hýzrl from the Chod. This debate is partly accessible in academic edition at the end of the thesis. The next source, for understanding the intellectual world of the Czech nobility during the wars with the Turks, is military instruction by Sigmund Chotek of Chotkov. The work is based on military debate by Henry Hýzrl from Chod. It is a completely unique view of the war through the view of the Bohemian nobleman.
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