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Vaults from the circle of Benedikt Ried
Pavlíková, Helena ; Macek, Petr (advisor) ; Bachtík, Jakub (referee)
This bachelor thesis aims to examine vaults from the period between the end of 15th and beginning of 16th century which are attributed to the workshop of Benedikt Ried. Apart from his workshop, this thesis will also cover similiar vaults both in former Bohemian kingdom and other countries, which could have been connected to the works of Benedikt Ried. The thesis will also analyze the building techniques of the vaulting systems, describe the basic construction principles and summarize the scientific research of this topic from earlier researchers.
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Spectral Changes of Vowels at Different Levels of Articulation Rate
Pavlíková, Helena ; Skarnitzl, Radek (advisor) ; Studenovský, David (referee)
The thesis deals with short vowel changes in different level of articulation rate in Czech. Read texts in three levels of articulation rate from 13 people were used. The duration of vowels and the frequencies of F1-F3 were measured, the frequencies in Hertz were normalized using Lobanov's normalizing method. The data were analyzed with Student's t-test. The duration of the vowels was shortened with the higher level of articulation rate. The vowels were systematically centralized and the vowel space shrank with the higher level of articulation rate. The centralization was strongest at the edges of the vowel space - /i/, /a/, /u/. The least changes were found in /e/. Particularly the frequencies of F1 and F2 were influenced, no systematic changes were found in F3. Even the vowels strongly influenced with preceding consonant were centralized, and there was no difference between stressed and unstressed vowels. The centralization was stronger when the vowels were chosen with regard to their duration (compared to the level of articulation rate). The centralization was stronger in the speakers with higher differences in articulation rate levels. Keywords: articulation rate, vowel formant frequencies, duration, reduction, centralization, coarticulation
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