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Make a monument over the grave of the dead. Material funeral culture of the early-modern period using Prague as an example.
Jarošová, Eva ; Koldinská, Marie (advisor) ; Bůžek, Václav (referee) ; Jakubec, Ondřej (referee)
The dissertation presents monuments of material funerary culture, especially tombstones and stone epitaphs from the period 1500-1650 in the territory of Prague. The work analyzes 592 records of these monuments and evaluates them from a functional and content perspective. It deals with their dating, location, and material, as well as their appearance, content of the inscription and script. The findings are put into the context of European and Czech funerary art. When compared with Czech, and especially foreign material, the culture of Prague tombstones appears to be very modest to indistinct, completely lacking some forms or even types of monuments. One reason for this particularity is the character of Prague as a royal city, which provided an exclusive, but rarely continuous burial space. The second reason is the long-term Protestant environment in the city, which had a strong impact on moderation in the visual arts. This is also related to the non-development of portrait sculpture, which was considered too luxurious. On the other hand, confession as such plays a rather marginal role in the culture of Prague tombstones and stone epitaphs, and is expressed mainly by the choice of burial place. Keywords: early modern period, epitaphs, funerary culture, Prague, tombstones
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Spontaneous inscriptions and drawings in sacred spaces
Bartůňková, Lucie ; Alt, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Hojda, Zdeněk (referee) ; Jakubec, Ondřej (referee)
Spontaneous inscriptions and drawings in sacred spaces have been rather neglected and only sporadically refected sources that are usually removed during the routine reparations of masonry, historical facades, furnishings and wooden components without any detailed analysis of their meaning in the context of the history of the given object. Te dissertation originated as a response to this situation and its aim is the fundamental heuristics and comparison of both new and vanished or currently unrepresented evidence of these specifc traces mirroring the everyday life in religious buildings. Te thesis also focuses on the practical aspect, which is the summary of documentation options and the research of historical grafti by means of non-invasive methods and their subsequent application and verifcation of obtained fndings in the frame of a casuistic study, focusing on epigraphic collections in the premises of the former Piarist complex in Litomysl. Keywords historical grafti - spontaneous inscriptions and drawings - conservation - sacred spa- ces - symbols
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Architecture of Franciscan Observant Monasteries in Bohemia, Moravia, Silesia and Upper Lusatia in Second Half of the 15th Century
Křenková, Zuzana ; Kuthan, Jiří (advisor) ; Jakubec, Ondřej (referee) ; Jarošová, Markéta (referee)
So far the history of medieval Franciscan Observance has been considered as the history of individual monasteries, or more generally as the history of disputes concerning education, culture and nationality. The aim of the present dissertation is to describe the history in terms of cultural history, to analyze wider issues of architecture regarding monastic buildings of the last big monastic community of The Middle Ages, to describe them and evaluate. The basic structure of the dissertation consists of monographic chapters monitoring the history and building development of fifteen preserved and thirteen extinct monasteries in territory of the Czech monastic province (Bohemia, Moravia, Silesia and Upper Lusatia). The catalogue part is introduced by chapters summarizing the historical context of Franciscan Observants' activities within a short period between the second half of the 15th century and the first half of the 16th century, during which the Observants of the Czech province experienced both the stage of raise and decay. The history of the order is then followed by an essay on the rules of the process of foundation constructions of the convents, the order rules limiting artwork and mainly the character of the order architecture. Key words Franciscan Observants, Late Gothic Architecture,...
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"Homo deformis". The fascination by appearance of deformed human body in the Czech lands between 1526-1620
Sochatzi Babič, Elena ; Zlatohlávek, Martin (advisor) ; Jakubec, Ondřej (referee) ; Divišová, Bohdana (referee)
During the 16th century occurred a new phenomen, that the physically disabled people because of they visage were presented as curiosities or miracles. Some cases were so incredible therefore their appearances gave an impulse for creating an artwork. The images were popular between all social levels, were collected by townspeople, scientists, nobles and kings. The dissertation thesis "Homo deformis". The fascination by appearance of deformed human body in the Czech lands between 1526-1620 aims to explore how the phenomen of human curiosities was reflected in early modern visual art in the Czech lands. This dissertation thesis bases on individual examples of human monstrosity in various art forms as an portraits, allegories, scientific illustrations and pamphlets. It exams images of abnormal disabled people between 1526-1620 and focuses on they symbolic meaning, aesthetic interpretation. It summarizes the knowlege about perceptions of depicted abnormal persons in 16th century. It also shows the Early modern society reactions about "homo deformis", their everydayness and social status. This thesis studies reasons why the disabled body was a kind an inspiration for artists. It examines ii the artists of 16th century were able to picture cases of physicality deformed bodies anatomically correctly. It...
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Green Chambers and Mural Painting in Secular Spaces at the End of the Middle Ages
Dienstbier, Jan ; Royt, Jan (advisor) ; Jakubec, Ondřej (referee) ; Gerát, Ivan (referee)
The thesis presents a detailed analysis of the late medieval murals in the so-called 'green chamber' of Žirovnice Castle and similar late-medieval mural paintings. Compared to the earlier literature the study focuses on the interrelations between the scenes depicted in the 'green chamber': the Judgement of Paris, Judith beheading Holofernes, the exemplum An Old Woman Is Worse than the Devil as well as an image which was previously described as the Judgement of Solomon (perhaps rather a parable about legitimate and illegitimate progeny). They are compared with other depictions of these themes and their treatment in contemporary literature. These comparisons link them with the popular concept of a critique of the power of women (Weibermacht). In Žirovnice, and similarly elsewhere, this concept was connected to the allegory of the transcience of love and the ephemeral nature of the world overall. The ostensible genre depictions of the hunt and tournament can be interpreted in this sense as well. This is demonstrated by numerous details subverting the meaning of these images. The study then compares Žirovnice to other similar murals in Bohemia and addresses the questions of their function as well as of the art-historical phenomenon of 'green chambers' as various secular murals are called following the...
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The unique painting decoration of the Bučovice chateau in the second half of the 16th century: reception of Venetian models
Knedlíková Wanková, Veronika ; Zlatohlávek, Martin (advisor) ; Jakubec, Ondřej (referee) ; Waisser, Pavel (referee)
This thesis deals with wall paintings of Italian character in Bu ovice Chateau in Moravia, Czech Republic. The unique wall paintings were created on impulse of Moravian aristocrat and owner of the castle - Jan Šembera ernohorský of Boskovice - in the last twenty years of the 16th century. This time represents a golden age of wall painting in the Czech lands; however, it rather reflects Italian Mannerism than the Renaissance. The paintings are situated in five rooms in the ground floor of the castle; they should refer to the level of education, nobility and wealth of the donator, Jan Šembera. Thanks to a connection of paintings, statues and stuccos the decoration of all five rooms created a unique complex. This demonstrates Šembera's ambitions - he wanted to own a richly decorated representative castle. Jacopo Strada, once an imperial Antiquarian, stayed in the Bu ovice Chateau; the stay might have been connected with his mercantile activity. He probably enabled Šembera to achieve that goal - he could have provided the Šembera's artists with Italian models and created the decoration system of five rooms. Strada made a concept of the room decoration performing various epitomes. The concept of Strada reflected the artworks of Venetian painter Paolo Veronese, the artworks of Giulio Romano and his...
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Architecture of Franciscan Observant Monasteries in Bohemia, Moravia, Silesia and Upper Lusatia in Second Half of the 15th Century
Křenková, Zuzana ; Kuthan, Jiří (advisor) ; Jakubec, Ondřej (referee) ; Jarošová, Markéta (referee)
So far the history of medieval Franciscan Observance has been considered as the history of individual monasteries, or more generally as the history of disputes concerning education, culture and nationality. The aim of the present dissertation is to describe the history in terms of cultural history, to analyze wider issues of architecture regarding monastic buildings of the last big monastic community of The Middle Ages, to describe them and evaluate. The basic structure of the dissertation consists of monographic chapters monitoring the history and building development of fifteen preserved and thirteen extinct monasteries in territory of the Czech monastic province (Bohemia, Moravia, Silesia and Upper Lusatia). The catalogue part is introduced by chapters summarizing the historical context of Franciscan Observants' activities within a short period between the second half of the 15th century and the first half of the 16th century, during which the Observants of the Czech province experienced both the stage of raise and decay. The history of the order is then followed by an essay on the rules of the process of foundation constructions of the convents, the order rules limiting artwork and mainly the character of the order architecture. Key words Franciscan Observants, Late Gothic Architecture,...
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Chapters in the iconography of the renaissance portrait in Bohemia and Moravia
Kubíková, Blanka ; Konečný, Lubomír (advisor) ; Zlatohlávek, Martin (referee) ; Jakubec, Ondřej (referee)
The subject ofthis thesis is studying the iconography and iconology of selected portraits from the fund of painted aristocratic portraits of the 16th and beginning of 17th century from Czech and Moravian collections and putting them into the context of portrait painting in neighbouring countries of that period. The first chapter deals with the portraits af Vilém oj Rožmberk. The privileged position ofthe Rožmberk ruler, who held the second position after the king in the hierarchy ofthe Czech lands, is imaged in the magnifico's full-figure portraits, which ref1ect the newest portrait tendencies [rom the imperial circles in an immediate sequence and which in iconographic details enable concrete iconological interpretations. Founding a family portrait gallery at a time oftemporary loss ofthis exclusive position can be interpreted as a strong expression ofthe resolution to renew the family's prestige. The second chapter deals with pictures from the Pernštejn collection: the double portrait of Marie Manrique de Lara with a naked child and a portrait of her husband, Vratislav oj Pernštejn. The symbolical statement of the double portrait is especially studied, which may be perceived as a Marian identification portrait celebrating the family's continuance. Apart from its representative function, this portrait...
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