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The changes of hearing function during the postnatal development
Groh, Daniel ; Syka, Josef (advisor) ; Rokyta, Richard (referee) ; Dlouhá, Olga (referee) ; Valvoda, Jaroslav (referee)
8 přítomny spontánní otoakustické emise (SOAE). Amplitudy otoakustických emisí TEOAE, jejichž frekvenční spektrum leželo v rozmezí 0,5-8 kHz, se výrazně snižovaly s věkem. Vysokofrekvenční sluchová ztráta se tedy může odrazit ve snížení amplitudy TEOAE měřené na nízkých a středních frekvencích. Vyhodnocení sluchových ztrát v rozšířeném frekvenčním pásmu spolu se záznamem TEOAE a SOAE může napomoci detekci počínajících sluchových poruch v dětském věku, které nemohou být odhaleny klasickou audiometrií s frekvencí do 8 kHz. Ve studii byly dále hodnoceny audiologické charakteristiky dětí a mladistvích trpících tinnitem různé etiologie a porovnány s obdobnými vyšetřeními u kontrolní skupiny stejně starých dobrovolníků. U jednotlivých pacientů nebyla nalezena korelace mezi původem tinnitu a výsledky audiometrických testů, tj. tónovým audiogramem a výsledky záznamu evokovaných otoakustických emisí (TEOAE a DPOAE). Byl zjištěn pouze významně nižší výskyt SOAE (44,6 % uší) u mladých pacientů s tinnitem v porovnání s 62,5% uší v kontrolní skupině dětí a mladistvých. Nicméně byla pozorována silná závislost amplitud a frekvenčních charakteristik TEOAE a DPOAE na stupni sluchové ztráty bez ohledu na zdroj tinnitu. SUMMARY Experimental part Mechanisms of age-related hearing loss were studied in two rat strains. In aged...
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Factors Influencing Communication with Hearing Impairment in Old Age
Černý, Libor ; Dlouhá, Olga (advisor) ; Hahn, Aleš (referee) ; Kostřica, Rom (referee)
The main goal of this doctoral thesis was to measure differences in speech intelligibility between older and younger hearing-impaired people and to establish the factors influencing the effectiveness of the use of hearing aids in the elderly. We focused on three related areas: 1/ To measure how the magnitude of difference of hearing and speech intelligibility in silence differs between younger and older populations, with a similar degree of hearing loss, in terms of word audiometry. 2/ To establish how speech intelligibility in competitive noise differs between younger and older populations with a similar degree of auditory defect, in terms of the Czech Test of Sentence Intelligibility in Babble Noise. 3/ To establish which factors affect the effectiveness of hearing aids for seniors, the motivation for the acquisition and regular use of hearing aids, and whether these factors correlate with age or lifestyle. Methodology 1/ A group of 143 hearing aid users was divided into young (N = 60, mean age 15,9 y.) and seniors (N = 83, mean age 83,6 y.). For these two age groups we compared the differences between SRT values (understanding in word audiometry in silence, in the free field) and PTA values (hearing threshold in pure tone audiometry). 2/ A group of 423 persons, examined using the Test of...
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Factors Influencing Communication with Hearing Impairment in Old Age
Černý, Libor ; Dlouhá, Olga (advisor) ; Hahn, Aleš (referee) ; Kostřica, Rom (referee)
The main goal of this doctoral thesis was to measure differences in speech intelligibility between older and younger hearing-impaired people and to establish the factors influencing the effectiveness of the use of hearing aids in the elderly. We focused on three related areas: 1/ To measure how the magnitude of difference of hearing and speech intelligibility in silence differs between younger and older populations, with a similar degree of hearing loss, in terms of word audiometry. 2/ To establish how speech intelligibility in competitive noise differs between younger and older populations with a similar degree of auditory defect, in terms of the Czech Test of Sentence Intelligibility in Babble Noise. 3/ To establish which factors affect the effectiveness of hearing aids for seniors, the motivation for the acquisition and regular use of hearing aids, and whether these factors correlate with age or lifestyle. Methodology 1/ A group of 143 hearing aid users was divided into young (N = 60, mean age 15,9 y.) and seniors (N = 83, mean age 83,6 y.). For these two age groups we compared the differences between SRT values (understanding in word audiometry in silence, in the free field) and PTA values (hearing threshold in pure tone audiometry). 2/ A group of 423 persons, examined using the Test of...
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Diagnosis of communication disability for people with Parkinson's disease
Růžičková, Hana ; Klenková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Hájková, Vanda (referee) ; Dlouhá, Olga (referee)
TITLE: Diagnosis of communication disability for people with Parkinson s disease AUTHOR: Hana R i ková Mgr. DEPARTMENT: Special education department SUPERVISOR: Ji ina Klenková, Doc. PaedDr., PhD. ABSTRACT: The doctoral thesis deals with diagnosing communication disability for people with Parkinson s disease (PD). PD is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder associated with high occurrence of hypokinetic dysarthria (HD). The theoretical part of the thesis characterizes Parkinson s disease, weak and strong points of logopaedic diagnostics and describes HD. The empirical part of the thesis is based on quantitative research. The aims of our study were to modify test Dysarthric profile 3F to be more sensitive to mild stage of HD, to detect HD symptoms in early untreated PD patiens, to notice HD progression in retest, to objectify results of clinical evaluation by acoustic measurments and to detect subjective perception of patient s own speech. We studied people with PD and neurologically healthy control speakers. We evaluated HD in 50% PD subjects in early untreated stage of PD and in 74% PD speakers in retest. We observe that between the most sensitive diagnostical tasks in clinical evaluation with high correlation with acoustic analysis belong evaluation of hoarse voice in sustained phonation of vowels and...
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není uveden
Bahannan, Abdulrehman ; Slavíček, Aleš (advisor) ; Dlouhá, Olga (referee) ; Slípka, Jaroslav (referee)
Endoscopic laser-assisted cordectomies classified by Remacle and Rudert (typ I-V cordectomies) comprise a vast range of procedures from simple vocal cord stripping or submucosal cordectomy (type I) through more extensive surgery (subligamentous cordectomy- type II, transmuscular chordectomy- type III) to complete (type IV) or extended cordectomies (type V) used when tumour involves the anterior commisure, arytenoid region, subglottic region etc. Endoscopic laser-assisted surgery of the larynx is usually indicated in early stages of infiltrative malignant disease of the glottic region (Tla-b, T2) or in preneoplastic conditions (laryngeal intraepithelial neoplasia - LIN I, II or III). Radiotherapy is also believed to be an equivalent type of oncological therapy for these diseases. Both surgery and radiotherapy can worsen one of the main functions of the human larynx- the human voice. Because the overall survival rates and local control rates are quite similar in both types of therapy, one should always have in mind something that is beyond the main goal of achieving radical removal of the tumour- patients quality of life (QoL) and quality of voice. It is very interesting to compare QoL and voice quality in different types of treatment. The possibility to conserve the radiotherapy for the possible recurrence...
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The changes of hearing function during the postnatal development
Groh, Daniel ; Syka, Josef (advisor) ; Rokyta, Richard (referee) ; Dlouhá, Olga (referee) ; Valvoda, Jaroslav (referee)
8 přítomny spontánní otoakustické emise (SOAE). Amplitudy otoakustických emisí TEOAE, jejichž frekvenční spektrum leželo v rozmezí 0,5-8 kHz, se výrazně snižovaly s věkem. Vysokofrekvenční sluchová ztráta se tedy může odrazit ve snížení amplitudy TEOAE měřené na nízkých a středních frekvencích. Vyhodnocení sluchových ztrát v rozšířeném frekvenčním pásmu spolu se záznamem TEOAE a SOAE může napomoci detekci počínajících sluchových poruch v dětském věku, které nemohou být odhaleny klasickou audiometrií s frekvencí do 8 kHz. Ve studii byly dále hodnoceny audiologické charakteristiky dětí a mladistvích trpících tinnitem různé etiologie a porovnány s obdobnými vyšetřeními u kontrolní skupiny stejně starých dobrovolníků. U jednotlivých pacientů nebyla nalezena korelace mezi původem tinnitu a výsledky audiometrických testů, tj. tónovým audiogramem a výsledky záznamu evokovaných otoakustických emisí (TEOAE a DPOAE). Byl zjištěn pouze významně nižší výskyt SOAE (44,6 % uší) u mladých pacientů s tinnitem v porovnání s 62,5% uší v kontrolní skupině dětí a mladistvých. Nicméně byla pozorována silná závislost amplitud a frekvenčních charakteristik TEOAE a DPOAE na stupni sluchové ztráty bez ohledu na zdroj tinnitu. SUMMARY Experimental part Mechanisms of age-related hearing loss were studied in two rat strains. In aged...
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