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An Endless War: A Comparison of Three American Presidential Administrations during the Afghan War
Seemann, Šimon ; Raška, Francis (advisor) ; Sehnálková, Jana (referee)
The bachelor's thesis "Infinity War: A Comparison of Three US Presidents' Administrations on the War in Afghanistan" analyses and then compares the policies of the administrations of George W. Bush, Barack Obama and Donald Trump towards the war in Afghanistan, between 2001 and 2021. The focus is on the aspects that have made it difficult, even impossible, for the United States to try to build a strong state capable of functioning independently. The aim of the thesis is to create a comprehensive picture of how each administration approached the conflict in Afghanistan, how they acted, and what stood in the way of a successful ccompletion of the mission. Through a detailed look at all three policies, the thesis attempts to answer the stated research questions, to find out what are the main aspects of each administration's failure in the war in Afghanistan and define some similarities. The first three chapters of the thesis describe the visions, strategies and their subsequent implementation in the conflict. Each administration approached the conflict in a different way, which often shifted and changed during its tenure as the conflict evolved. The final, fourth chapter reveals the realities of the conflict in a different light, thanks to published government documents, and looks at the reasons that...
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The influence of the alleged existence of a "bomber gap" on diplomacy and strategy of the United States of America in the crisis of 1956 during the first presidential period of D. D. Eisenhower
Krebs, Martin ; Pondělíček, Jiří (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
The "bomber gap" crisis is not well known in the general Cold War consciousness. In addition, the generally accepted and, from my point of view, simplified course of the formation of the "bomber gap" can be questioned using relevant sources, and the same is true of the dating event, which is also treated very loosely. If the course of this event was questioned, it is necessary to look for the cause of the "bomber gap" in a different, than generally accepted plane, referring to the observation during the air show. Some authors thus offer an explanation of the "bomber gap" both from the point of view of political economy and from the point of view of the human factor in the secret services. The second view of the "bomber gap" concerns both crises taking place at the end of 1956, the Suez Crisis and the Hungarian Uprising. Although it would seem that strategic air power and nuclear bombs will be a key factor and play a more important role in solving both crises, where both strategies and doctrines of the two great powers, the doctrine of the liberation of Eastern Europe from communism and the Soviet doctrine of penetration into the countries of the Third, indirectly clashed world. At first glance, the strategic air force here played a secondary role, the capacities of both countries for a nuclear...
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The problematics of the evolution of euthanasia and assisted suicide in the United States of America in relation to the development of global human rights
Kovalenko, Marija ; Raška, Francis (advisor) ; Sehnálková, Jana (referee)
My thesis addresses the question of how the issue of euthanasia and physician-assisted dying in the United States of America has been evolving in relation to the development of human rights. Taking a long-term view, arguments of the current debate on the issue of evaluation of both practices, euthanasia and physician-assisted dying has revealed the persistent controversial stance on moral justifications of ethics dissonance and the economic response. The point is to illustrate the scope of the dissociation by analyzing arguments and counter- arguments in relation to the question of the bilateral interweaving and interaction with respect for fundamental human rights and a synopsis of the ethics of dying that take into account the abuse of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide. The interpretation of the development of the attitude of American society and the American medical diaspora has been reflected. In euthanasia and physician-assisted dying debates, analytical synopsis of the development of tolerance in American society in the context of rational choice in view of the economic, ethical, and religious assumptions and the possibility of an alternative option have been critically scrutinized. Given the ambiguous nature of ethical permissibility and legalization of euthanasia and assisted...
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The Religious Factor in the Republican Party and the Influence of Evangelical Support on Its Candidates
Baroš, André ; Raška, Francis (advisor) ; Pondělíček, Jiří (referee)
This thesis explores evangelical Republican candidates and the influence wielded over them by the Christian conservative voter base. The research premise being the electoral campaigns and rhetoric utilized by both the candidates as well as faith leaders vying for more legislative influence. The first chapter is dedicated to the politicization of the church and the main points of political contention for its representatives. Here one gets to know the most influential individuals of the New Christian Right as well as the ground- breaking tactics it used to push its agenda. Furthermore a litany of vehicles used for political advancement is provided. From a theoretical standpoint comes a description of the internal party dynamics of the GOP. This is followed by a case study of specific candidates. Starting with Ronald Reagan in 1980, the chapter later focuses on the Senate career of Jesse Helms throughout the 1970's and 1980's. Then it moves on to Pat Robertson's 1988 presidential campaign and the chapter concludes with the succesful 2000 campaign of Texas governor George W. Bush. The final chapter explores the impact of electing such a candidate as well as the concrete actions that were meant to appease religious voters. Finally a conclusion is available.
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Comparison of the Foreign Policy of Donald Trump and Barack Obama with Respect to the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict
Starec, Jan ; Pondělíček, Jiří (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
This thesis analyses and then compares the approaches of the two US presidents Barack Obama (2009-2017) and Donald Trump (2017-2021) to a resolution of the Israeli- Palestinian conflict. The thesis aims to answer the research question, which of the two presidents played a greater mediating role in the peace process of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The main research is complemented by two additional research questions: firstly, whether the American role of mediator or the role of judge was more beneficial to the progress of the conflict peace process during the Obama and Trump terms. And secondly, in what ways did Obama and Trump set the stage for the future continuation of the Israeli- Palestinian peace process, in other words, which of their decisions regarding the peace process have the potential to contribute to the future resolution of the conflict. The thesis includes analyses of the strategies and policy decisions of both presidents in the context of the resolution of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, during their terms in office. This is followed by an analysis and comparison of the approaches of the two presidents, including the main differences and similarities, for example in the concept of a two-state solution or other key issues of the peace process. Based on the research conducted,...
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Escalation of tension in the Persian Gulf in 2019 in the context of developments in Iran-US relations
Vítek, Kryštof ; Pondělíček, Jiří (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
This bachelor's thesis examines the escalation of tensions in the Persian Gulf in 2019 in the context of the development of bilateral relations between the United States of America and Iran in the period 2017-2019. The thesis aims to identify the specific reasons that preceded the escalation of tensions in the Persian Gulf region in the defined period of May to September 2019, not only within the mentioned context of the development of US-Iranian bilateral relations but also in terms of the geopolitical rivalry between Tehran and the crucial Middle Eastern partner of the United States - Saudi Arabia. The research question of the thesis scrutinizes whether the securitization of Iran within Donald Trump's national security strategy has become the main reason for the escalation of tensions. To achieve the set objectives and answer the research question, the thesis uses the methodology based on the content analysis of selected literature. The thesis is divided into three parts which, besides Trump's practiced policy towards Iran, outline the potential contribution of the three main geopolitical actors of the Persian Gulf, i.e., the United States, Saudi Arabia, and Iran to the tension in the Persian Gulf in 2019. The result of the investigation confirms the thesis that Trump's securitization narrative...
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Corruption phenomenon as a populist tool in Mexico: the case of A. M. López Obrador's rhetoric in 2018 presidential campaign
Primasová, Rachel ; Perutka, Lukáš (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
The thesis entitled The Phenomenon of corruption as an instrument of populism in Mexico: the case of A. M. López Obrador's rhetoric in the 2018 presidential campaign examines the corruption struggle of AMLO, the President of Mexico in the 2018-2024 period. His strong anti-corruption rhetoric in the 2018 election campaign led to many expectations, both among the public and foreign organizations. However, after the first half of the Mexican President's term, there has been no successful anti-corruption fight; instead, Mexico's position on corruption has worsened. The failure to tackle the problem of bribery, corruption scandals close to the president, the unclear methodology of the anti-corruption fight, together with López Obrador's history as a populist rhetorician, leads to the question of how far the promised fight against corruption was serious and how far it was just a tool to gain the necessary public support. The author's thesis confirms the hypothesis that in López Obrador's case it was a matter of using the issue of corruption as a tool of political strategy of populism. This theory assumes the use of appropriate circumstances by a populist actor to achieve the set goals. Institutional weakness, the importance of the issue of corruption and the discredited nature of previous governments created the...
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The Trump Administration and Its Impact on Czech Foreign Policy
Bastlová, Renée ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
This thesis examines the impact of the Trump Administration on Czech foreign policy. The aim is to analyze the changes that have occurred and explain what they have meant for the Czech Republic. The thesis uses the method of foreign policy analysis to achieve its goals. In his campaign, President Trump criticized multilateralism and what he saw as an unfavorable position of the USA in transatlantic relations. He withdrew from a number of multilateral organizations and imposed tariffs on European imports to the US by which he limited free trade. Among other things, President Trump used an aggressive style when calling on NATO member countries to honor their pledge to contribute two percent of GDP to the common defense. Trump's approach to the transatlantic relationship posed a challenge, as his actions contradicted the main goals of Czech foreign policy, which are security, prosperity, and sustainable development. The relationship between the two countries is asymmetric, and the Czech Republic must adapt to changes in US foreign policy. On the other hand, due to the growing influence of China and Russia, the US has increased its presence in Central and Eastern Europe. This attention resulted in the Czech Republic's leadership in the 5G talks. At the same time, space has opened up for the creation of...
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Donald Trump's Attempts to Influence the Operation of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty and the U.S. Agency for Global Media
Mužíková, Natálie ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the influence of Trump's policy on American broadcasting abroad. The aim of the work was an objective evaluation of the influence and role of Trump's policy on the Independent Global Media Agency (USAGM) and Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL). The bachelor's thesis briefly describes the history and development of RFE/RL and USAGM, as well as the relationship of Donald Trump with the media and especially the character of Stephen Bannon. The following part of the work introduces the character of Michael Pack, along with the controversies caused by his nominations and especially his subsequent work as the director of the USAGM. The result of the research is that even though the changes made by USAGM CEO Michal Pack were fundamental and in the short term paralyzed the agency, they were mostly perverted by the advent of the new administration. In conclusion, the idea of influencing the media, which is now very current, and the question of the future of the agency and broadcasting stations themselves are emphasized. The bachelor's thesis uses the procedures of qualitative research, analysis of existing literature and synthesis.
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