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Political Parties Turning Green: Adoption of the Environmental Issues by Political Parties in the Czech Republic
Sálová, Anna ; Novák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee)
UNIVERZITA KARLOVA FAKULTA SOCIÁLNÍCH VĚD Institut politologických studií Mgr. Anna Sálová ZELENÁNÍ POLITICKÝCH STRAN - ADOPCE ENVIRONMENTÁLNÍ POLITIKY PARLAMENTNÍMI STRANAMI V ČESKÉ REPUBLICE Rigorózní práce Praha 2012 Autor práce: Mgr. Anna Sálová Konzultant práce: Prof. Dr. Miroslav Novák Rok obhajoby: 2012 Bibliografický záznam: SÁLOVÁ, A., Zelenání politických stran - Adopce environmentální politiky parlamentními stranami v ČR, Rigorózní práce, Univerzita Karlova, Fakulta sociálních věd, Institut politologických studií, Konzultant rigorózní práce Prof. Dr., Miroslav Novák, Praha 2012, 169 s. Anotace: Rigorózní práce "Zelenání politických stran - Adopce environmentální politiky parlamentními stranami v České republice" se zabývá fenoménem zelenání univerzalistických politických stran ve smyslu jejich postupné adopce environmentální politiky do volebních programů. Objektem zkoumání jsou programy českých parlamentních stran podle výsledků voleb do Poslanecké sněmovny Parlamentu České republiky v červnu 2010. Problematika je zkoumána z kvantitativního i kvalitativního komparativního hlediska, snaží se odhalit trendy v přijímání environmentální politiky do programových dokumentů a popsat jednotlivé postoje českých parlamentních stran k zelenému programu. Práce dále zkoumá vztah této programové změny k...
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The Role of So Called Small Size Parties in the Czech Party System in 1996-2010
Guth, David ; Just, Petr (advisor) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee)
This thesis seeks to analyse small parties within the Czech party system with the focus on the period of 1996 - 2010. The Attention is paid to those small parties that succeeded in the elections to the Chamber of Deputies. A theoretical framework of the small parties is presented in the first chapter. It is also necessary to outline a development of the small parties before the examined era (i.e. 1989-1996). There is a need to ask whether the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia could be seen as a small party or not. The main part of the work concentrates on years following the election in 1996 till last one in 2010 because it is recognised that circa since that time the Czech party system has begun to stabilise. It is structured in a chronological order from one election to another. Here 3 aspects that are related to the activities of the small parties, according to the author are studied: 1. results of the parties in elections to the Chamber of Deputies. 2. parties' influence at the time of creating a national government. 3. a position of the parties within a defined election period. In the last chapter the author placed results of one part of his research that was based on interviewing mainly former small parties MPs. The second part (inquiry via e-mail correspondence) is offered in the appendix.
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Reflection of group interests in political decision-making processes: an institutional approach
Kotlas, Petr ; Novák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Čmejrek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee)
Ing. Petr Kotlas Reflexe skupinových zájmů v procesu politického rozhodování: institucionální přístup Disertační práce Praha 2012 Annotation PhD thesis "Reflection of group interests in political decision-making processes: an institutional approach" deals with the role of group interests reflected into the specific decision-making actions, on various stages of the political discourse. The thesis offers a methodological contribution, consisting in an interconnecting of the analysis of interest groups with a new institutional paradigm, utilizing its fundamental concepts, particularly transaction costs, formal and informal institutions, and various types of 5 institutional setting, its equilibrium and change. Among the problems of pluralist democracy there are underlined the processes of cleavage and cohesion, shaping group diversity under the condition of multi-actor democracy. The characteristic of political decision-making involves beyond general framework also problems of group decisionmaking. Two alternative approaches to the policy-making analysis are explored: first, an arena approach, focused on the relations among actors, arenas, and agendas; second, an approach focused on the different networks of policy-making. There is the phenomenon of lobbying analyzed in detail, including the controversial...
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The Elements Influencing the Degree of the Right-Wing Extremism in the Czech Republic after 1989
Vaníček, Pavel ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee)
Diploma thesis "The Elements Influencing the Degree of the Right-Wing Extremism in the Czech Republic after 1989" deals both with the general right-wing extremism, with its historical development and his particular ideologies, and concretely with the situation in the Czech Republic after the Velvet Revolution and with his reasons, as well, and with it related solutions, how the right-wing extremism utmost to eliminate. It is interesting and edifying to get knowledge of, how in the period of modernizing, also especially in the nineteenth century, the western society commuted itself and what impacts this epoch had upon the human thinking and self-awaking. What trains of thought this emancipation ended in and what influence this all had upon the world history. Starting with the nationalism, that had been the cause of the fascism and consequently of the Nazism, and ending with the neofascism and neo-Nazism. After the year 1989 all these phenomenons had naturally marked impact upon the formation of the modern Czech extreme right, as well. Of course, the mentioned phenomenons are not coming just by themselves. They are always, more or less, conditioned on something. And rightly these conditioning, let us say understating, elements the work is dealing with, too. As well as with the suggestions of positive solution...
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The causes of fragility of the Albanian democracy
Shahini, Johana ; Novák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee) ; Stojarová, Věra (referee)
Mgr. Johana Shahini - The causes of fragility of the Albanian democracy Factors that influenced the fragility of Albanian democracy vary. This work highlights the main weaknesses of Albanian democracy. It focuses on the political consequences and effects of electoral laws in Albanian political system and the Albanian party system. It analyzes the political inputs and outputs of the democratic process through 4 main variables: the political system, which means the institutional sphere, political factor in terms of political parties, political elite and electoral laws/systems. The first chapter contains introduction to the historical background of the regime. The second chapter analyzes the institutional heritage in the interwar period. The third chapter focuses on the characteristics of the Albanian communist regime and its results. The fourth chapter focuses on transitional period through a detailed analysis of strategic policy decisions and results of transformation process. The fifth chapter focuses on the build-up phase of post-communist institutions between 1991 and 2001. This explains the ins and outs of political process and initial institutional negotiations and proposals. The sixth chapter focuses on the phase of consolidation of these institutions between 2001 and 2010. The analysis shed some light...
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Role of English in globalizing world
Hnízdo, Bořivoj ; Novák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Romancov, Michael (referee) ; Baar, Vladimír (referee)
This work attempts to provide a detailed analysis of the role of English in today's globalizing world. It explains two fundamental theories associated with the role. The first one consists of the existence of a global system of languages in the contemporary world in which English plays the central role. The second one consists of the so-called language imperialism where the role of English consists of oppressing small languages. This work does not just analyze these theories but seeks an individual approach to the topic while being aware of the clear limits of the exceptional status of English among other languages in today's world. The topic of this work is cross-disciplinary but is based on the social sciences. The work has been divided into three parts in order to cover all aspects of the topic. The first part contains a summary of the English-speaking countries worldwide. The second part deals with the issue of English as a language of international communication. The third part is aimed at the question as to whether or not today's status of English is indeed exceptional, whether or not it is the only global language and whether or not English will be able to maintain its current status in the near future.
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Geopolitical aspects of Soviet agression against Czechoslovakia in August 1968
Fidler, Jiří ; Hnízdo, Bořivoj (advisor) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee) ; Jirásek, Zdeněk (referee)
This dissertation examines the context of the aggressive incursion into Czechoslovakia by five armies of the Warsaw Pact in August 1968. In contrast to histographically favoured ideological conflicts, it tries to find an explanation for the whole operation by exploring basic aspects of the Soviet Union's power interests, especially on the military-strategic field. The problem in compiling this paper was a lack of primary information sources, which are still subject to the highest secrecy. In contrast, available information includes theoretical analyses of doctrinal issues in professional publications. However, I primarily used information on the practical implementation of organisational and conceptual directives, which were based on doctrinal and strategic concepts. In view of the close ties between Warsaw Pact armed forces, the basic outlines of Soviet strategic concepts can also be observed in their application under Czechoslovak conditions. Given the evident continuity of Soviet foreign and military policy from the thirties through to the eighties, geopolitical aspects of the Soviet Union's activities on the international scene can be defined. Irrespective of the ideological rejection of the terms "geopolitical" or "vital interests", Soviet political and military leadership was in principal governed by...
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Virtual democracy: information technology, modern society and digitized elections
Sál, Karel ; Jüptner, Petr (advisor) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee)
The thesis "Virtual Democracy: Information Technology, Modern Society and Digitized Elections" has the ambition of approaching the theoretical debate of the relatively new koncept of e-democracy. New technologies in combination with modern society have great potencial in changing the political space not only as a medium, but also the character of the actors of the process. In the first plan the thesis deals with the practical usage of electronic devises on the basis of new technologies in the area of voting egality, knowledgeable understanding, control of agenda setting and efficient participation. In the second plan it deals with the main circumstances for the implementation of new technologies, and in the end examinates the normative dimension of these new technologies in enduring or weakening of democracy. Due to the fact, that the topic of new technologies in democracy lies between today and the future, the thesis occupies itself also by the expectations of their impact on the future of politics. An indivisible part of virtual democracy is the poll digitalization, who's form and role will be also a part of the thesis's preoccupation. Keywords elections, democracy, e-democracy, digitalizacion, information technology, virtual democracy
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Borda rule as an alternative to other types of ordinal majoritarian electoral systems
Švec, Radek ; Lebeda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee)
This thesis focuses on the less studied electoral systems, which are called ordinal. These methods allow the voters to order the candidates according to their preferences. The work provides a historical insight into this issue with regard to economics and political science theories, based on the concept of the Condorcet winner. Condorcet winner is the person who defeats all other candidates in pairwise elections and by theorists of the electoral system is the ability to choose the Condorcet winner essential. The work examines three electoral methods - alternative and suplementary vote and Borda rule. These electoral systems are analyzed in terms of effects to system of political parties, political actors and the electorate, with the emphasis on the utilization rate of preferential votes. These aspects are examined on the basis of the actual election results obtained from the website of the electoral commissions and independent institutions. Based on these data, a mathematical model that compares the effects of electoral systems is then created. The conclusion summarizes the results of the analysis and the author expresses further recommendations to address these electoral methods, not only professionally and scientifically, but also as real alternatives for real election.
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The Preferential voting of the Koalice voters in the elections for the Chamber of deputies in 2002. Never more with the KDU-ČSL into the coalition
Navrátil, Vojtěch ; Lebeda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee)
Diploma thesis "The Preferential voting of the Koalice voters in the elections for the Chamber of Deputies in 2002. Never more with the KDU-ČSL into the coalition" is concerned with the preferential voting of the Koalice voters in the elections in 2002 in selected electoral districts which are The Liberec Region, The Hradec Králové Region and The Zlín Region. The thesis focuses especially on the question in how big municipalities gained the KDU-ČSL and the US-DEU canditates the highest support from voters, wheter there was a connection between the distribution of preferential votes for the KDU-ČSL candidates and theUS-DEU voters of the Koalice in 2002 with distribution of preferential votes for these parties by the Čtyřkoalice voters in the regional elections in 2000; whether the structure of municipalities, in which the Koalice voters in 2002 and the KDU-ČSL and the US voters in 1998 in the elections for the PSP ČR bestowed the highest and the lowest percentage of preferential notes, was different; whether the proportion of preferential votes for the KDU-ČSL and the US-DEU candidates was connected with a local variability of the chosen sociodemografic variables and what was the distribution of regional electoral support of the best succesful candidates in 2002. The basic level of the almost whole...
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