|
|
Second British-Afghan War its Causes, Conduct and Consequences
Kárník, Jiří ; Skřivan, Aleš (advisor) ; Valkoun, Jaroslav (referee)
The Second British-Afghan War was the middle one of three conflicts, which passed between Great Britain and Afghanistan in 1839-1919. This dissertation deals with development of British-afghan relations, and its aggravation culminating into war. Dissertation also tries to explain influence of British concerns of Russian expansion through Central Asia. The conduct of war affairs is also included. Dissertation presents war events from the first action in Khyber Pass all the way to the famous march of British force from Kabul to Kandahar led by General Roberts. It also contains final assessment of the conflict from the sight of British Empire and also from the sight of reunited Afghanistan and its new ruler Abdur Rahman.
|
|
|
Austro-Hungarian Activities in China, 1894-1914.
Kočvar, Jan ; Skřivan, Aleš (advisor) ; Županič, Jan (referee) ; Tejchman, Miroslav (referee)
Austro-Hungarian Activities in China, 1894-1914 PhDr. Jan Kočvar My Ph.D. thesis evaluates Austro-Hungarian activities in China between 1894 and 1914, especially their political aspects. I would like to explain the nature of Austro-Hungarian contacts with China and their significance for the Dual Monarchy. The main source for my thesis was constituted by the materials in Haus-, Hof- und Staatsarchiv in Vienna. Austria-Hungary concluded diplomatic relations with China in 1869, but her position in China remained weak. After the Sino-Japanese War, the Far East became a focus of interest of the Great Powers, and in 1896 was appointed the first Austro-Hungarian Minister to China. During the Scramble for Concessions in late nineties, Austro-Hungarian navy conducted survey of Chinese littoral and contemplated an establishment of a naval base in China, but finally rejected this idea. Austro-Hungarian trade and other interests in China were too insignificant to justify such an action. The peak of Austro-Hungarian presence is connected with the Boxer Uprising of 1900. Austria-Hungary didn't contribute to its genesis. During the uprising, Austro-Hungarian sailors were fighting in besieged Legation Quarter in Beijing, as well as in the metropolitan province of Zhili. Thereafter, Austro-Hungarian diplomacy took...
|
|
|
To the question of the French arms export to China, 1919-1929
Pšenka, Lubomír ; Skřivan, Aleš (advisor) ; Kovář, Martin (referee)
V první polovině 20. století procházela Čína velmi nesnadným obdobím. Revoluce roku 1911 neodstranila vleklou vnitřní krizi a spíše než aby zemi sjednotila, umocnila její prohlubující se dezintegraci. Jednotlivé čínské provincie se stávaly doménami vojenských vládců - militaristů, jejichž kliky mezi sebou soupeřily o moc a to prostředky politickými, ale především vojenskými. Tento rozvrat zasáhl také zájmy velmocí, které v průběhu 19. století získaly od císařské vlády řadu privilegií podpisem tzv. nerovnoprávných smluv. V průběhu první světové války byly západní velmoci nuceny věnovat téměř veškerou svou pozornost a prostředky evropskému bojišti, což dočasně oslabilo jejich pozice v Číně. Zmírnění tlaku západních velmocí tlaku přineslo Japonsku nebývalou příležitost k velmi výraznému posílení jeho vlivu v Číně. Západní velmoci tak byly konfrontovány s dvojí nepříjemnou realitou neklidné čínské vnitropolitické situace a mocné japonské expanze, přičemž tyto dva problémy byly do značné míry vzájemně propojené. Především rozháranost vnitřních poměrů v Číně umožňovala Japoncům prosazovat jejich požadavky a tyto japonské zásahy pak zpětně působily rozkladně na vnitřní čínskou situaci. Oba tyto problémy se západní velmoci, především Velká Británie a Spojené státy americké, pokusily řešit tak, že se pokusily Čínu...
|
|
|
Diplomat and traveller Prokesch Anton von Osten, and the Austrian attitude to the Greek uprising in the years 1826-1830
Míšek, Roman ; Stellner, František (advisor) ; Skřivan, Aleš (referee) ; Wanner, Michal (referee)
Tato disertační práce analyzuje vztah mezi Osmanskou říší a ostatními velmocemi na pozadí politického vývoje východní otázky během eskalace napětí v oblasti Peloponnésu1. Primárním cílem je zmapovat vývoj řeckého konfliktu a politiku Rakouska v Orientu během nesnadného vývoje budoucího řeckého státu, vliv evropských velmocí na tento problém a rozpory mezi jednotlivými velmocemi během řešení řeckého konfliktu. Sekundárním cílem je potom konkrétněji analyzovat činnost Antona Prokesche von Osten, diplomata a cestovatele, jako jednoho z nemnoha rakouských diplomatů epochy devatenáctého století, který úspěšně prosazoval rakouskou politiku v Orientu jak v době před Krymskou válkou, tak v následujícím půlstoletí, kdy byla monarchie přinucena hledat nové spojence náhradou za ztracené spojenectví ruského impéria.
|
|
|
The British-German "Colonial Honeymoon": The Heligoland Treaty
Schuster, Jan ; Valkoun, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Skřivan, Aleš (referee)
This thesis is focused on the issues of establishment and the earliest historical development of German possessions in Africa in connection with common activities of Great Britain and the German Empire in international relations. I have aimed at the period since the very establishment of territories under German protection to signing the Heligoland Treaty. During the investigation of the latter I supposed that the intentions of both states had been different. While Great Britain in the 19th century supported primarily its colonial domains, the interest of German Empire's foreign policy was focused on the problems of Europe. British Prime minister Lord Salisbury aimed to maintain Uganda to stay aloof from German influence. On the other hand, German Foreign Office tried to gain Heligoland. These two facts influenced totally form and results of mutual cooperation. This thesis aims to analyse diplomatic British-German colonial relationships and explains origin, wording and meaning of the Heligoland Treaty. I have mentioned the view of leading political representatives of Great Britain and the German Empire of colonial issues in this context as well. The Heligoland Treaty is an important document for understanding international relations in the 1880s and early 1890s. Its conclusion had far-reaching...
|
|
|
Women and the Question of Irish Independence
Blažková, Olga ; Skřivan, Aleš (advisor) ; Tumis, Stanislav (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with women who played an active part in the struggle for Irish independence in the years 1890-1921. The women who I mainly focused on weren`t mere auxiliaries to men. Even though Ireland at that time was a highly conservative country, where the role of both sexes was strictly divided, these women managed to challenge social conventions. They founded their own national organizations, which (perhaps in their size, definitely in their prominence) had then no equivalent in other European countries. They used every opportunity to assert themselves in political as well as military fields and some of them even took up high political posts. Therefore besides depicting the actual activities of women on behalf of the national movement, this work is trying to evaluate the mutual relationship between nationalism and the question of women`s emancipation. The main events of the Anglo-Irish conflict then provide the background for this work. According to this the diploma is divided chronologically into three main chapters, which deal with the periods before and after the first world war. That is because the world war contributed largely to the breakout of the Easter uprising and the following rise of a mass revolutionary movement in Ireland. The diploma ends with gains of a dominion...
|
|
|
The position of women and "women question" in late Victorian and Edwardian society
Tumis, Stanislav ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Skřivan, Aleš (referee) ; Halada, Jan (referee)
The position of women in British society at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries was influenced by the traditional conservative ideas which allocated their place in "private (domestic) sphere"; these views continued to have in Britain considerable influence and they were moreover supported by the new ideologies of social darwinism, social maternalism or eugenics. At the same time the influence of representatives of liberal, democratic ideas, the so called new people advocating women emancipation in all spheres of life largely grew. It is not possible to perceive the end of Victorian and Edwardian era as a period in which the modern ideas on women position in society succeeded; on the contrary old conservative concepts though often in new context and another "more moderate" version had the support of the majority of British society, including women. The main reason why the feminists failed to enforce their radical claims at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries lied in the fact that women movement was confined largely to the liberal elites of middle classes and failed to obtain wider support.
|
|
|
Foreign Policy of Russia during the Reign of Catherine II
Janik, Jakub ; Skřivan, Aleš (advisor) ; Valkoun, Jaroslav (referee)
TITLE: Foreign Policy of Russia during the Reign of Catherine II. AUTHOR: Jakub Janik DEPARTEMENT: Institute of World History SUPERVISOR: Prof. PhDr. Aleš Skřivan, CSc., FRSA ABSTRACT The goal of this work is to summarize the most important aspects of the foreign policy of Russia in 18th century, mainly the foreign polivcy of Catherine II. Each chapter is focused on one political partner of Russia - Poland, Sweden, Ottoman Empire and the superpowers of the time - United Kingdom, France, Prussia and Habsburg monarchy. This work describes how these relations changed and evolved throughout the years. The main source for this work is Czech and foreing professional literature. KEYWORDS Catherine II, Russian foreign policy, 18th century
|
|
|
Reflections of social and political conditions of late Tudor and early Stuart England in the work of William Shakespeare
Zemanová, Michaela ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Skřivan, Aleš (referee)
The aim of the dissertation was understanding and explaining historical plays of the most famous Elizabethan dramatists - namely William Shakespeare - in the context of the time the plays originated. Shakespeare's historical plays were the main source. Works of Elizabethan and early Jacobite dramatists were influenced by political, economical and religious changes in England of that time. Elizabethan writers were to celebrate and in some way legitimize the dynasty of the Tudors. The right of grandfather of Elizabeth II to English throne was quite problematic from some point of view. In his historical plays William Shakespeare also celebrated English history and he tried to created a picture of an "ideal ruler". First of all, his "Richard III" helped to make a portrait of Henry VII "who saved England from tyrannical rule of Richard III". So Shakespeare legitimized coming of dynasty of the Tudors. Shakespeare's interpretation of the "biggest villain" of English history influenced further generations of writers and historians. On the base of psychological development of historical figures which are complemented by peculiar characters from lower class Shakespeare uncovered religious and political problems of his time and relations between different social classes.
|
|
|
The conflict in the Middle east and internationally, the political role of Germany in the peace process at the beginning of the third millennium
Jaroš, Tomáš ; Horčička, Václav (advisor) ; Skřivan, Aleš (referee) ; Houda, Přemysl (referee)
Univerzita Karlova Filozofická fakulta Ústav světových dějin Historické vědy - Obecné dějiny Tomáš Jaroš Konflikt na Blízkém východě a mezinárodně politická role Německa v mírovém procesu na počátku třetího tisíciletí The conflict in the Middle east and internationally, the political role of Germany in the peace process at the beginning of the third millennium Abstrakt dizertační práce 2017 Prof. PhDr. Václav Horčička, Ph.D. Title: The conflict in the Middle east and internationally, the political role of Germany in the peace process at the beginning of the third millennium Abstract: The theme of the presented work is the conflict between the two parties for the entry into of the problem and his suggestion how to solve the resulting dispute and the subsequent review of the German policy in the Middle east from a German perspective to the war outbreak. The first part of the work focuses on the content and the nature of the conflict between Israel and Palestine. The second part will be an analysis of the actual German middle east policy, as shaped, change and implement the federal government since the early fifties.The second half of the second section will provide interpretation of the German middle east policy at the turn of the second and third millennium. This section will outline and explain the three...
|
guest ::
