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Effect of flash ads on the environment and its comparison with the production of PET bottles
Krejčí, Martin ; Koblovský, Petr (advisor) ; Rod, Aleš (referee)
This bachelor thesis examines the impact of online advertisments created using Flash technology on the environment in the U.S. and then compares it to influence of production of PET bottles on the environment in the U.S.. The thesis describes the functioning of the flash ads. In the analysis there are compared the carbon footprint left-out of the difference in electricity consumption in the enabled and disabled Flash ads and production of PET bottles. The aim of the analysis is to compare the costs of flash advertising and PET bottles in term of environment and to consider revenues resulting from them and to answer the question whether the flash advertisement market is not regulated only because it does not seem originally to damage the environment as much as PET bottles does, and if it should not be regulated.
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Alcohol and Cigarettes: Substitutes or Complements?
Totzauer, Přemysl ; Koblovský, Petr (advisor) ; Babin, Jan (referee)
This paper uses agregate level data in the Czech Republic from 1995 to 2008 to estimate if alcohol and cigarettes are complements or substitutes. The question whether alcohol and cigarettes are substitutes or complements is crucial for considering efficient anti-drug policies, however there has been only a few discussion regarding this topic. My estimation results suggest that cigarette price plays a significant role in both cigarettes and alcohol demand and an increase in cigarette price leads to a decrease in both cigarettes and alcohol consumption. This suggest that alcohol is a complement to cigarettes and anti-drug policy focused on cigarettes causes double win effect. Alcohol price increase leads to increase in cigarette consumption but alcohol price is statistically signifficant neither in alcohol nor in cigarette consumption, therefore we can't use this as evidence for cigarettes being substitutes to alcohol.
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The influence of regulatory fees in health care on patient behavior
Šitinová, Kristina ; Koblovský, Petr (advisor) ; Pichaničová, Ludmila (referee)
This study describes influences of health insurance on human behavior, can explain phenomena that could arise due to the introduction of regulatory fees in Czech Republic, examines the effect of clearing a regulatory fees for expenses of the General Health Insurance Company to medicines. To determine the effect of canceling the obligation to pay the regulatory fees uses data obtained from the General Health Insurance Company in the period from 1st January 2008 to 1st July 2010. Using the method Difference in Differences concluded about the effect of regulatory fees for expenses VZP to medicines.
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Estimation of household total risk
Frömel, Jaroslav ; Koblovský, Petr (advisor) ; Svoboda, Miroslav (referee)
The thesis focuses on estimation of household total risk exposure and factors affecting this estimation. The risk is represented with a financial loss of 20k CZK in the next month and with a financial loss of 50k CZK in the next 12 months. Nearly a half of participants in the survey (n=55) estimates the likelihood of this financial shock as being low, however the number of participants with high estimate increases for the next 12 months. The estimate of total risk exposure increases with age, for self-employed and single parents, next with income and assets, however overall wealth decreases the estimate. Significant factors are education, financial behaviour and cognitive abilities which all have a decreasing effect on the estimate. Availability is considered as significant having a positive effect while biased evaluation of risks has a negative effect. Time preferences can play an important role in the estimation of a long-term risk.
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Analysis of out-of-court disputes of consumer
Zajícová, Jana ; Horová, Olga (advisor) ; Koblovský, Petr (referee)
Diploma thesis deals with the possibility of consumer dispute resolution outside the courts and its emphasis on functional approaches in the Czech Republic. Is described the Project of the Ministry of Industry and Trade for Ensuring Out of Court Settlement of Consumer Disputes which presents new opportunities for Czech consumers. The analytical part of the work represents an analysis of the functioning of the two-year pilot phase of Project, an evaluation its results on the basis of statistical data on the number of complaints, on the basis of results of ADR questionnaire and on the basis of results of questionnaire surfy aimed to general awareness about the Project. Obtained data are evaluated and suggested solutions to improve the operation of the Project.
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Discrimination and Unintended Consequences
Švaňa, Ivan ; Munzi, Tomáš (advisor) ; Koblovský, Petr (referee)
The thesis is divided in two parts. The first, theoretical part familiarizes the reader with the term "discrimination" in economical theory from past until present and helps to understand the nature of economical problem of discrimination. Consequently, its modern forms, the efforts of governments to solve this problem by including the anti-discrimination precautions into the law and present state of discrimination at labour market in Czech Republic are described. The second, practical - analytic part, is dedicated to analysis of unintended consequences of anti-discrimination precautions, the analysis of state interventions economy in given area, possible question of moral hazard, and oddities of mature anti-discrimination policies of Germany or USA. Based on these analyses, the conclusion is dedicated to my approach to discrimination at labour market and to own ideas how to understand and solve given problem.
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The development of central bank's activity in Czech republic since 1989
Divíšková, Lenka ; Zeman, Karel (advisor) ; Koblovský, Petr (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyse central bank's status progress in Czech Republic and its functioning with focus on crucial changes in Czech financial framework since 1989. Reason I chose this topic was that we currently find ourselves in financial and economic crisis, behind which occurrence are logically activities of central banks. Theoretical part is aiming to describe general theory of central banking, determination of banking system and scope, functions and instruments of the central bank. Analytical part is going to describe legislative scope of activities of the Czech central bank since 1989 until now at first. Afterwards, I am going to analyse activities' progress of the central bank in two basic areas, i. e. monetary policy and supervision.
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Discrimination in Labor Market - Is Solvent by Adoption of Anti-discriminatory Laws Efficient?
Třesohlavý, Pavel ; Munzi, Tomáš (advisor) ; Koblovský, Petr (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to analyze what can be regarded as discrimination in the labor market and why discrimination in the labor market actually generates, therefore, what makes entrepreneurs (employers) discriminate. Is discrimination socially inefficient, or can non-discriminated groups benefit from it in long term? I will focus on the most frequent types of discrimination in this thesis that may occur in the labor market in Czech Republic. Concretely, it is a racial discrimination (presented by the Romany minority), age discrimination or differences in employment and remuneration between men and women. I will pay my attention also to how is this inefficiency solved by the adoption of anti-discriminatory laws by Czech Government or by institutions of European Union. Is this legislation really effective or does it bring any unintended incidences?
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Pension reform: necessity or rent-seeking?
Paroubková, Martina ; Munzi, Tomáš (advisor) ; Koblovský, Petr (referee)
Pension reform is a very discussed topic of these days. Almost all groups of population agree that present system is unmaintainable because of the unfavourable demographic evolution. However, suggested methods of solution are various. This work is focused especially on a possibility of transition to a mandatory saving that represents one of three pillars of the pension system. Its aim is to analyze if the reform of the pension system can be a contribution for the whole population or only for certain groups. The paper will evaluate results from the countries in which reform has already passed (especially Chile), sum up if the pension privatization was an effective step and judge if this system is applicable also in the Czech Republic. The final report of Bezděk committee that has been analyzing the current system and suggesting changes in the system will be another source of reference. In conclusion the work should answer the question if the fund system is more suitable than the current PAYG system in the Czech Republic.
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Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union on the Market with Milk and Dairy Products
Šimková, Petra ; Lipka, David (advisor) ; Koblovský, Petr (referee)
The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) was created in 1958 as one of the first policies of the European Economic Community. It is, however, also one of the most problematic ones. In this thesis I first address its creation, principles and targets. Then I describe reforms which had the goal of reducing some of the costs imposed by this policy on the society. As the main part of the thesis is devoted to the Czech farmers producing milk, I sum up the development of the Czech agricultural sector and in a great detail describe the regulation and subsidies connected with the production of milk and milk products. Using a simple microeconomic model, I analyze impact of various instruments of the CAP on domestic and foreign producers and consumers. In spite of many reforms, the biggest beneficiaries of the CAP are still the big producers of agricultural products -- support of small farmers is very limited. The costs of the CAP are born mainly by poor consumers and agricultural producers from non-EU countries. With a unique dataset obtained from the Czech State Agricultural Intervention Fund I describe the structure of subsidies utilized by Czech milk producers and its development in the period 2005--2008. Even though a substantial inequality in subsidy incomes is also evident among Czech milk quota holders, it is smaller than in the case of all farmers.
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